Umthetho Total IsiNgesi. Imithombo of Law IsiNgesi

WoMntu a kwezentlalo. Oko kukuthi, ukuba unako khona kuphela ngaphakathi eluntwini. Abantu Kusenokwenzeka zingalahleka ngaphandle phambi zonxibelelwano. Ukusebenzisana kwabantu namhlanje musa usoloko ngaphaya intetho nje.

Unxibelelwano kwinkulungwane xxi - na ubudlelwane noluntu ezikumila eyahlukileyo. Kulo mzekelo, olu hlobo impefumlelwano abantu kuyo yonke indawo kufuneka ilungiswe. Ngalo lonke ixesha elininzi uluntu luthe lwafuna umnxibelelanisi kakhulu ngempumelelo ubudlelwane noluntu. Ngexesha uphendlo iye izame inani elikhulu kumaziko ahlukeneyo. Eyokuqala baba ubundlobongela kunye nonqulo. Eyona ngxaki wabo nokungakwazi ukulawula phantsi kweemeko ezithile.

Umzekelo, kuphela ngabantu thathaka baphenjelelwe esebenzisa ugonyamelo, kodwa unqulo enza izinto amakholwa. Noko ke, Regulator lobudlelwane noluntu nangoku wafunyanwa. Yaba umthetho. Eli ziko sele savela enamandla kangangokuba kwinkulungwane xxi ibe ngomnye engundoqo. Kodwa ilungelo inemisebenzi umdla. Ngokomzekelo, umhlaba, kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi oko, enye yazo ungumthetho IsiNgesi. Lubonakala sisenzo kwindawo ethile, kwaye isakhiwo ethile kunye nemithombo.

Ekunene: ingqiqo jikelele

Institute of zomthetho, yezopolitiko, yezentlalo, okanye ezinye uhlobo usoloko a ingqiqo kunye nesakhiwo ethile. umthetho IsiNgesi kule meko walihlumela ilungelo ngohlobo lwayo ubhedu. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba ukuhlola kakuhle zonke ukutyhilwa kwenkqubo yezomthetho eBritish Isles, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela indawo yayo ekuqaleni. Oko kukuthi, kufuneka wazi ukuba yintoni na elungileyo.

Le nto iye ixabiso kwenkqubo kwemimiselo yezomthetho, leyo akhuselwe kwaye aqinisekiswe kurhulumente, yaye iya ezikubophelela ngokupheleleyo bonke abantu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe, ilungelo kwilizwe ngalinye kuboniswe ngokohlobo inkqubo, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, iqulathe inkcubeko zomthetho, ukuphaphama kunye nokufezekiswa.

Iimpawu eziphambili ekunene

Nayiphi na isenzeko esemthethweni iphawulwa eziliqela iimpawu ezithile. Xa ke sithetha ngqo malunga nomthetho, ngoko kananjalo kukho awohluke yayo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uluntu lwenzululwazi akukho ndlela eqhelekileyo kwi imiqondiso komlawuli yonxulumano loluntu. Nakuba kunjalo, kukho iqela lemisebenzi esemqoka efanayo, nto leyo evumela ubukho abaninzi. Inoku engqondweni, i-mpawu zilandelayo ephambili okuluphawu ilungelo, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• yonke inkqubo migaqo iseti banal imithetho yokuziphatha, nto leyo eliqhelekileyo kubantu abaninzi;
• ubhalo uwunikela uthi inkqubo imigangatho akunika bonke kunye neminye imirhumo;
• uRhulumente uqinisekisa ilungelo amanyathelo ngokumisela sezomthetho;
• ilungelo lokuvakalisa ingqondo kunye nentando yabantu;
• inkqubo imithetho ezivakaliswe kwimigaqo zomthetho.

Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba iimpawu thaca zezona zakudala. Oko kukuthi, ukuba nazo uphawu kuwo onke amasebe yomthetho yamandulo.

umthetho IsiNgesi: ingqiqo

Ngoko ke, siye safumanisa ukuba yintoni na uhlobo classical zolawulo ezisemthethweni yonxulumano noluntu. umthetho IsiNgesi kulo mzekelo - yinkqubo lwemithetho mandatory eNgilani naseWales, leyo kwasekwa ngokwembali yaye uneempawu zawo.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba sikhokelo somthetho enjalo yinxalenye ngumqolo amazwe amaninzi afana USA, UK kunye namanye amazwe Commonwealth. umthetho IsiNgesi kuwo wonke loo mmandla phantsi kolawulo iintlanga UK. Kulo mzekelo, ngokwenene lisebenza kude kube namhlanje.

