Yalelani AI Egorov:. Imbali, imbali, iifoto

Alexander Yegorov wazalwa ngo-Oktobha 25, 1883 kwidolophu encinane Buzuluk. Yena mncinane, umntwana sesine yintsapho eqhelekileyo. Kwakungekho miqondiso ukuba inkwenkwe yenza umsebenzi emangalisayo kwilizwe eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo kuya kuba Marshal ye-Red Army. Kodwa kwenzeka.

ukubunjwa

Future Marshal Egorov ukususela ebuntwaneni aphupha umsebenzi yasemkhosini (enyanisweni, uyise wayeligosa). Ngowe-1902, umfana oselula bangena isikolo nomkhosi ngodaba Kazan. Isifundo wanikwa loo mfana ngokulula. Le nkqubo yayiquka izibalo, ulwimi Russian, imichiza, physics, umthetho kaThixo, ukuzoba, ulwimi lwasemzini (French wakhetha Egorov). Kwakukho izifundo ezizodwa emkhosini: .. Amaqhinga iyonke, imbali emkhosini, isimo, ulawulo emkhosini, zokudubula, iindibano ezininzi, njl Oomasifundisane Junkers bafunda iziseko ingalo.

Soviet Marshal Egorov wayelijoni umsebenzi owahlukileyo yesikolo yasebukhosini. Kwiminyaka yoqeqesho sakhe Kazan School of iziganeko ezinkulu yenzekile: War Russian-Japanese kunye revolution yokuqala, lwaqala emva Sunday eSt Petersburg. ibile lwangaphakathi Empire ayikwazanga kuchaphazela isimo kabini. Sikolo yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini: monarchists kunye nenkcaso. Yiya imagi wokugqibela wazihlanganisa elizayo Marshal Egorov. Kwiminyaka emininzi kamva siphawule ngobomi bakhe ukuba ukususela ngo-1904, ekwabelwana iimbono Socialist-mbuso.

The First World War

Study Yegorov yaphela ngo-Epreli 1905 xa epasile ukuya sombutho waya kukhonza kwi 13 Ubomi Grenadier webutho Erivan. umsebenzi igosa kukaThixo kuya kakuhle. indlela yawo ibheke ezantsi emva leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Xa isikhundla ukapteni elizayo Marshal Egorov wafumana ubhaptizo yayo lomlilo edabini Galician kwi South-Western Front. Uhlaselo lokuqala inxaxheba yakhe yabanjwa ngoAgasti 13, 1914 kweli dabi Bousquet. Ukulwa onencula agqibe ekugxothweni umlomo utshaba ezibini.

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye amagosa amaninzi, Egorov wazama ukuba anyamekele amajoni akhe. Akazange singafani ubuqhawe lithemba kunye nasihlahla, umphumo kuphela leyo ibe kukufa engenamsebenzi. Kuba mnye, kuphela unyaka wokuqala womthetheli imfazwe abafumene amabhaso ezine. Kamva zangamawele, zithabathela ngabanye: i-Order of St. Stanislaus 2 nd isidanga, kwakunye yekhethelo iingalo St George kaThixo.

Kodwa kukho ezinye "amabhaso", nto leyo wawongwa Marshal Egorov elizayo. Biography yasemkhosini kuhlala zingaphelelanga ngaphandle ukukhankanywa iingozi ezininzi. Ngo-Agasti 1914, iiveki ezimbini emva kokuqhambuka kwemfazwe endhawini igosa Logivitsa wafumana bullet umbayimbayi ziwela shin. Le ndoda elimele uphumile esibhedlele ekuqaleni. Ngo-Apreli 1915, kufuphi kwilali Zarinis egorova concussions kakhulu projectile dubulo. Ngelo xesha, akazange ahlale esibhedlele. Oku kwalandelwa concussions ezimbini ngaphezulu. igosa isiqaqa ke babalekela ngasemva. Nangoku babuyela umgca ngaphambili, nangona ekuqhwaleleni evelayo.

NgoMeyi 1916 Egorov wenza umphathi okokuqala ngexesha lemfazwe kuthunyelwa ngasemva. Abasekondiweyo waba umthetheli-4 nomkhosi, kwaye 196th elihamba Reserve webutho, elise yaseTver.

