Amakhadi okutya eRashiya: izizathu kunye neenjongo zokusungulwa

Umbono karhulumente wokuncedisa ukutya eRussian Federation uzisa amakhadi okutya. UNdunankulu waseRussia Federation uthe amakhadi okutya njengenye yeentlobo zenkxaso yabemi abanamabini kunye neengxaki. Iindlela eziphambili zeprogram ecetywayo yinkxaso yabavelisi bezolimo zommandla, uncedo olujoliswe kuyo kubemi belizwe abangakhuselekanga.

Yintoni i-Food Aid?

Inkqubo yenkxaso karhulumente, enjongo yokunceda amanye amacandelo abantu. Uncedo luya kunikwa ngokukhawuleza kwemveliso ethile yokutya okanye isixa semali esingasetyenziselwa ukuthengwa kwezi mveliso.

Amakhadi okutya aseRashiya aya kunika ithuba kwiindleko zeemarike ukubonelela ngoncedo kwabathengi bezolimo baseRashiya. Ngenkxaso yenkxaso ezinzile yempahla yabo, kukho ithuba lokuphucula phambili. Le nenye yeendlela zokufaka endaweni yangaphandle.

I-Russia ilungiselela ukubuyisela amakhadi okutya

Ngo-Ephreli 2015, uRhulumente unikeze imodeli yeenkqubo zekhadi zokutya. Zijoliswe kubemi abemi banelungelo lokufumana inkxaso evela kwilizwe. UMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye noRhwebo ukholelwa ukuba amakhadi okutya aya kuxhaswa nje kuphela ngabantu abahlali bengakhuselekanga, kodwa nakwimimandla, ikakhulukazi kwimveliso yezolimo. Isigqibo sokuzisa amakhadi okutya kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla yenziwa ngokusekelwe kumava karhulumente, apho asetyenziswe ngempumelelo ixesha elide.

Umgaqo wamakhadi okutya

Nangona kunjalo ukuba ukuqaliswa kwale nyathelo kulindeleke ngo-2017, umgaqo wekhadi lokutya sele uyaziwa:

1. Intsapho ethathwa njengento engavikelekanga kuluntu inikelwa kwikhadi lebhanki.
2. Inyanga nganye, ihlawulwa ngemali evela kubhajethi.
3. Ngeke kwenzeke ukurhoxisa imali, inokuhlawulwa kuphela kwiivenkile ezithile kunye nexesha elithile.
4. Ukuqaliswa kwamakhadi okutya kuya kusebenza kuphela kwiimveliso ezinobomi obufutshane. Oku kucwangciswe ukuqeda ukuqokelela. Oku kubandakanya iimveliso ezinjengenyama, inkukhu, amaqanda, ubisi, imifuno kunye neziqhamo.
5. Inani elichanekileyo leemali ezihanjiswe ekhadini alisaziwa. Isebe likholelwa ukuba imali iya kuxhomekeka kumgangatho wokuhlala owenziwe kummandla, inqanaba lemali yengeniso yentsapho, yonke inqununu yentlalo, ixabiso lokutya.

Imiqathango yokufumana amakhadi okutya

Ukuze ufumane amakhadi okutya kwabampofu, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo amaninzi. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ufake ifowuni yesigqeba kwindawo yokuhlala, ukuqokelela iphakheji yamaphepha afanelekileyo, kwaye udlulise udliwano-ndlebe. Ukuba impendulo ilungile, ikhadi lokutya le-elektroniki linikezelwa kumfaki sicelo, apho imali iya kufumana. Okanye unako ukuxhuma okhoyo ngokusayina isivumelwano kunye neebhanki yakho.

Ukuphelisa umngcipheko wokuxhomekeka, abaqeshwanga baya kuhlawulwa ngomsebenzi wokufumana umsebenzi ngexesha elivunyelweneyo.

