I-Hewana of Venus. Ingaba unayo Venus kwiisathelayithi? Zingaphi satellites Venus? Hewana Artificial of Venus

Zeziphi nakumaqabane Venus? Lo ngumbuzo esigcwalisa iingqondo izazinzulu sele ukutyhubela iinkulungwane eziliqela. Lubizwa sezijikelezi yajika kuba umhlaba kuphela, ogama lakhe behlonipha isithixokazi obhinqileyo. Noko ke, ukohluka Venus ayikho nje oku. Yintoni eyaziwayo Hewana planet twisiseka, benokundileka Umhlaba-ezifana, ubunjani kunye nobungakanani? Kukho Ngaba ngonaphakade?

I-Hewana of Venus: eyimfihlakalo uNate

Yonke le nto yaqala kunye ukufunyanwa umdla eyenziwe 1672, ngeenkwenkwezi Giovanni Cassini. Enye izazinzulu ezininzi abaziwayo xesha, wafumanisa ngempazamo ingongoma encinane, kumi kufuphi Venus. Besoyika ukuba wenze impazamo eyayiza kumenza kwimpahla ehleka zoluntu lwezenzululwazi, i ngeenkwenkwezi ekuqaleni akazange enze kawonke zophando lwakhe. Noko ke, into kwakhona ndibabone kwiminyaka 14 oosonzululwazi baye baba abangenagama. Ukuba sikholelwa ukuba izibalo eyenziwa Cassini into bepali lilincinane ngaphezu sangqa umhlaba malunga kane.

A eminyaka ezimbalwa kamva, sele ezinye izazinzulu abaziwayo baye bafumanisa uNate twisisaka. Venus satellite (igama elaqanjwa kamva) sibonwe izazi kangaka nje Shot, Meyer, आयडेंटीफिकेशन iSazisi. Ngo 1761 ulwazi malunga injongosenzi seyinikiwe imisebenzi ababukeleyo ezintlanu ezizimeleyo, imali wabonwa izihlandlo ezili-18. Of omkhulu umdla kubaphandi owayephila phantsi Schouten, owathi ngo-1761 wayebukele njengoko Venus wawela disk elanga nesithandwa ngezhaphaza encinane emnyama emva kwayo. Kwakhona le iqabane twisiseka wabonwa ngo-1764 kunye ababukeleyo ababini, waza wabona Horrebau ngeenkwenkwezi ngo-1768.

Ngaba kukho satellite

Ingaba unayo Venus kwiisathelayithi? Ivula Cassini ihlabathi wenza ngeenkwenkwezi yahlulwe kwiinkampu ezimbini izilwi. Ezinye izazinzulu baye babonisa ukuba amehlo am abone kwindawo emnyama twisiseka, ezinye ngeenkwenkwezi wanyanzelisa ukuba ze khona.

imbali umdla, abhalwe 1766 intloko Vienna Observatory Helle, owathi ukuba into wambona - nje umntu osembonweni enombala nto engaphaya. Elabafileyo ichaza imfundiso yakhe kokuqaqamba umfanekiso Venus, nokubanako umhlaba evela ukukhanya kubonakala emehlweni ababukeleyo. Ukuba uyakholwa kuye, ekubeni kubonakala, woyibuyisa ukukhanya ngaphakathi kweteleskopu, lonto iyakuvelisa omnye umfanekiso ukuba ubukhulu ezincinane.

Abaxhasi ingcamango yokuba Venus Hewana kukho, Kakade ke, akazange avumelane ngokoluvo esahlukileyo, ebekwe wakhe othi Hella. Bona banikwa iintlobo lweempikiswano counter, uninzi ezidliwayo, abangancedekanga asinda ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, njengoko ayixhaswa yi izibakala.

mbono Ozo

Ngokuthe ngcembe kwasekwa iqela lesithathu wenzululwazi, leyo ngungqondongqondo emva umlawuli we-Brussels Royal Observatory Ozo. Ozo Scientist wacebisa-1884 ukuba into ngasentla kuyeza ukuba umhlaba rhoqo emva kweentsuku 1080, emele ihlabathi eyahlukileyo, kungekhona satellite. Ukuba uyakholwa kuye, uNate iintsuku 283 kugxile iLanga, ngoko kuphela izihlandlo ezimbalwa yarekhodwa. Hi ndlela leyi, igama ngongoma twisiseka kwacetyiswa ukuba ezi abaphengululi.

Ngowe-1887, oko kulinyathelo Ozo lwaqhutywa isifundo ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, ngexesha apho imisebenzi zonke oosonzululwazi baye bafunda abaye abonakala Venus satellites. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba kwezinye iimeko, izazi ziye kuthathwa phezu kwendawo yenkwenkwezi Hewana ukuze sibonwe ecaleni emhlabeni ogama emva uthixokazi ababhinqileyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba iqabane ngeenkwenkwezi ekuthiwa Horrebau waba inkwenkwezi ukubayinxalenye lekroza ka Libra kuphela.

izazinzulu sinqumo

Ingaba kukho naziphi na Hewana yendalo Venus? Impendulo yokuqala negative lo mbuzo nobuganga ukunika Dane Carl Jansen. Ngowe-1928 waba idumileyo ngeenkwenkwezi ngenkulungwane yokugqibela uthe esidlangalaleni ukuba iplanethi ogama emva isithixokazi abafazi, akukho satellites. Jansen wabiza kuyajongwa lesiphoso oogxa babo, ezo zichazwe ngasentla. Yena waqiniseka ukuba Hewana ka Venus Akukho kuphela, kodwa akazange.