Imbali ukuvela umthetho IsiNgesi

Inkqubo lokusekwa kwenkqubo nemimiselo yomthetho i-British Isles kukho inani elikhulu iimpawu kwayo. Okokuqala, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba umthetho "e IsiNgesi" yabunjwa kude eYurophu. Oko kukuthi, loo nto ayenzi sisinde utshintsho rhoqo ezithe ngokuxhomekeke kwiinkqubo zomthetho kumazwe amaninzi yezwekazi. Ukongeza, umthetho IsiNgesi lonke ubukho bayo, ukuba baziqhelanise neemfuno ezingundoqo zoluntu.

inkqubo yezomthetho British yaba ingongoma eqala ngo-1189. Ukususela ngoko, amatyala enkundla uthabathe ngohlobo umthetho amandla, kwaye ubume yonke iphela uba jikelele, kuphela tsivilisticheskoy.

mbali abaninzi angafuna ukuba nempembelelo enkulu phezu ukuyilwa ilungelo leBritani ukuba Norman ukoyisa of England.

Ngapha koko, olu hlanga wangena ummandla isiqithi eninzi ngamaziko ahlukeneyo esemthethweni ekhoyo unanamhla.

Intsebenziswano kunye nezinye iinkqubo kunye nempembelelo kuzo

umthetho IsiNgesi oqhelekileyo ngamaxesha onke kuchaphazela izakhiwo esemthethweni kwamanye amazwe. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba UK kudala yenye amagunya enkulu lobukoloniyali. Ngaloo ndlela, phezu izifundo ezininzi, wenza umthetho imimandla IsiNgesi ngohlobo yawo ephambili. Kwanasemva kokuba ngokuwa kwenkqubo lobukoloniyali, amazwe amaninzi kuqhubeka niziqonda umthetho British njengesiseko lwezixokelelwano zabo zomthetho. Umzekelo, iinkundla Australia ngokufanelekileyo usebenzisa ngeendibano abasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo yaseBritani. Imizekelo ezinjalo, zininzi.

Kukwakho intsebenziswano phakathi komthetho IsiNgesi kazwelonke kunye namashishini jikelele. Ngelo xesha linye icala baseBritane isikhundla ngokucacileyo kwisicelo kwemigangatho Supra-yesizwe. Ngokutsho komthetho UK, iinkundla angasebenzisa imbonakalo ngamazwe imithetho kuphela ukuba babhaliswa ngqo kwi izenzo zangaphakathi kaRhulumente. Umzekelo, amalungelo oluntu ngomthetho IsiNgesi zilawulwa yimithetho kwiNgqungquthela yaMazwe ngaMazwe neNkululeko Esisiseko kunye nezibonelelo Human Rights Act, eyapapashwa ngo-1998. Kulo mzekelo, kuqala inikwa imithetho yokugqibela kuxwebhu olumisiweyo.

ulwahlulo lwamacandelo lobume esemthethweni British

I IsiNgesi inkqubo yezomthetho sakhiwa inani elikhulu lwamashishini. Ngu umzekeliso isakhiwo yelizwekazi yomthetho shishino uMthetho nobudlelwane kwezentlalo ezikumila eyahlukileyo. Ukongeza, ngamnye kubo eziliqela iimpawu ezithile eyeyabo. Umzekelo, umthetho mthetho IsiNgesi Kwandile livela imithetho jikelele le nkqubo. Njengoko ngokuba ngamacala kufuneka izinto ezimbini, nayo, lubonakala ngeempawu njengenjongo luluvo izinto azenzileyo. Eyona iphambili ishishini mthetho IsiNgesi kukungabikho kwisenzo uhlelwe.

Kukho nezinye ushishino esemthethweni kwinkqubo yaseBritani, umzekelo:

• umthetho-siseko;
• umthetho solawulo;
• kwicandelo yabasebenzi, njalo njalo. n.

ubambene Uninzi kuluntu lwezenzululwazi umthetho civil IsiNgesi. Ngenxa yokuba ubukho kwayo kwiimeko ezininzi ukuyithenga nje.

Ezi nkcukacha yomthetho civil IsiNgesi

umthetho Civil eNgilani - lishishini non-amadoda alwa nawe. Oko kukuthi, loo nto thaca kwifomu apho yayifudula ukubona abantu belizwe lethu. Kwi-UK kukho ukwahlulwa yemveli kwenkqubo yezomthetho kwi labucala kunye nomthetho yoluntu ngokubanzi. Ubuhlobo uluntu, Kakade ke, abantu olulawulwayo. Ukuba ujonga umthetho IsiNgesi yoluntu kunye kwicala imfundiso, kwaye iqulathe la maziko yamandulo zilandelayo: impahla, izivumelwano kunye torts.

amalungelo Property emthethweni IsiNgesi ngawo onke amaxesha ukuba baqaphela ngokukodwa. Namhla siyazi ukuba ummiselo impahla abanemvume waba bhetyebhetye ngokwaneleyo. Eli ziko sele ngaloo mihla belahlulwe uhlobo wokwenene labucala. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uninzi iziphumo omthetho amalungelo oluntu ezikhoyo ifomu rhoqo nembali.

