UJohn Antonovich: ulawulo kunye nokufa

Kwimbali yaseRashiya, uJohn Antonovich (1740-1764) uhlala omnye wabalawuli abangavamile. Wayehlala e troneni, ngoxa wayesengumntwana, kwaye wayevela apho ebudeni bengafani. Inxalenye enkulu yobomi bakhe yawela entolongweni, apho ayengenako ukusinda. Lo ngumzekelo ocacileyo wesifo esibuhlungu somntu obiza amandla ngenxa yemvelaphi yakhe.

Iindlalifa

Usana olutsha olwenziwa nguJohn Antonovich lwazalwa kwintsapho ka- Anna Leopoldovna no-Anton Ulrich. Aba ngabazali ababalaseleyo ukuba inkwenkwe yaseRussia yayingenakho. Umama wayengumntakwabo we-Empress u-Anna Ioannovna kunye nomzukulu kaTsar uJohn I. V. Ubaba wayenzala yaseJamani kwaye wayenesihloko sikaDuke waseBraunschweig.

I-Impress uAna yayingenabantwana, ngenxa yokuba itrone emva kokufa kwakhe ngo-1740 idluliselwe kwisihlobo esithandana nendoda (umntakwabo). Olu khetho olungenangqiqo ludibaniswe nelokuba umlawuli ofa wayefuna ukushiya amandla emva kwenzalo kayise uYohane, kodwa kungekhona uPetros. Ngoko ke, ekuthandeni kwakhe, wabonisa ukuba emva kokuba umntwana itrone yayiya kudlula kwabanye abantwana bomntanina wakhe u-Anna Leopoldovna.

Regency yeBiron

Enyanisweni, umntwana wayedinga i-regent engakhokelela urhulumente ngelixa umnini-mthethweni ophethe amandla akhula. Umama okanye ubaba wengane akafanelekanga kule nxaxheba ngenxa yokungabikho kwezakhono zombutho kunye nesithakazelo esilula ekulawuleni ilizwe. Ngoko ke, kwindawo ephakamileyo, kodwa inobungozi yonyulwa iJamani i-Biron-eyintandokazi ye-empress yakudala.

Nangona kunjalo, uBiron akazange alawule ixesha elide. Ngethuba lobomi be-empress, wayenandipha ukuthanda kwakhe, kodwa emva kokufa kwakhe wahlala ejikelezwe iintshaba kunye nabangathandi. Xa wayeyithandayo, uMbusi waseColland noSamigallia baqhekeza amaninzi amaninzi baze bawela indlela eya kwamagosa amaninzi aphakamileyo. Babengenakuvuyela umkhosi, ongenakufuna ukubona umJamani osemzini kwintloko yeburhulumenteni.

IBhodi yoMama

Ngako oko, ngokoqobo ngeveki yesibini yokulawula komntwana, uBiron wasuswa emandleni nguSt. Petersburg Guard, owabeka uRentent Anna Leopoldovna endaweni yakhe. Kodwa wayenomdla ongathandekiyo kwaye ekugqibeleni wanika iimbombo kwezinye iJamani. Okokuqala kwakuyiMas Marshal Minich, kunye neGrey Cardinal Osterman. Bonke babonakale eSt. Petersburg kwithuba likaPetrine, xa amaJamani asandul 'ukuza afika ngokugqithiseleyo ahlasele iRashiya - awamiselwa ukuba aqhutywe kwizithuba zombuso.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuba amaphepha asemthethweni ahlanganiswe ngexesha lokuqwalaselwa libhekiswe kumntwana oselula uYohn III. Le nkcubeko iye yaqala ukususela kumaxesha ka-Ivan the Terrible (wokuqala waseRashiya wokuqala). Nangona kunjalo nangona kamva, kwi-XIX leminyaka, izazi-mlando zaqala ukusebenzisa ukubala, ngokubhekiselele kulo mlawuli omncinci wayeseYesi-6. Kule meko, i-countdown iqhutyelwa kuJohn Kalita, inkulu yokuqala yaseMoscow eneli gama, elawula ekupheleni kwekhulu lesine leminyaka, ngexesha le-Golden Horde.

Qhagamshelana neNyakatho

Kodwa sele ngo-1741 abaLindi baphinde baphenduka imibono yayo. Ukubaluleka kwamanye amazwe ukhathele wonke umntu, kwaye abaninzi bancedile nentombi kaPetros Omkhulu, uElizabeth. Ukubambana kwaqhutyelwa ngokukhawuleza. Xa kwacaca ukuba uYohn Antonovich wayengengomlawuli, kwagqitywa ukuba amthume kunye nentsapho yakhe ngasentla, ekuthinjweni. Le ndawo yayiyidolophu yaseKholmogory.

UJohn Antonovich, ngo-1741 apho waba yinto yokujika, ngoku wayehlala kwindlu encinci, ehluke kubazali bakhe. Umama wafa iminyaka embalwa kamva, akakwazi ukulwa nesimo sezulu esinzulu. Kulo lonke elawula u-Elizabethe, iinzame zaqhubeka zisusa kwimbali yembali ixesha elifutshane lolawulo lwale ntsapho. Ngokukodwa, iimali zemali zikaJohn Antonovich, ezenziwe ngunyaka wokuhlala kwakhe esihlalweni sobukhosi, zachithwa ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye abantu abazama ukuhlawula ngemali enjalo, baye baqala ukuvalela nokugweba uhlaselo oluphezulu.

Imizamo ejolise ekudakaleni kukaJohn nabazali bakhe kwimibandela yombuso yayiphumelele kangangokuba nangona i-300 yenkulungwane yeRomanovs yayibhiyozelwa ngekhulu lama-20, akukho nto yakhankanywa ngayo ngomntwana, kuquka izikhumbuzo ezakhiweyo ngethuba lejubane.

Nqanaba laseShlisselburg

Ngo-1756, uMlawuli wasekuqaleni uJohn Antonovich wadluliselwa esuka eKholmogory waya kwiinqaba zaseShlisselburg. Imiqathango yolondolozo lwayo ibuhlungu kakhulu. Ukususela ekubonakala kweso siza esitsha, akabonanga ubuso bomntu omnye, wayenqatshelwe ukuba ashiye iseli. Konke oku akunako kodwa kuyichaphazela isimo sengqondo salo mfana oselula. Amangqina athi wayengenelanga, nangona ngexesha elichithwa eNyakatho, le nkwenkwe yafunda ukufunda kwaye yazi nokuba yayisakuba ngukumkani.

Okwangoku, uCatherine II waba namandla. UJohn Antonovich waba ngumfanekiso, apho abadlali abahlukahlukeneyo bazama ukusebenzisa kwaye bafuna ukuthatha amandla. Omnye wabo wayengummeli uVasily Mirovich. Ngomnyaka we-1764 wancenga isigamu sabalindi benqaba ukuba enze umbhikisho aze akhululwe umbusi wamandulo. Nangona kunjalo, abagcini bababanjwa babenemigaqo eyimfihlo evela eSt. Petersburg, owathi, xa kwenzeka nayiphi na ingozi, yayiza kubulala uYohane. Ngoko benza. UMirow wathatyathwa waza wabulawa esidlangalaleni.