Gregory Kotovsky: biography, iifoto

Ixesha wotshintsho kunye imfazwe yamakhaya yabangela Amaqhawe ezininzi Soviet. Omnye wabo Gregory Kotovsky. Ngobomi yale babantu izele amagophe ezibukhali: yena umenzi wobubi yena, amajoni kunye revolution.

ebuntwaneni

Juni 24, 1881 kwilali encinane aseMoldova Kotovskiy Grigoriy Ivanovich wazalelwa phantsi kwegama lo Gancheshty. biography emfutshane revolution akakwazi ukwenza imshiye imvelaphi yayo. Nangona Kotovsky wazalwa kule lali aseMoldova, waba Russian (uyise Russified Pole, kunye nomama wakhe - Nee Russian). Lo mntwana kwakude kudala ngabazali bakhe, yaye ngo-16 ubudala waba wayeyinkedama.

Inkwenkwe ndasiwa kwimfundo ummeli wakhe. Le ndoda ke ibisisityebi kunye namandla. Wanceda Kotovsky ufumane imfundo, wamthuma naye ukufunda kwiikholeji Kokorozenskoe an isazi. Kwakhona Guardian wahlawula zonke iindleko zendawo yokuhlala kunye noqeqesho.

Kwihlabathi mthetho

Xa XIX kade - ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX. intshukumo Russian revolution bafumana ukunyuka yayo elandelayo. Andikwazanga kuzibamba kodwa uzibandakanye kunye UGrigory Kotovsky kuso. Biography bakhe episode ngokupheleleyo ulutsha iintlanganiso kunye nentsebenziswano kunye Social mbuso. Kuyinto ukuba owafaka uthando amazwe Kotovsky. Phakathi abalweli mfana bagqiba ekubeni bayeke humdrum yobomi.

Ngelo xesha, ukuba angabi Umbaxi, yobusoshiyali. Kwakhe kunokuba Isenokuchazwa njengomntu ebambekayo kakhulu, hayi ubunzima nemigaqo. Emva kokuphumelela Kotovskij umzuzwana wayesebenza wemihlaba kumaphondo aseMoldova kunye Ukrainian. Noko ke, wabaqalayo naphi akazange andinakuzilibazisa elide. amaphupha akhe akazange bachukumise iingcinga umsebenzi okuqaqambileyo.

Ukususela ngo-1900, ngokuba amatyala olungephi mthetho zicaciswa rhoqo Gregory Kotovsky wabanjwa. Ngobomi yale ndoda kwazeka ehlabathini lolwaphulo-Russia. Xa imfazwe Russian-Japanese, Kotovsky ubudala kunye nobume bempilo kwafuneka ukuba aye ngaphambili. Okokuqala, Noko ke, yena ezimvuleni ofisi isosha emkhosini, yaye xa ekugqibeleni yathinjwa wathumela Kostroma elihamba webutho, eyeke ngempumelelo ukusuka apho.

Umphangi odumileyo

Ngaloo ndlela baqalisa ubomi-umphangi Kotovsky. Wahlanganisa ngeenxa band ngokwenene, yaye kangangeminyaka eliqela wayenza nokuphangwa. Kanye ngeli xesha revolution lokuqala lwesifo lizwe. Isiphithiphithi kwaye ubuthathaka amandla kumbuso inzuzo kuphela mthetho, ekwakukho phakathi Kotovskiy Grigoriy Ivanovich. biography emfutshane umaphuli iziqephu ezipheleleyo wokubopha emakhaya eSiberia. asinde ixesha ngasinye entolongweni waza wabuyela Odessa kunye engqongileyo iphondo lakhe.

Loo biography of Kotovskogo Grigoriya Ivanovicha Akumangalisi. Ngaphandle kokuba mthetho kunye nabavukeli onyelisa kolawulo tsarist waza wayibiza ngokuba "umxhomi", inkqubo ejele le bukhosi yaba sobuntu kakhulu. Bathinjwa kunye zazinza ngokulula ulibalekayo entolongweni. Abaninzi njengoko Kotovsky, wabanjwa izihlandlo eziliqela, kwaye nangoku ikhululwe ngaphambi kwexesha.

ukubanjwa Last Kotovskogo e Tsarist eRashiya kwenzeka ngo-1916. Ngenxa yokuphanga kunye ukuhlasela abaxhobileyo bagqithele iibhanki, wagwetywa ukufa. Biography of UGrigory Kotovsky ibonisa umfundi umzekelo womntu, lonke ixesha cwaka uhamba owomileyo emanzini. Kodwa ngoku ubomi bakhe babuphakathi kwenyama nozipho. Raider waqala ukuloba enguqukweni iincwadi eziya kwiziphathamandla.