Ekusondeleni revolution

Ekupheleni kuka-1916 kulandelwa njengengqesho entsha. Egorov waqalisa umthetho webutho, nomkhosi 132 Bendersky, kuthatha indawo kwi Dvina Koloni. Ngelo xesha, Alexander Ilyich - sele sikhulu Lieutenant. Kule isikhundla wadibana Februwari revolution. Front ingakumbi sensitive iindaba ezivela phambi ekhaya. Army Bazidinise yokulwa yokuphalaza igazi kwimfazwe elide kunye lilize.

amajoni abaninzi kunye namagosa kunye nethemba watsala kwezopolitiko, silindele ukuba urhulumente omtsha uya kukhawuleza kukhokelela ilizwe ngoxolo. Mna kungekho ngaphandle kwaye sele awukabi ndawo, Marshal Egorov. umphathi Military (emva kokuba Februwari Revolution) bathelela ngokusesikweni Socialist-mbuso. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, kwi leSoviet, Georgy zhukov , kwincwadi yakhe eya Voroshilov simkhumbula ukuwa 1917 uAleksandr Egorov ebizwa esidlangalaleni Vladimir Lenin wamazwe kunye ndiyintlola yaseJamani.

Ukuya kwi-Red Army

Kunye nokuza kwi amandla ye'Bolsheviks eli lizwe nganeno ngaseludinini imfazwe yamakhaya. NgoDisemba 1917 Egorov wafika Petrograd waza wajoyina i-Red Army. Njengoko igosa onamava, wasebenza zeKhomishini kwamabutho kunye nokwamkelwa kwabasebenzi abatsha. Kweli career nqanaba Egorov yaba isandla sokunene intloko yesebe wamajoni Central eKomiti eLawulayo Avelya Enukidze. Old yamaBolshevik (yepati ukususela 1898) zixabisekile ubuchule kunye namandla sashiya abatsha.

Ngentwasahlobo yowama-1918 Egorov kweliso kungekuphela nje umsebenzi kwi ikhomishini kwakhona evaluation-(kulo, umzekelo, wayeligosa abanetalente ukuvelela royal uMikhail Tukhachevsky - enye bamashali zokuqala ezintlanu eSoviet Union), kodwa kwakhona thethwana amaJamani banjwa exchange. Naye rhoqo wadibana nabameli Red Cross.

Xa intloko 9 Army

Agasti 31, 1918 ikamva Marshal eSoviet Union Egorov wafaka isicelo kunye nesicelo ukuba amthumele emkhosini, walwa kwiMfazwe Civil. Kusuku ngaphambi kokuba eli eserka episode Fanny Kaplan, wenza akuphumeleli imizamo uLenin. Shot emhlabeni Michelson mveliso kukhokelele ekuqaleni ngokunxunguphala nxamnye iqela lakhe. Egorov ngokwakhe elaqhekeka Socialist-njengabalweli benguqu epheleleyo ngoJulayi, intsimi ajoyina RKP (b). Waba nethamsanqa ukuba 'ukutshintsha ikhondo "nje kokuba ilungu Socialist-mbuso ugqibele ihlazo kunye nomonakalo. Nangona kunjalo, le auknulos SR elidlulileyo zomkhosi kakhulu kamva, xa i-30 Stalin waqalisa zonke-out ukucoca kwi-Red Army.

Ngo-Agasti 1918, i-Egorov efanayo wamiselwa umphathi we-9 Army, ebambeleyo ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili olusemazantsi. Kwaba kwisiza Kamyshin - Novohopersk kwaye ibonisa impembelelo General Krasnov. Nangona igosa lafumana ukuqeshwa elide-ilindelwe, White Balashov kunqunyulwa zikaloliwe. Ekubeni imeko ezingabalulekanga kwaye wajamelana Marshal Egorov elizayo. Biography yasemkhosini sele uzele eyahlukeneyo imisebenzi imiphambili ze leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, ngoko ke ngqwayi, kungekhona kancinane bekumele, waqalisa kukubuyisela kwayo ngoku.

Umsebenzi ophambili we Egorov yaba kuncendile epheleleyo 9 Army. Ngexesha elifutshane, ngenxa amandla yayo nokuzingisa wakwazi ukwenza oku kumiswa elitsha amandla enkulu esebenzayo. Baqala imisebenzi esebenzayo kwizikhombisi Sebryakovsky kunye Filonovsky. Ngoncedo lwe-9 abavikeli Army Tsaritsyn bakwazi ukukhusela isixeko ngobuchule ebalulekileyo.

ingenguye Tsaritsyn

Ngo-Oktobha, umphathi mkhosi ugula kakhulu, yaye waba seenyanga ezimbini wayesesibhedlele. KwiNdlu, wafumana isabelo esitsha. 10 Army kwaba iyunithi entsha Committe, elikhokelwa Marshal Egorov. Gaba waphumelela ngalinye enye emva kwenye, kodwa endaweni esitsha ngasinye emkhosini babesoloko bendingxolisa ubuninzi yakho. Ngoku ingxaki entsha enzulu bahlangane naye - gcina Tsaritsyn, kwakhona ezandleni abamhlophe.

