Lokubanga

Ubulungisa kwi Russian Federation ngokutsho siseko olwenziwa ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yomthetho: embambano, lolwaphulo-mthetho,-siseko kunye nezolawulo.

Amatyala kulawulwa ngumthetho yoluntu kunye nolamlo. Ngako oko, le nkqubo ukusombulula amatyala ekubhekiswe embambano okanye kwiinkqubo kulamlo lokugqibela. elinye icala - ethile, echazwe kwaye kulawulwa ngumthetho yoluntu imisebenzi onke amalungu ayo, kuquka ukusebenza imizimba yazo nezigwebo.

Imigaqo esisiseko yenkqubo yoluntu yile ilandelayo:

• nokulingana yonke phambi kwentendelezo kunye nomthetho;
• ukukwazi ukukhusela amalungelo abo ndingade hayi liyathintelwa ngumthetho;
• ilungelo jikelele ukuya inviolability iimfihlakalo (usapho kunye), ukhuseleko, ukhuselo isidima nembeko
• ithuba lokonwabela ngexesha lenkqubo ngolwimi lwabo.

Ityala - ezimbalwa ezilandelayo elimele amalungu ayo ahlukeneyo, iseti idibene amanyathelo yenkqubo ijoliswe ekufezekiseni iinjongo ezithile.

Ezi zigaba zezi:

- Ukuqaliswa kweengxoxo kwityala lembambano;

- kulungiselelwa yayo ngenxa yamatyala;

- zomthetho ;

- ukunyanzelwa komyalelo wenkundla;

- isimangalo kwinkundla izenzeko yesibini yaye zisongamela;

- ngokutsha isigwebo omtsha (open) iimeko.

Ukuva ayisoloko imi ndlela uhamba onke la manqanaba. Kodwa ezintathu zokuqala inyanzelekile, nabanye ilahlekelwa xa zifuneka.

Ityala lwenziwa ngokungqinelana ngokwemiqathango ebekwe yi-mthetho. Amatyala embambano ingqalelo ngokusemthethweni kwaye zisonjululwe kwithuba emva kweenyanga-2 ukusukela kumhla isicelo, kunye ngabagwebi emibingelelo - kwinyanga enye. Amatyala mayela isondlo kunye nokubuyiselwa umsebenzi yoconjululwa ingaphelanga inyanga enye.

Kuya kuqhutywa enkundleni apho umntu obandakanyekayo kuyo ngokuyimfuneko kwaziswa kwangethuba.

Ityala iqala noviwo zithini ngohlobo lwengxelo okanye Ijaji. Emva koko, dlulela ukufumanisa ukuba ingaba kummangali ixhasa zonke iimfuno ezichazwe ngaphambili, ukuba bayaluqonda ummangalelwa, kwakunye ucacise ukuba awufuni ngapha nangapha ukugqiba isivumelwano yi kulendawo.

Inkundla ngoko eweva ummangali, ummangalelwa, kunye nenxaxheba amaqela zabo wesithathu, kwakunye nabanye ababandakanyekayo kule nkqubo. Aba bantu ikhondo layo ukubuza imibuzo ngalinye enye.

Ukuba isicelo luya ezikhoyo kubungqina kwaphunyezwa, inkundla usenokumisela ingcali.

Emva kokuhlolisisa bonke obo bungqina, igosa elongameleyo uyemka ukucacisa abanye abathathi-nxaxheba zenkqubo, ukuba unqwenela hayi ukuba ukunika ingcaciso engaphezulu. Ukuba iingxelo abanjalo ziyalandelwa, uviwo zithini ingqalelo epheleleyo.

Le bagqiba ukubongoza kwetyala, nto leyo nxaxheba kwimeko intetho kunye nabameli babo. Isenzo sokuqala iqala nommangali kunye ummeli wakhe, emva kwabo - ummangalelwa kunye ummeli wakhe. Ilungelo basivumela yokugqibela emva kwengxoxo isoloko kunikwa ummangalelwa.

Kukho iindidi ezifana leenkqubo njenge ummangali; amatyala kokuqhubeka ezizodwa; evela nobuDlelwane; amatyala abandakanya njengabaphambukeli; kunjalo umngeni izigqibo ezenziwa yamatyala arbitral, kwaye kukhutshwe writs ekwenzeni izigqibo kwezi nkundla phantsi ngokunyanzelwa.

Ityala ijolise ncedo (nje ngokungqinelana nemiqathango) kunye nelungelo kumatyala embambano, ukukhuselwa kwamalungelo baphula, izinto kunye nenkululeko, nokuqinisa ulawulo lomthetho kunye nokunqanda ulwaphulo-mthetho.