Ngokuthe ngcembe, izazinzulu bayeka ukuzama ukufumanisa nelokuthwasa kwenyanga ka Venus, ekugqibeleni wayevuma ngabikho. Oku akuthethi ukuba lo mba uye ekugqibeleni ivaliwe, ayeka umdla womyeni kwi lesayensi. Omnye emva komnye baqalisa ukuba kuvela beengcamango ezahlukeneyo malunga yokuduka obufihlakeleyo nawokuthwasa-langa, pre-ekhoyo. Le yeengcinga kakhulu umdla ngalo mbandela, ezinikelweyo ngezantsi.

theory №1

Zingaphi Hewana Venus was kwenye iingcamango ezininzi ezithandwayo, kwaye namhlanje kwabelwana ngabo izifundiswa ezininzi? One - lowo wanyamalala, wabetha umhlaba phantsi kweempembelelo imikhosi ngamaza kwelanga. Ezi mabutho yehla kakhulu Venus isantya ujikelezo, apho injongosenzi lisondele kakhulu emhlabeni. Njengoko yaziwa, umzimba ongaphandle ethe wafumana igama wokuwonga elaa isithixokazi, iye womxhuzulane ngaphezu Earth. Akumangalisi ukuba Venus ngokulula watsala satellite yayo, nto leyo kuye, azafunyanelwa ndawo wahlala.

Abaxhasi ithiyori, ngelishwa, bathi akunakwenzeka ukungqina izibakala. Inyaniso kukuba ngeenkwenkwezi ngexesha yokuduka le satellite, ngelishwa, akazange abe umatshini enamandla ukuba sifake ntlekele. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukungqinelana okanye ukuchasa oko hypothesis ngasentla lesayensi awuze.

theory №2

Abaxhasi mbono yesibini naye ngokubonakalayo unomdla elidluleyo lokuphila planet twisisaka, ebizwa Venus. Zingaphi Hewana kanye ukuba oko, sithembele izizathu zabo? Izazinzulu zithi ukuba kuphela mnye, ngaphandle kwalowo Mercury. Kukho amaxesha xa Mercury nje yisathelayithi emhlabeni, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe ezahlulwe waza wafumana orbit yayo-langa.

Kwakutheni ukuze kwenzeke oku? Izazinzulu babambelele kwithiyori yesibini baduma, nabo badla ityala amandla baphumelele kwelanga. Ubungqina yale vekeleke, ngokutsho iingxoxo zabo, kuba ujikelezo olucothayo kakhulu Venus. Ngapha koko, kwafunyaniswa ukuba ngosuku kule neplanethi iinyanga ezisibhozo esichithwe on Earth. Ukongeza, ukuba izazi jonga iqondo lobushushu emhlabeni, bekholelwa ukuba sele ube onjalo shushu nefuthe ngqo satellite omkhulu kakhulu.

theory №3

Iqela wesithathu izazinzulu nabo bathabatha iinkulungwane eziliqela uhlala umbuzo elivuthayo: ziyintoni na ezo - yisathelayithi Venus. Uluhlu lwabo, ngokutsho kwabo, wayesoloko lilambatha. umzimba engaphandle lonke uphila kwinkqubo elanga kwaba lilolo. Abantu ababambe lo mbono, kuba kukholelwa ukuba Venus yavela ngenxa iintlekele ezinkulu-isikali, nto leyo ingozi kwemizimba ezimbini yasezulwini (planetoids).

Yaba intlekele, njengoko kusitshiwo lwalugqugqisile ingcamango wesithathu esona sizathu kuphela ukuba isifundo planethi zingangabonakali isathelayithi yendalo. Kakade ke, kukho ezinye yeengcinga angaphantsi kakhulu, kodwa zange bakwazi ukufikelela kwisivumelwano ngabameli lesayensi.

Isathelayithi yokuqala eyenziwe ngumntu

Akunakwenzeka ukuba angamchukumisi phezu komnye umbuzo umdla: ukuba yintoni na - satellites enziweyo of Venus. Eyokuqala yasungulwa ngo-Juni 1975. Oku yiSoviet "Venera-9", yaphuhliswa kummandla Moscow kummandla Lavochkin. Exakayo, i "Venera-9" ukusuka kwindawo yezobugcisa lwembono, mkhulu kakhulu ukuya izixhobo yangaphambili eSoviet Union. Weight satellite ngumntu odumileyo, sungula wakhe, yakhawuleza ehlabathini lonke, eza tonnes ezintlanu.