NgoDisemba 19, 1918 unyango Egorov waya ngaphambili. Nangona umphathi wayesesibhedlele, okwethutyana endaweni yakhe ahlala uNikolay Khudyakov (yaye kamva wadubula). In Tsaritsyn baqhuba kakubi kakhulu. Ayisebenzi, akukho inkampani (ngaphandle kokuba mveliso ngompu). umbutho City Party wadibanisa abantu 5000, kodwa amandla omntu Nangoku ngokwaneleyo. Ukulwa yayisenzeka amadlelo. imizila kaloliwe, izitrato kunye mveliso rhoqo bavele. January 19, 1919 abamhlophe bazama ukuya kwi-ice iVolga ngokwenjenjalo asirhawule ngokupheleleyo umzi.

Egorov waqala ukuba balwe umbutho. indima ephambili iye yaba ukwahlulwa kwamabutho phantsi umyalelo Boris Dumenko. Januwari 22 baqala kuhlasela, leyo njongo ephambili bayagqobhoza ngaphambili kwaye Ezomva hambani emhlophe. Ekulweni yokuqala kufuphi ifama ngqo neyophahla ebomvu bamisa ezintlanu utshaba regiments mahashe. It ikwazile ukuba singangeni Davydovka. January 28 efika apho, Marshal Egorov. La mabhaso, abasamkelayo ngexesha czarist, zaye kufaneleka ngokupheleleyo. Wakwazi ukuphumeza impumelelo edabini for Tsaritsyn. Ngo Davydovka Egorov ndabona Budenny, isikhundla Dumenko nezibi.

Enxebeni uze ubuyele nokusebenza

April 4, 1919, uLenin wathumela incwadi yocingo igama egorova, leyo wavuyisana Amaqhawe 10 Army kunye iimpumelelo kwiphulo ebusika. Ngelo xesha, ngasezantsi enomfutho umkhosi Denikin, yaye empumalanga baqalisa ukuhlasela Kolchak. Ezi zobuqili phantse neengcambu i-Red Army Iziphumo Tsaritsyn. NgoMeyi 1919, kwelinye idabi phezu lomlanjana Sal elizayo Marshal ye-USSR Egorov (kunye Dumenko) uhlatywe kakhulu kwaye ixesha elithile bengasebenzi. Noko ke, umkhosi ulawulwe mini ukuze aphumelele. Emva kwale mpumelelo umphathi ephakamileyo ke ngelo xesha yamaBolshevik zomkhosi ibhaso - Order of the Red Banner.

Egorov ezimbalwa iiveki ezichithwe zibhedlele ka Saratov kunye eMoscow. NgoJulayi, wabuyela ngaphambili wakhokela Army 14. Emva koko, ngo-Oktobha 1919 - Januwari 1920, Alexander Ilyich wakhonza ndingumthetheli i-Southern Front. Wabelwa ukuba mzuzu kakhulu kweMfazwe Civil. White, njengokuba ngonaphakade, zibe kufutshane eMoscow. October 13 ayithabatha Eagle. kwikomkhulu Southern Front ngelo xesha ibekwe Serpukhov kufuphi eMoscow. Le imeko imaxongo ngokugqithiseleyo. Ilahleko eMoscow kunokubangela ukuba ukoyiswa yokugqibela iiBolsheviks.