Ngelo xesha sele kukho kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala. Kwindawo ukubanjwa Kotovskogo ngumgwebi Odessa enkundleni. Ngokwekhalenda umkhosi mthetho, oko ekwenza umyalelo ezikufuphi phambi-yaziwa jikelele Brussilov. It Alexey kwafuneka ukuba asayine isigwebo sokufa.

Kotovsky wayengekho ngenxa nto yaziwa ngekhono layo niphume zihlikihlana. Yena usebenzisa oonobumba usentlungwini Brusylov bacenga umfazi wakhe ukuba noxinzelelo umyeni wakhe. Jikelele, ukuphulaphula emfazini wakhe, ngexesha kumiswe isigwebo.

ngaphambili,

Okwangoku, sele iqalile 1917, kwaye nalo ke revolution ka February. Urhulumente interim wayethathe ukuba soxolelo ubunzima "zamaxhoba olawulo 'ngexesha yasebukhosini. Inkululeko Kotovskogo baze abanye abefundisi, kuquka Guchkov. Xa iNkulumbuso Kerensky wasayina ngokobuqu umthetho phezu uxolelo ye umphangi odumileyo, ukuba sele elungiselele ezimbalwa iintsuku bayazifica e Odessa.

Esi sixeko wayesondele ngaphambili. Ekugqibeleni, emva kweminyaka ubalekile ofisi wamajoni naye UGrigory Kotovsky. Biography kobokuqala mthetho gunfights rhoqo kwakhona - eli xesha kunye amaJamani kunye Austrians. Kuba isibindi phambili Kotovsky yena unyuselwe ibhanile kwaye wafumana George Cross. Emfazweni, wabuya waya Socialist-mbuso yaye baba yamaSekela amajoni.

Ngexesha leMfazwe Civil

Kodwa hayi elide akahlala emkhosini UGrigory Kotovsky. Brief biography yendoda eSoviet xesha kakhulu eziqhelekileyo magama umzekelo ekuguqukeni nesibindi. Xa ngo-Oktobha 1917 ngo Petrograd yamaBolshevik kombuso, bemke kwibhanile waba phakathi imfazwe yamakhaya. Kotovsky waba SR, kodwa ekuqaleni ingqalelo namahlakani lorhulumente omtsha.

Okokuqala, kukho Wayekade engumphangi walwa kwiyunithi, ebeyinalo Odessa eSoviet republic. Oku "umbuso" ezazikho iinyanga ezimbalwa, njengokuba ngokukhawuleza yathinjwa amabutho isiRomania. Kotovsky gqaba basaba eRashiya, kodwa emva konyaka wabuyela e Odessa. Eli xesha ke apha ngokungekho mthethweni, ekubeni isixeko ocande ezandleni ngurhulumente Ukrainian, nobutshaba urhulumente yiSoviet eMoscow.

Kamva ke aya iqela amahashe Kotovsky. Walwa imikhosi Denikin kunye Yudenich kwi ezantsi ukuya entla. Xa lokugqibela Inqanaba imfazwe yamakhaya, owayesakuba umphangi noxinzeleko umlimi uphakamo kunye Ukrainian sele kwintsimi, kuyindawo ngokupheleleyo ngurhulumente weSoviet.

ukufa

Ebudeni beminyaka yenkonzo neenkokheli ezininzi aphezulu yamaBolshevik wadibana UGrigory Kotovsky. Photo ekuguqukeni ngokufuthi eyele kumaphephandaba wamaKomanisi. Nangona elidluleyo wefilosofi, waba liqhawe. UMikhail Frunze (Abantu Commissar leMicimbi Military) wacela ukuba kuye isekela lakhe.

Noko ke, ngelo xesha ophilayo Kotovsky hayi ixesha elide. Yena wadutyulwa ngexesha leholide elunxwemeni Sea Black Agasti 6, 1925. Umbulali ilungu lemimoya Odessa Meyer Zayder.

Emngcwabeni waya Kotovskogo Amaqhawe Imfazwe Civil and bamashali elizayo eSoviet Union Budyonny kunye Yegorov. Victim abenziwe ngokomfanekiselo le yamangcwaba ka Lenin (inkokheli sabasebenzi ihlabathi wafa kunyaka phambi). Kotovsky waba ubhalo adumileyo lwemveli. Kumaxesha Soviet, igama lakhe wayesoloko ngokuba ezitratweni, iidolophu, njl D.