Sele ngo-Oktobha 1975, umatshini sele sifikelele ngempumelelo icala engenisa ka Venus, leyo azabonakala iplanethi yethu. Broadcast imifanekiso "Morning Star" ubuso bumbongorha ngokuba izazinzulu Venus yiSoviet njengoko ngoMay. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, eli xesha lokuqala ukuba Earth imifanekiso evela phezu kwenye iplanethi zadluliselwa. Kakade ke, izithombe in black and white, Venus landscape zashiy unxulumano kunye eentaba namageduka ebusika. Unxibelelwano nge sixhobo igcinwe kangangeyure, ukuze ngaloo mihla yaba impumelelo enkulu.

uphando uyaqhubeka

Uyamazi impendulo umbuzo malunga zingaphi ukuthwasa ntoni Venus, abantu musani ukuyeka ukufunda eli mhlaba umangalisayo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba inkqubo unikezelwa ekufundeni cosmic umzimba, apho nowaphehlelelwa "Venus-9", yaphela. Kwathi emva 80s yoo ', nto leyo ngenxa yokunqongophala kwenkxaso-mali kunye nezinye iingxaki. Okwangoku ke, i-Arhente Federal Space uyasebenza kwi projekthi sebhongo, ijonge ukuqalisa ixhokonxa omncane yaqonda ukuba Venus.

Kuthathwa ukuba "Venera-Glob" kunye nesikhululo "Venera-D" iza kuphehlelelwa emhlabeni phakathi elishumi ezayo, umhla ngqo nangoku kugcinwa ziyimfihlo. Kakade ke, ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo-Hewana ukufunda umhlaba kwaye zithunyelwe eUnited States. Ezi zabavela kuthotho "Mariner".

efumanise kumahlelo-satellite

Ngoko ke, kufunyaniswe ukuba Venus Hewana, inani egqalwa kweli nqaku, akukho. Kodwa iplanethi ogama lakhe behlonipha uthixokazi, ukuba unalo kumahlelo-satellite, ezimele Ibhanti. Igama ikhowudi into isithuba - 2002 VE68, ngomzuzu usetyenziswa ehlabathini lonke. igama Own kumahlelo-yesathelayithi alikafiki iphumelele.

Facts about yorhwwebo-satellite

Eli litye yaziwa kangako, ekubeni yayiyimini yafunyanwa kuphela ngo-2002. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba into isithuba inqumle izinto iiplanethi ezintathu, lo Venus, Mercury kunye Earth. ukujikeleza yayo ijikeleza ilanga lwenziwa ukuze ukuba livakale kwenzeka phakathi yorhwwebo-satellite Orbital kunye Venus. Yiyo le livakale yenza Ibhanti ixesha elide ukugcina ubuhlobo kunye "Morning Star."

Uphononongo lubonise ukuba yorhwwebo-satellite of Venus abunjwe malunga namawaka asixhenxe eminyaka eyadlulayo. Mhlawumbe yena orbit, "Morning Star" ngexesha beyixelele oko Umhlaba. Izazinzulu zithi ukuba eli litye liya kuhlala komzila Venus uneminyaka emalunga namakhulu amahlanu, yaye uze udlulele ukufumana kufutshane elangeni. Ixesha ngqo alikabikho lula ukubala, kodwa ke abameli zehlabathi academic musa ukunikezela, nokuqhubeka ukufunda lo mbuzo.

Liyintoni ithemba

Ngaba likho Venus kwiisathelayithi? Ezinye izazinzulu musani ngaphandle ithuba enjalo ngokucacile, Noko ke, bathi ukuba oku kungabi yinto enokufane yenzeke kule minyaka ilikhulu embalwa ezayo. Ngenxa yoko, kwanokuba ixesha elide ecaleni kwe "Morning Star" iya kuba kuphela iziphekepheke ne miqulu eselugcinwe yokuzibophelela-satellite. Ezinye iinzululwazi yaye abazange bakholwe ukuba Venus unalo ithuba lokuba abe satellites. ixesha kuphela ukubonisa apho iqela tye nokubi.

okunika umdla

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba Venus akuyona iplanethi kuphela Solar System, nto leyo ngokupheleleyo akukho satellites zendalo. Hayi kudala, oosonzululwazi bafumanisa ukuba azikho, kunye Mercury. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba kangangexesha elithile bekucingelwa ukuba Hewana ukusuka umhlaba kanye ekho yaye esithi shwaka. Noko ke, uphando lubonakalise besimo inguqulo enjalo. Kwathi kanti loo ndawo satellite yendalo lifumana inkwenkwezi webhunga umlaza zokutshiza.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba yakhe yokuqala eyenziwe ngumntu yisathelayithi Mercury zifumaneka kuphela ngoMatshi 2011. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba ekugqibeleni wasondela kwisiphekepheke "Messenger", ebeyinalo eUnited States. Impendulo kumbuzo zazingaphi Hewana Yalungiswa Venus kakhulu ngaphambili.