Xa intloko Southern Front

Phezu kwayo yonke, Marshal Egorov Alexander Ilyich akazange ukwehlisa izandla zakhe. On inyathelo uLenin kaThixo, wayenza ukutshintshwa kwe-West Front of the Rifle Division Latvian, izicima mahashe elihamba Brigade Pavlov kaThixo Primakov, kwakunye nezinye iinxalenye PBC. Ukususela kule hodgepodge komandyuzh wadala iqela elilodwa logwayimbo. Yayiza kuba gravedigger zabelungu impumelelo.

zilwe zazisuka waqala Kromy kunye Eagle. 13, 14 Army kunye neqela edabini waqhekeza lwezindlu Alexandrov Kutepov. Ngoko ke wathiywa kuhlaselwa Denikin. Ngelo xesha, omnye umkhosi strike umthetho yi Budyonny e Voronezh kwicala woyisa kovalelo eziliqela ihashe elimhlophe. October 25 Revolutionary Military Council of Southern Front, wathumela incwadi yocingo Lenin, eyachaza uloyiso kudala lilindelwe phezu inqaba iphambili counter-revolution. Umyalezo utyikitywe ngu Stalin ne Yegorov.

December 12, i-Red Army wabakhulula eKharkov, no-16 ka - Kiev. NgoJanuwari 1920, i-Rostov emhlophe lalungiswa. Ekubeni imikhosi Southern Front wenza umsebenzi wabo wamoyisa Denikin kaThixo Njengevolontiya Army. Kakade ke, indima enkulu kule impumelelo wenze Alexander Egorov. kamva Marshall wabhala nkumbulo eneenkcukacha imihla ukoyiswa kunye uloyiso kwiMfazwe Civil.

in Petrograd

Ekuqaleni kuka-1921 Yegorov wonyulwa usekela we-X Congress of the Communist Party. Ngo-Epreli, waba nenjengele Petrograd Military District. Kwesi sikhundla, emkhosini wahlala de Septemba 1921. In Petrograd Yegorov ngayo kwafuneka ukuba sijongane kuqala kunye neziphumo yemvukelo Kronstadt. Abaqhubi benqanawa bavukela ngqo ngexesha X Congress. Kuba iiBolsheviks oko kwaba yintlungu buhlungu. Egorov waqalisa ngokutsha umsebenzi Party nezopolitiko kwiiyunithi zomkhosi.

Iqela kwakhona kunzima kukulamba, liwuthuthumbisa Petrograd. Ngoxa umda strip kanye, wabumba ulawulo olutsha lweMida Guards (ngokwahlukeneyo ngokuba umda Finnish kwaye Latvian-Estonian). Oku kwalandelwa olukhawulezayo - kuqala phambi Western, ngoko e abaseAfrika Krasnosnamyonnay emkhosini.

lenzolo

Ngowe-1931, Alexander Ilich wamiselwa Chief of Staff i-Red Army. Kule ndima, waba ngomnye bamashali ezintlanu zokuqala. Abakuluhlu aphezulu i-Red Army wanikwa Yegorov ayikho nje. Ebudeni beminyaka ye-War Civil, waba wokwenene hero-Union. Alexander Ilyich fanele ku kumnyele iinjengele, yakha uloyiso kwi umlo wamagazi kunye abamhlophe.

Njengoko Chief of Staff oluBomvu Army loxolo Yegorov waqondisa umsebenzi omkhulu yokuphuhlisa isicwangciso yokwakha lobugcisa bala imikhosi exhobileyo. ingxaki yotshintsho yondele kwi ekuqalekeni 30. Ke Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR Red Army Ikomkhulu wayalela ukuba bangadlulela kwakhona izixhobo kunye ngokutsha. Ingxelo ngeziphumo lo msebenzi abaluleke olungiswe iqela leengcaphephe ekhethiweyo. Eli qela iphethwe Marshal Egorov.

umfazi Military Galina Tseshkovsky inkxaso iqabane zonke isigaba ebomini bakhe (ukuba batshata emva ngamaxesha tsarist). Mna kungekho ngaphandle kwaye ngoxa kwekomkhulu Red Army. Kwesi sikhundla, Egorov wahlala ingxelo ixesha elide. umsebenzi yakhe yonke yayibandakanya sasingahlali ndawonye kwaye ukutshintsha imisebenzi. Chief of Staff, wahlala de 1935, xa athe waba eyiNtloko Staff Jikelele.

Ilitye kutshatyalaliswa

NgoMeyi 1937, eSoviet Union, Marshal Egorov wagxothwa kwisikhundla oyiNtloko le-General Abasebenzi Red Army (yena indawo yi Boris Shaposhnikov). Alexander Ilyich waba uSekela Commissar lezoKhuselo. Ngowe-1937, utshintsho emkhosini wathabatha umlinganiswa abaninzi. Kungekudala kwacaca ukuba Njengengabula ukuba uthe eyoyikekayo Red Army. Kwimeko olu cingwana imeko yezopolitiko eYurophu (eJamani, amaNazi wangumlawuli, kumazwe yongxowankulu ukuthatha iindawo, i-World Old ke ekugqibeleni isondela imfazwe enkulu) Stalin wagqiba ukucoca i-Red Army.

