UHarald Fairhair: ibhayografi soKumkani wokuqala Norway

Lokuqala King of Norway uHarald Fairhair walawula iminyaka 872-930. Wahlanganisa phantsi kolawulo lwakhe iqela lokuqala usilwa Viking kwaye balungiselela ukuhamba eziliqela elwandle ukuya ngasentshona. Eyaqala nge uHarald yayilawulwa eNorway de 1319 (kwakunye Denmark ngo-1042 -. 1047 gg).

Race amandla

UHarald Fairhair wazalwa ngo-850, unyana ka-Halfdan Black - Westfold of King. Uyise wasweleka xa inkwenkwe wayeneminyaka elishumi ubudala. Nangona uHarald stauros, nomkhosi wakhe nomalume wakhe wabaleka imicimbi karhulumente Guthorm. Amaninzi ookumkani baqalisa ukuba ningavumeli ubunini Halfdan, kodwa boyiswa naye.

Emva kokuba ukuvuthwa, uHarald Fairhair wabeka usukelo ukudibanisa lonke ilizwe belizwe lakhe. Njengelifa ivela uyise wakwazi kumzantsi-mpuma Norway mihla, kodwa wayefuna ngakumbi. Ngowe-872, uHarald wenza imfazwe kwi ookumkani balayo baqaphele ubukhosi Fairhair. Yaba umphathi Herdlanda Eirik, umlawuli Rogaland Sulki kunye Hadd kwagxininiswa yaye edakumbile Hroald of Telamerka. Bonke aba ookumkani zadibana ukuze soyisa unyana oselula Halfdan the Black.

Ukumkani yokuqala Norway

Emva ukuhlangana amabutho zabo Drakkar, uHarald Fairhair banduluka, badlula unxweme Norway ukuya ngasemazantsi-ntshona - xa intliziyo nempahla abachasi bakhe. Kwidabi kwenzeka Havrsforde - enye elinamachweba yonxweme, apho namhlanje xa kukhunjulwa edabini ebalulekileyo kukho lesikhumbuzo. isiphumo isigqibo kwempi yokuguguma ukuhlasela berserker - amajoni, owayesakuba amalungu babezinikele uthixo kwedin imfazwe. La Marine i gagasi komsindo watshayela kwizintlu abachasi, ebakhokela kukududuzela.

Ngoko ke igosa lathi Fairhair iphumelele uloyiso ibalulekileyo ebomini bam. iintshaba zakhe zabulawa okanye wabaleka. Norway ayisa yenqaba amandla kuphela kule Viking uselula. Ngo-872, waba ngukumkani wokuqala eNorway.

Journey ukuya eNtshona

Xa uHarald eNorway baqalisa ukuhlala kwintsimi ezingaphuhliswanga ngaphambili. amaphondo ezintsha ziye kakuhle - kunye Helsingyaland Yamtaland. Ngelo xesha belizwe bakhe bafumanisa amazwe ezazingaziwa - Faroe Islands kunye Iceland. Emva Korol uHarald Fairhair weza ngamandla, ekubalekeni kwakhe lizwe, hayi kuphela abachasi bakhe, kodwa nazo zonke iintlobo amasela, ezingelwa ukuphanga. La Vikings yoconjululwa kwesesikweni Orkney Islands. ihlobo nganye sadlala behlasela eNorway, ibangela umonakalo omkhulu nenani labantu bebonke.

Okokuqala uHarald ukulwela ilizwe labo, kanye ngonyaka, ukuqokelela amajoni kunye namaZiko ovavanyo konxweme lolwandle, apho yomelele ngaphezu kwabo bonke ubunzima ukusuka wabaphangi. Nangona kunjalo, esi sicwangciso waba angasebenzi. Ekugqibeleni, Viking uHarald Fairhair wahlanganisa umkhosi kunye waselwandle, waya kuLwandle Koloni. Wayesilwa Orkney Islands, apho batshatyalaliswa bonke abasabileyo bakwaEfrayim. Emva koko lo baseNorway baya eScotland kwaye i-Isle of Man. Kuphangwa wabanika eninzi kudliwe. Ngenxa kwiphulo ngempumelelo kunye nokufunyanwa kumazwe ezintsha uHarald ngcembe komeleza amandla akhe.

Nixabana abantwana

UHarald wamisa namabamba awo kumaphondo kuphela abantu abaninzi abazinikeleyo nezingqinekayo. Akufani oonyana bakhe. Zizi kubo upstarts abo ke andingowawo indlu yakomkhulu. Qho ngonyaka, bonke oonyana nokufunwa ilifa likayise. Inzalo uHarald abaninzi (ngokwe kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, malunga nama-20).

Xa oonyana ababini Gudred Halfdan yaye siqokelele squad enkulu, ngesiquphe bahlaselwa Jarl Regnvalda. Indlu yatshiswa kwirhuluneli (apho wafela abantu 60) kunye zokuhlala baphanga. UHarald kwafuneka ukuba aye kulwa noonyana babo, abaqalise kubulawa ngenxa yenkani yabo. Gudred azinikela kuyise, waza wathunyelwa Agdir.

