Imilinganiselo yokulawulwa kwemirhumo engekho kwemirhumo yomsebenzi welizwe langaphandle. Ukwahlulelwa kwamanyathelo angahlawulwanga

Urhulumente ngamnye ufuna ukuphuhlisa icandelo lesizwe. Kodwa le nto yenziwa njani? Ingxabano phakathi kwabameli bezokukhusela kunye nokurhweba kwamahhala ayinakuyeka iminyaka emininzi. Ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo amaxesha ahamba phambili ahlala ecaleni kwelinye icala okanye enye. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokulawula ukuhamba kwempahla yokungenisa ngaphandle: imisebenzi yamasiko kunye namanyathelo omgaqo-ntlawulo. Oku kulandelayo kuya kuxutyushwa kwinqaku.

Ukwahlulelwa kwamanyathelo angahlawulwanga

Umgaqo-nkqubo wezorhwebo kaZwelonke unokukhusela, ulungelelanise okanye uvule (ukhululekile). Oku kwahlukana ngamaqela kunxulumene, kodwa kunceda kakhulu ekuhlalutheni. Ukucacisa ukunyanzeliswa komgaqo-nkqubo wezorhwebo, kungekhona nje imisebenzi kunye neengcaphuno zithathwa ingqalelo, kodwa kwanamanyathelo omgaqo-nkqubo ongekho umrhumo owenziwe lizwe. Kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukubona kunye nokuxabisa, ngoko bayathandwa namhlanje. Amanyathelo alandelayo omgaqo-nkqubo ongekho umrhumo ahlukeneyo:

1. Ixabiso. Eli qela libandakanya ukungenisa izinto (ukucaphula) ukuthengiswa kweempahla, ukunikezelwa kweelayisenisi zokungena kwezinto eziphumayo neziphumayo kwaye kuthiwa "ukuzithandela" ngaphandle kwemimiselo.
2. Imilinganiselo efihliweyo yomthetho ongekho umrhumo. Eli qela liquka ukuthengwa kwezinto zentlalo, ukunikezelwa kweemfuno zomxholo wezakhiwo zendawo, ukuqaliswa kwemingcipheko yobugcisa, irhafu kunye nemirhumo. Amanyathelo afihliweyo omgaqo-nkqubo ongekho kwemirhumo enjongo yokungenisa ummiselo.
3. ZeMali. Eli qela liquka ukuxhaswa, ukuboleka abavelisi bakazwelonke kunye nokulahla. Izindlela zemali ziyakulawula ukuthumela izinto ngaphandle.

Oku kugqiba ngeendlela zoqoqosho ezingekho kwemirhumo. Ngokwahlukileyo, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa izixhobo zomthetho ezihlobene ngokuthe ngqo kumashishini angaphandle.

Ukulinganiswa kweendlela ezingekho kwemirhumo

Imithintelo eninzi, efihlakeleyo kunye neyezimali ayixabiswanga kakhulu, ngoko ke ayedla ngokumelwa kwi-data. Nangona kunjalo, amanqaku amaninzi aqhelekileyo asetyenziselwa ukulinganisa iindlela ezingekho kwiirhafu. Phakathi kwezona zidumileyo:

• Inkcazo yefayile. Ibonisa ukuba zininzi izinto eziphathekayo ezigqitywa ngamanyathelo angahlawulwanga. Ubuncedo beli khonkco lithuba lokuvavanya umgangatho wezithintelo usebenzisa. Nangona kunjalo, akuyi kuvumela ukulinganisa ukubaluleka kokubaluleka kweendlela ezisetyenziswayo kunye nefuthe labo kwizoqoqosho.
• Inkcazo yokuthengisa. Esi sibonakaliso sibonakalisa isabelo seendleko zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kunye nokungeniswa kwezinto, eziphantsi kwemingcele engekho yerhafu. Ingcipheko yayo kukuba ngokuqhelekileyo iyancipha igalelo lemimango engabonakaliyo.
• Inkcazo yempembelelo yexabiso. Esi sibonakaliso sibonisa ukuba iindlela ezinokuthi zihlawulwe njani zithintela uqoqosho. Ikwahlula umlinganiselo wehlabathi kunye namaxabiso asekhaya weempahla. Umgca wolu ngqungquthela kukuba awuthathi ingqalelo ukuba ixabiso lemarike alichaphazelekayo kuphela ngokungeniswa kwamanyathelo angenawo amanani, kodwa kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi.

Iindlela eziqhelekileyo

Imingcele eyimfuneko yolawulo yindlela yokulawula yomthetho ongekho umrhumo wolawulo lwezorhwebo nguRhulumente, obeka inani leempahla ezivunyelwe ukuthumela ngaphandle okanye ukungenisa. Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba isahlulo esibekiwe siba ngumqobo kuphela xa sifikelelwe. Intlawulo isoloko isebenzayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oorhulumente bakhetha ukhetho. Oku kubangelwa ukuba kulula kakhulu ukuseka ngokukhawuleza umthamo womyinge kunokubala ukuba yeyiphi imirhumo eya kubakho ukuthumela ngaphandle okanye ukungeniswa kwezi zinto eziyimfuneko. Izithintelo ezithintekayo zingafakwa zombini ngesigqibo sikaRhulumente welizwe elinye, kwaye ngenxa yezivumelwano ngezizwe ngezizwe ezilawula ukuthengiswa kwemveliso ethile. Ezi zibandakanya ii-quotas, ilayisenisi kunye "nokuzithandela" ngaphandle kwemimiselo.