Mhlawumbi, uSberbank weRussia Federation uza kuthatha inxaxheba ekuphunyezweni kwesi program. Inkqubo "Ikhadi lomkhiqizo" iya kufuna ukubala kokuqala kwama-rublebhiliyoni angama-240.

Izinto ezikhoyo zobomi

Kukho umqobo omkhulu kakhulu ekuphunyezweni kwenkqubo - urhulumente akanayo indlela yezemali. Kakade, le nkqubo iya kuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo ngurhulumente. Kodwa ukususela ngo-2015 uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwamazwe lwamkelwa ngexabiso le-ruble ezigidi ezingama-2,680, kwaye ngo-Meyi 1, 2015, ityala leengingqi lidlula iiruble ezimbini. Kunzima ukucinga ukuphunyezwa okulula nokukhawuleza kwenkqubo yamakhadi okutya.

Iingxaki ezikhoyo

Nangona kungabikho kwemali efunekayo yokuphunyezwa kweprogram kwisabelomali-mali, kukho imiba emininzi uMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye noRhwebo akakwazanga ukusombulula ixesha elide. Amakhadi okutya kunye nokuphunyezwa kwawo kubonisa icebo elicacileyo lokukhetha abavelisi, elingafumaneki. Okwesibini, akukho ndlela ecacileyo yokujonga umgangatho ofanelekileyo weempahla.

Iingcamango zengcali

Iingcali, omnye umbuzo oyintloko uhlala: yintoni ebaluleke kakhulu kwenkxaso-karhulumente yabavelisi bendawo okanye abemi abangeniso-mali abancinci?

UBorisov A., usihlalo weCandelo loRhwebi kunye neMashishini eRussia Federation ekuphuhliseni imarike yabathengi, ukholelwa ukuba ukufakwa kwamakhadi kuya kwenza utshintsho kwinkqubo yokuxhasa abavelisi. Kule meko, abavelisi bezolimo baya kuba nako ukufumana izibonelelo zemali ngokunyusa imfuno kunye nokukhuthaza, kunokuba baqonde ngqo.

Vostrikov Dm. (Rusprodsoyuz) iyavuma amakhadi okutya. Ukholelwa ukuba oku kuya kunceda imveliso yendawo ibe ngcono kunomgaqo-mali.

UKrupnov U., oyintloko yeBhodi yokuLawula i-Institute of Demography kunye noPhuhliso lweZithili, ukholelwa ukuba le nkqubo isipho esinokukhuthaza abavelisi bezolimo beendawo kunye noqoqosho lweRussian Federation. Ukholelwa ukuba iRashiya ilungiselela ukubuya kwamakhadi okutya kwaye oku kuza kusombulula ezininzi iingxaki eziphathelele ukhuseleko lokutya kwizinga lelizwe. Inkqubo, kumagama akhe, ngumyalelo omkhulu wokutya wabakhiqizi bezolimo.

UMamikonyan M., uMongameli we-Meat Union, uthi emhlabeni jikelele lo mkhuba wokunceda abahlwempuzekileyo uncedo oluqinileyo lwabavelisi bendawo. Kodwa uyathandabuza ukuba kwi-realty yaseRashiya le nkxaso iya kuba yinto engabalulekanga. UMongameli ukholelwa ukuba le nkqubo yenzelwe inani elincinci labathengi, kwaye iimali ezabiwe ngenyanga ziya kuba ziincinci, akunakwenzeka ukuba ziya kuthenga inyama-into ebiza kakhulu.