Imithombo of Law IsiNgesi

Njengoko namanye amalungiselelo amaninzi kwenkqubo yezomthetho yaseBritani, isiseko sayo Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba imithombo inkqubo yezwekazi lethu. Okukodwa kulo mzekelo kukho ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, indima enkulu kangangoko edlalwe luphuhliso zembali kude kwiimpembelelo zwekazi. Ngapha koko, umthetho IsiNgesi ibisoloko savela ngokuzimeleyo. Yokuba nempembelelo nangokwamkela kwinkqubo yomthetho yamaRoma.

Ngenxa yoko, ezinkulu umthetho IsiNgesi ukuya kumhla imithombo zilandelayo:

• isandulela lwenkundla;
• izenzo (imithetho);
• amasiko.

aba imithombo adweliswe ukuze lokubalwa kwabo. Njengoko ubona, isitshixo umthetho IsiNgesi ibuyise Zibe egwebayo.

Umzekelo - umthombo yenkqubo British

inkqubo yezeejaji eNgilani ngawo onke amaxesha, uphumelele emva indima enkulu. Xa umongo wayo, umzekelo - yinto sigqibo sebhunga ophakamileyo, besenza ubulungisa, nto leyo luya kwamkelwa kwaye ingasetyenziswa xa kuqwalaselwa iimeko ezifanayo.

Loo indima ephambili ngenxa kanye imfundiso umzekelo umthetho IsiNgesi. Ngokutsho kwakhe, ukukhuselwa inkundla usoloko kubaluleke ngaphezu uninzi kwinkqubo yomthetho. Kulo mzekelo, oku kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izigqibo amagunya kakhulu kwezomthetho okunene ukuxabiseka kwemithetho. Kulo mzekelo, kuba kakhulu lula kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa ngaphezu imimiselo nemimiselo esemthethweni. Ngapha koko, eyona engamarhoqorhoqo ngaphandle umzekelo, ngokuchaseneyo imiqathango nemithetho. umthombo wasungula nkcazelo evela imisebenzi mandla ezifana neNdlu yeeNkosi yeziBheno, kunye kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo.

Indima komthetho nomthetho IsiNgesi

izenzo olumisiweyo zezona mthombo yesibini ibalulekileyo yonke inkqubo yaseBritani. Kumazwe umthetho lizwekazi, kungenisa ngasekunene. Translation ibe ngendlela IsiNgesi kakhulu abantu abayijikayo loo mgaqo. Kwi-UK, umthetho (okanye imimiselo, njengoko zibizwa) ezamkelwayo, njengoko umthetho, ngenxa yokuba urhulumente igunya yiPalamente. Kulo mzekelo, Imithetho yonke inkqubo, nayo leyo ibandakanya amaxwebhu phantsi. Noko ke, impefumlelwano imithetho kileyo eNgilani wenza lula. Kwiimeko ezininzi, imimiselo migangatho ifuna ukuqinisekisa nengcaciso. Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, imithetho umthetho la ezicacileyo, leyo ezendeleyo izandulela.

umthetho IsiNgesi nesiko

Ukongeza kule mithombo iphambili yenkqubo yezomthetho IsiNgesi, kukho kwakhona minor. Leyo isiko ngokusemthethweni. Kwi-UK, kukho iintlobo ezimbini kule meko. Uhlobo lokuqala - i izithethe siseko. Benza kwagqama indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo karhulumente yonke. Emva kokuba izithethe siseko yachaza kwisakhono noorhulumente. Uhlobo lwesibini amasiko elawula ubudlelwane ekuhlaleni kwimvelo ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa kukho ezinye iinkalo. Isibakala sokuba eli siko kwi-UK ziza kuqwalaselwa ukuba ngaba i, umlinganiswa yamandulo yamandulo. Kwakhona kwahlukile ngeendlela ezininzi ukusuka kwinkqubo IsiNgesi yomthetho Continental.

isiphelo

Ngenxa yoko, siye sahlolisisa ilungelo 'e IsiNgesi. " Le nkqubo esemthethweni kwifomu yalo weklasiki akukho nucleoside ngqo ehlabathini. umthetho IsiNgesi kangangeenkulungwane eziliqela ilandelelana ngempumelelo silawula ubudlelwane zentlalo eluntwini. Ngoko ke, abaninzi ithi kubalulekile ukuphawula iinzuzo inkqubo endala hlobo ukuze kuphuculwe nezakhiwo zawo ngokusemthethweni.