Ukucaphula

Izindlela ezisuka kwinqanaba lokuqala lisetyenziswa rhoqo. Isiqingatha kunye nesigxina sinamagama afanayo. Ukwahlukana nje kuphela kukuba okwesibini unomthunzi wexesha lexesha. Isiqingatha sisilinganisi esingekho somrhumo esibandakanya ukukhawulelisa ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe okanye ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwexabiso elithile (umthamo). Kuxhomekeke kwisixa esithile. Ngenxa yesiseko sithumela ngaphandle nokungenisa. Amaxesha adlulileyo adla ngokuqaliswa ngokuhambelana nezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe okanye ukusilela kwimakethi yasekhaya. Ukungeniswa kweenjongo kuhlose ukukhusela umvelisi wesizwe nokugcina ibhanki efanelekileyo yezorhwebo. Ngokubhekiselele kokubhengezwa, iifomati zomhlaba kunye nezomntu zabelwe. Amaxesha angaphambili anikwe ukuthumela ngaphandle okanye ukungeniswa kwempahla ethile, kwaye imvelaphi yayo ayiqwalaselwe. Iingcaphuno zomntu ngamnye ziphakanyisiwe kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye zicacise ilizwe.

Ilayisenisi

Olu hlobo lwezithintelo oluninzi luhlobene ngokuthe ngqo kumaphunga. Ukunikezelwa kwemvume kubandakanya ukukhutshwa nguRhulumente weemvume ezizodwa zokuthumela ngaphandle okanye ukungeniswa kwenani elithile lempahla. Le nkqubo inokwenziwa ngokuzimeleyo kunye nekota. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeelayisenisi:

• Ixesha elilodwa. Kubandakanyeka imvume yomsebenzi omnye, osebenzayo ongaphantsi konyaka.
• Ilayisenisi jikelele. Le mvume ingenayo inani lokuthengiselana, kodwa oko kusebenzayo kungekhona ngaphezu konyaka.
• Ilayisenisi ngokuzenzekelayo. Ikhupha ngokukhawuleza, kwaye isicelo asikwazi ukunqandwa ngabaphathi karhulumente.

Imiqobo yokuzithandela ekuphumeni kwempahla

Amazwe amakhulu anamaqela amaninzi engcinezelo kumazwe athathaka. Umnqophiso "wokuzithandela" wokuthumela ngaphandle ngowomnye wabo. Ilizwe elibuthathaka lithembisa ukuba liyingozi, ngokwenene likhusela umvelisi wesizwe jikelele. Isiphumo saso sifana nokungenisa iimpepha. Ukwahlukana kukuba elinye ilizwe libeka umqobo kumnye.

Izindlela ezifihliweyo zokukhusela

Kukho inani elikhulu lemilinganiselo enokuthi ithathelwe kulo qela. Phakathi kwabo kukho:

• Miqobo yo bugcisa. Ziyimimiselo yolawulo nemimiselo eyenzelwe ukukhusela ukungenisa impahla yangaphandle.
• Imirhumo nemirhumo kwimakethe yasekhaya. Zijolise ekunyuseni ixabiso lemveliso yangaphandle ukuze kuphuculwe ukhuphiswano lwayo.
• Umgaqo woluntu wokuthengwa. Olu hlobo lweendlela ezifihlakeleyo zomgaqo-nkqubo ongekho umrhumo lubonisa ukusekwa kweembopheleleko zokuthenga iimpahla ezithile ezenziwe kwiimarike zesizwe.
• Izidingo zomxholo weengingqi zendawo. Bacinga ukusekwa kwesabelo semveliso yokugqibela esithengiswa kwiimakethe zasekhaya zelizwe, ekufuneka zenziwe ngamavelisi kazwelonke.

Amalungiselelo emali

Eli qela leendlela lijolise ekunyuseni amazwe angaphandle. Iinkqubo zemali zinceda ekunciphiseni intengo yempahla, eyandisa ukhuphiswano lwayo kwimarike yehlabathi. Ekuphenduleni kwabo, i-anti-dumping ekhethekileyo kunye nemisebenzi yamasiko ephikisayo iyaziswa. Ezi ndlela zezimali ezilandelayo ziyabonakala:

• Inkxaso.
• UkuBala.
• Ukulahla.

Uhlobo lokugqibela lubonisa ukunciphisa amaxabiso okuthumela ngaphandle ngenxa yemithombo yamashishini ngenjongo yokukhuthaza izinto kwiimarike zamanye amazwe. Amanyathelo okulwa nokulahla asetshenziselwa ukulwa nomgaqo-nkqubo ongekho umrhumo. Bamele imirhumo yesikhashana, ejoliswe ekugqibeleni umahluko phakathi kwexabiso elingaphantsi kunye nelinye eliqhelekileyo. Amanyathelo okulwa nokulahla awanciphisi miphumo emibi yokuncintisana ngokungafanelekanga.