Mbusi Russian Alexander I

Alexander I wayengunyana omdala ka uPawulos 1. mlawuli elizayo wazalwa ngo-1777, ngoDisemba 12. Alexander wakhuliswa ikakhulu n 2, umakhulu wakhe. Uphuhliso yesitalato lo mfana ezama ukuba sisondele indalo. Imfundo waye umlawuli lwexesha elizayo Swiss La Harpe, ubuhlakani uhambele.

Alexander Omkhulu. biography

N 2 bekufanele ukuba kudlule itrone umzukulu wakhe ngqo, ngokudlulisela uPawulos 1. Nangona kunjalo, bengalwamkelanga ixesha lokuba amalungiselelo alo, wafa. Wayesondela etroneni, uPawulos 1, wenza unyana lerhuluneli yomkhosi St. Petersburg, umhloli elihamba, owamahashe, uze emva koko usihlalo amasebe zomkhosi weNdlu yeeNgwevu. Ngelo xesha, ukuba uyise wabo bonke kukrokrelwa Alexander itulo, mna ufakwe enqabeni. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba unyana ngokwenene inxaxheba eminhlanganweni ya amayelenqe noyise. Ngenxa yoko, omnye wabo , uPawulos 1 wafa.

Alexander kuqala weza etroneni xa eneminyaka engamashumi amabini anesine. Yena wayethandana macala nocwangco lasekwa, kwafuneka nengqondo ephilileyo. Noko ke, njengoko ababephila qaphela kuzoyika imicimbi karhulumente, kwabonakala kuye nodandatheko. Ngelo xesha Alexander I kuyathandabuzeka kwaye nokusola. WoMlawuli zonke ixesha ubunzima ukusuka ndingento yanto. Ukuzama ukuba bahlukane kuye, Alexander wafuna ukuba ukuseka into efana nguzwilakhe, ngoko wayeyinkokeli yasemkhosini.

Ngokutsho ayephila, umlawuli ayibangelwanga mxhasi wangumququzeleli utshintsho. Noko ke, ekuqaleni kobukumkani Alexander ndachitha guqula ngenene.

Umlawuli lokuqala asirhoxise ukuguqulwa yonke kayise, uPawulos 1: yakhulula abefundisi kunye ngabafo ukohlwaywa ngokubethwa, waza ke wabubuyisela kwakuloo mzi ukuya izikhulu "amaxhwebhu", babuya malunga alishumi lamawaka zinganakwa lamakhonkco, sisabe urhulumente wabhengeza benikwa.

Emva 1803 (ukusukela kungaphunyezwa yomthetho "Ngomhla abalimi ezamahala") abalimi banikwa ilungelo kuthenga inkululeko isivumelwano kunye wesakhiwo. Noko ke, ukuba usebenzisa yona ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha ekhulwini ngamakhoboka.

Ukususela 1803 ukuya 1804 Alexander I wenza utshintsho kwisistim yemfundo karhulumente. "Yokuhlolwa Ngummiselo" wavunywa ngo 1804. Inxalenye ekhethekileyo kuphuculo eyamkelwe yi MM Speransky. imizamo yakhe kangangoko okukhulu ulawulo umyalelo omtsha kurhulumente, kunye utshintsho olwenzekileyo luncinane yayikhona kuze 1917.

Ukususela kwiminyaka 1805 ukuya 1807, Alexander yathatha inxaxheba ekulweni nxamnye uNapoleon. Ngenxa kokoyiswa e Austerlitz, i noMlawuli kwanyanzeleka ukuba atyikitye iSivumelwano Tilsit. Noko ke, impumelelo zomkhosi ezilandelayo zanceda ukomeleza indawo eRashiya ngamazwe.

Emva kokuba kwakuqala aluphumelelanga ekuqaleni kweMfazwe ka-1812, Alexander, uyohlwaywa ngabo ukusilela lomkhosi, phantse kususwa ngentlonipho. Ukususela ngoko, yena phantse angazishiyi naphi na, lonke ixesha Kamennoostrovsky Palace, eSt Petersburg.

watshintsha ngokupheleleyo ukuma zonke odelekileyo Alexander 1 emva kwentlekele yomkhosi uNapoleon, nto leyo yalahleka iqabaka kunye indlala Russia phantse yonke nokubunjwa kwayo. Ngenxa yoko, ngowe-1814, Matshi 31 kuzo uMlawuli efana Russian wangena Paris. Ukususela ngoko, Alexander 1 waba le ndoda inamandla lonke elaseYurophu. Lo mlawuli ngokwakhe yonke imikhosi uzama ukomeleza indawo yayo.

Noko ke, ngaphezu Alexander 1 wazama ukwayama ebantwini "close kakhulu". Phakathi kwabo kwakukho Arakcheev, nzima, rough, amajoni ukhohlakele. I noMlawuli izama ukuyila kwiklasi ekhethekileyo yasemkhosini, leyo abaqeshisi okukruqulayo kakhulu Russian, ilimaze iqhayiya layo wesizwe kunye neklasi. Kwezi meko, oko utsha iyelenqe nxamnye Alexander 1.

Ukubulawa kwakhe ngo-1825, kwacetywa ngenyameko. Yenza iyelenqe awayeluceba ngo-1826, ehlotyeni, ngexesha uhlela. Noko ke, ngo-1825, umlawuli ngesiquphe waza wafa baseTaganrog sesi sifo.