Izizathu zokuzisa amakhadi okutya

Urhulumente uyaqinisekiswa ukuba le nkqubo ayikho nxu lumene nokunqongophala kokutya. Ukususela kumazwi abo, amakhadi okutya eRashiya kwaye uncedo olunikezwa ngabo luya kuphuhlisa izizathu ezininzi:

1. Imithetho yokubambisana kwe-Russia kwi-WTO yenza ukuba ilizwe lethu lihlise inani lokuncedisa ngokuthe ngqo kubavelisi bezolimo ngaphantsi kokuxhaswa kweenkxaso-mali ezahlukeneyo, inkxaso-mboleko, imali-mboleko, njl. Ngokumalunga nale nto, imithetho ye-WTO inokuvumela inkxaso yeengcali ze-agronomists ngokuncedisa ukutya kokutya ekhaya ekuphunyezweni kwenkqubo yeGreen Basket.
2. Namhlanje, inani labemi abanikezwa ngamakhadi okutya landa: abo bangaphantsi kobuhlwempu kunye nabampofu. Kule minyaka eyisi-8 edlulileyo, inani labo likhule laba ngabantu abayizigidi ezili-21. Aba ngabemi abafuna inkxaso karhulumente.

Amanqanaba okusungulwa kokuncediswa kokutya

Ngokweenkcukacha zokuqala, ukuqaliswa kwenkqubo kuza kuqala ngo-2017. Kuza kube yimhla, inani eliya kutshintshwa kwikhadi, liya kuba ngama-ruble ayi-1400. Ngenyanga. Kucingelwa ukuba iimveliso phantsi kweprogram zithengwa kwiithala ezihlukeneyo kumaketanga okuthengisa. Akunakwenzeka kule nkqubo iya kubandakanywa ngokwahlukeneyo izitolo zentlalo.

Ekuqaleni kwe-2018, isigaba esilandelayo siya kuqala. Ukuvulwa kweentlabathi zentlalo, apho unokufumana ukutya okutshisayo ngokubonisa ikhadi elifanelekileyo.

Yintoni equka ukungeniswa kwenkqubo

Ukubuyiswa kwamakhadi okutya, ngokubhekiselele kurhulumente, kunenjongo efanelekileyo kuphela.

Ukuxhasa umenzi wasekuhlaleni, umthetho kwizorhwebo walungiswa. Ezi zilungiso ziphelisa nayiphi na iirhafu ezivela kubaboneleli kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuhlala. Namhlanje, iintambo zokuthengisa zilibazise ukuhlala kunye neefama ezincinci ukuya kwinyanga kunye nesiqingatha. Ngamanye amagama, ishishini elikhulu libizwa ngokuba likhululekile ngeendleko zamashishini amancinci. Oko kukuthi, indlela yokungena kwiintanethi zorhwebo ziya kuvulwa kubavelisi abancinci bezolimo, abavuselela ukuba bazise amakhadi okutya.

Iziphumo

Inkqubo yokuqaliswa kwamakhadi okutya ichaza:

• Inkxaso yabavelisi bendawo;
• Inkxaso kwabampofu;
• Ukuphuculwa kwezorhwebo.

Ngo-2016, amakhadi okutya eRashiya aya kufumana:

• Uninzi lwabantu abaphantsi kwempesheni abangaphantsi komgaqo-ntlupheko, ngokuqwalasela umhlala-phantsi ophakathi kwe-2015;
• Unina ongayedwa;
• Abemi abangasebenziyo;
• Amaqela anjalo njengabantu baseMpumalanga Ekude, eTajiks, eRomania.

Ukufumana amakhadi, kufuneka baqhagamshelane neziphathamandla ezifanelekileyo ngesitatimende kunye nephakheji yamaphepha.

Ukongeza kokungeniswa kwamakhadi okutya ngo-2017, ngo-2018 kucetywayo ukuzisa inkqubo yokutya okukhethiweyo, eya kunika ihlwempu ithuba lokondla ekamelweni lokudlela / i-cafe.

Uninzi lweengcali kule ndawo zikholelwa ukuba amakhadi okutya yiyona projekthi ebalulekileyo kunye esebenzayo yeRussian Federation. Baya kunika ithuba lokuxhasa kuphela ukuveliswa kwemveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwendawo, kodwa kunye nemarike yabathengi kunye noqoqosho ngokubanzi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ngoku kukuba le nkqubo yoncedo kubemi abangakhuselekanga abantu abadlulileyo ngaphandle kokuphulwa.