Omnye koonyana uHarald Regnvald Pryamonogy, owayelawula e Hadalande, waqalisa ukuba abandakanyeke ebugqwirheni imilingo. King kuthiywa ngabantu abazenza nabenzi. Yobuhedeni ukholo Scandinavians yabangela izenzo ezininzi nemimoya. Bona wakhuthaza lwasuswa kunye nababingeleli. UKumkani uHarald Fairhair ingqalelo aba bantu uba-. Wathuma unyana wakhe ayithandayo uEric Bloodaxe aye Hadaland nokohlwaya Regnvalda. Indlalifa ngokwenene waya elifeni umninawa wakhe, waza wayitshisa kunye nenye somfundisi 80 nabakhafuli.

lizwe profile

Malunga 900, xa uHarald wayeneminyaka engama-50 ubudala, wabiza Nto (yaBantu Assembly). Wathetha into yokwenza iindlalifa ezininzi ukumkani. Kaki kulindeleke, bonke oonyana babesabelwa izihloko bakaKumkani kunye nelifa eNorway. Ngoko ke igosa lathi ezikhuselekileyo ngokusemthethweni umyalelo feudal kunye ukuqhekezwa nekamva lelizwe.

Ngokutsho isigqibo Nto, apho yazinyaswa ngabo bonke abantu abanomdla abantu simahla eNorway, isihloko kaKumkani wafumana nje kuphela abantwana, kodwa yonke imbewu yokumkani. Amakhwenkwe kumgca imazi waba yarlami. UHarald wathembela abantwana isiqingatha ingeniso kayise emizini yabo. nyana uthandwayo kaKumkani Eirik elika applet Igazi. Lo yindlalifa Wayesoloko ecaleni kuyise, emva kokufa kwakhe waba ulawulo eNorway.

Ukubulawa unyana ka uHarald

UHarald Abantwana wafumana ilifa labo, bamthuthuzela ikratshi lakhe. Noko ke, ubudlelwane phakathi kubo bumuncu. Unyana kakumkani Bjorn wamiselwa yirhuluneli yephondo, nekomkhulu yayo Vestfold Tunsberg Township. Wabaleka ke urhwebo ophezulu, kuba abasamkelayo isiteketiso zabathengisi olwandle.

Ngenye imini emva kohambo kumazwe empuma Eirik wabuyela uyise ezweni Bjorn. Lo mzalwana omdala ifuna ukuba akunike irhafu abancinane ilungiselelwe sipaji uluntu. Oku ezichasene siko. Ngokuqhelekileyo Wamgxotha Bjorn irhafu wathumela kuyise nokuba namadoda akhe. Noko ke, Eirik zange awukhathalele - kwafuneka ukuchitha imali eninzi ukuze lo mbutho kunye nesiqulatho kwiphulo lokugqibela. Phakathi abazalwana impi. Imbambano yaphela xa Eirik, ayesahluka nephuku, waziqhekeza kunye squad echanekileyo ekhayeni Bjorn, wabulala matiloshe kunye Viking yakhe ekufuphi. UHarald abaDala akazange amohlwaye, unyana omkhulu.

Kukulahlwa nokufa

Ngowe-930 uHarald wayeneminyaka engama-80 ubudala. Ngenxa yobudala bakhe, yena waphila ixesha elide kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, lo mlawuli waya inyathelo engaqhelekanga kumaXesha Aphakathi - wawunika isithsaba unyana wakhe, ngoxa ukuba usaphila. Ukwenza Erik ukumkani uHarald waya kwilifa lakhe Rogaland. New njengoko solusapho abaneminyaka kwintsapho enkulu wafumana ekuzalweni umzukulwana wakhe, wamthiya igama uyisemkhulu lakhe. Kwiminyaka emininzi kamva wayeza kuba nguKumkani zezintsu Norway uHarald II Grey. Umntwana bamkela iimpawu ezininzi Fairhair.

UHarald I wafa kwiminyaka emithathu emva shela yakhe 933, wangcwatywa kwidolophu Haugare. Namhlanje, engekude kwiziganga ecaweni. Ukuya emntla-ntshona ke udonga lokungqinga, bangcwabe ukumkani wokuqala eNorway.

Igalelo uHarald

YaseScandinavia uHarald Fairhair kunye Ragnar Lodbrok - abalawuli edume zamaXesha Aphakathi ekuqaleni. Eyokuqala yaba ukumkani eNorway, kwaye eyesibini - Denmark. Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane IX - ixesha imvelaphi sokumiswa kula mazwe. Kwiikumkani baba iinkokheli zabantu zabo emanxuweni nkqubo yesizwe endala.

UKumkani uHarald Fairhair kunye Ragnar Lodbrok zicinezelwa ngamandla naziphi na izenzo separatism. Ikamva kwabonisa ukuba ukumkani aphakathi yaseScandinavia babemanyene kuphela kwimeko xa umlawuli akuhloniphe zonke izinduna. Ezinye ezihlangwini uHarald baba ngookumkani ababuthathaka kunye namava. Ngenxa yoku, Norway kwakhona kwaye kwakhona ngalo imfazwe yamakhaya. Kungenxa yoko le nto ixesha uHarald kwi ezingqondweni mass kwabantu kuthathwa ukuba ngexesha emangalisayo, ukumkani ngamnye wazama ukuba alingane kuwo.

Imbali aphakathi eNorway wanika inzala amaqhawe ezininzi kunye nabalinganiswa ezithandwayo imisebenzi yobugcisa. Phakathi kwazo kunye uHarald Fairhair. Abaku kwakwizizukulwana ezahlukeneyo wadlala ngayo yimveliso eziliqela. Ngokomzekelo, yaba eSoviet-Norwegian film "Yaye amatye imithi ikhula" ngo-1985, kunye nothotho mihla Irish-Canadian "The Vikings".