Kuvuthelwa engundoqo wawa phezu kwabo benze imisebenzi yabo kwi War Civil. Kule 30, aba bantu ahlala kwezithuba eziphambili kwi-Red Army. sengqondo sabo Stalin waba kolwabelo olungalinganiyo. "Citizen" Amaqhawe na ngeminyaka Koba, banalo ilungelo yokuziphatha ukuba lisithathe kuyo njengoko ngowokuqala phakathi lokulinganisa. Stalin wakha ukulawulwa. umkhosi ngiyaziqhenya ezizimeleyo ndoyika kuye. Le Blekhlista waba Stalin kunye Marshal Egorov. "Family" ye'Bolsheviks zakudala, KuloMgabuli imisele ngexesha leMfazwe Civil, kwixesha elidlulileyo. Okokuqala ngayo egorova wawa phantsi ukugxeka yoluntu yinkokeli. Emva koko kwafika yihakinto lokwenene.

Ziyahlelwa umncedisi kunyaka wakhe wokugqibela kwakukho esiveza amaxhoba luvalo kaStalin. Egorov ngendlela otshintsha izithuba ezintsha, ngaphantsi ezibonakalayo kunye ebalulekileyo. NgoJanuwari 1938, waba enyanisweni a link. Yegorov wathunyelwa wabayalela Transcaucasian Military District. Yaba intshukumo eqhelekileyo kukaStalin. Ngokomzekelo, ngaphambi kokuba ukubulawa Tukhachevsky wathumela nje kummandla iVolga.

Nangona Yegorov wathabatha izinto eCaucasus, eMoscow phezu kwakhe nzulu ngamafu yokugqibela. February 8, 1938, wabanjwa umfazi wakhe Galina Tseshkovsky. Umfazi Marshala egorova waba lixhoba yendalo orhwaqelisayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-NKVD lokuqala bathatha usapho abaphezulu yabantu, nto leyo yayisinceda uphawu emnyama.

ngoFebruwari 21 eMoscow wabiza Marshal Egorov. Umfazi ubanjiwe, kodwa amashwa yaba sisiqalo wentshabalalo kweentsapho zomkhosi. Aleksandra Ilicha wavalelwa ikomkhulu ngoMatshi 27. Waye wathunyelwa Lubyanka. Kukho ilejendi engaqinisekiswanga ukuba ngoJulayi 1938 yaBantu Commissar of the NKVD Yezhov ukuya uStalin kuluhlu olulandelayo kwizikrelemnqa. Yaba 139 amagama kweli phepha. Stalin bavumelana ukudutyulwa 138, kodwa watsho phandle igama Egorov. Basem- ihlala ayaziwa, yintoni isizathu sokuba esi sigqibo. Enye indlela okanye omnye, kodwa Marshal Egorov, iifoto leyo kwaphela ukuvela amanqaku amaphephandaba, waphila entolongweni ezinye iinyanga ezintandathu.

February 22, 1939 Ephakamileyo iNkundla Chamber of eSoviet Ephakamileyo wabhengeza isigwebo kwimeko emkhosini. Marshall watyholwa yokulungiselela iyelenqe yomkhosi kunye zaseMelika. INkundla wafunyanwa enetyala egorova. Yalelani wadutyulwa ngosuku olulandelayo. Kwaba ngoFebruwari 23 - uSuku oluBomvu Army kunye Navy.

Kunye ne Egorov Wabunikela ubomi babo, iingcali ezininzi. Kwisiza yeqela le-High Umyalelo we-Red Army kwasekwa ndingabi enkulu. Iziphumo uthe emkhosini abachaphazelekayo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Sele 1941, Enkulu Patriotic War. Naso xa lizwe waziva ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo loo. Phantse onke amalungu Team aqeshwa ukusuka ulutsha untried kunye ngequbuliso. Stalin, akuhlaselwa clinical malunga lidubule intyantyambo yomkhosi wakhe, eshiya ngaphandle yolondolozo yabasebenzi. Isiphumo sale ithuba babe ilahleko enkulu inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala Enkulu Patriotic War. Ebudeni balo lonke Wesithathu kwi-Red Army wayeswele izakhono kunye namava Aleksandra egorova.