Abantu Belarusian Republic: isihlokomiso kunye nembali

Abantu Belarusian Republic yaba lilinge lokuqala ukudala imeko yabo abantu kwesebe East Slavic - Belarusians. Njengokuba kude njengoko amava kwaba yimpumelelo, kwaye yaba sisizathu sokuba ubu ubukho kule mfundo? Makhe ukulandela kokuvela amanqanaba uphuhliso kunye nokufa Belarusian yaBantu Republic.

Imvelaphi kwi BPR

Emva kokuba ngokubhukuqwa lobuzwilakhe kuBukhosi Russian ngoFebruwari 1917, umzabalazo yezopolitiko yonyuke kakhulu, hayi nje kuphela kweli komkhulu - Petrograd - kodwa kwakhona ngaphandle kwamagunya, leyo ndavusa zamandla esizwe. Not imyekile isiphelo kunye phondo Belarusian, imeko apho zingabi kufutshane ngaphambili Russian-German. Emva kokuba umgca wesikhokeli ngo-Oktobha waloo nyaka, isimo saba sibi ngakumbi.

Sele November, the inkulu isixeko e Belarus - Minsk - a nkongolo lwabaSebenzi kunye Amajoni 'yamaSekela. Ngelo xesha nye kwabanjwa intlanganiso iintlangano Belarusian yesizwe, apho uMenzi injongo wemfundo lokuzimela ngaphakathi kurhulumente Russian. Ngelo xesha linye omkhulu Belarusian iPalamente kwasekwa. NgoDisemba 1917, i-First All-Belarusian Congress kwabanjwa phantsi kwephiko le mbutho. Kodwa iiBolsheviks akalithabathanga kuphela inxaxheba kulo, kodwa ngamandla waziqhekeza intlanganiso.

Le meko kakhulu emva ukusayinwa ngoMatshi 1918 of umnqophiso uxolo Brest phakathi Soviet Russia kunye uBukhosi German. Le mvumelwano ibandakanya umsebenzi ezininzi zamazwe Belarusian amabutho yaseJamani. Esi siganeko walungisa kaloku isihlokomiso somthetho Belarusian yaBantu Republic.

Kaloku isihlokomiso somthetho BNR

Kakade ngoMatshi 9 kaloku isihlokomiso somthetho karhulumente Abantu Belarusian Republic. Oku kwenziwa yiKomiti yesiGqeba All-Belarusian Congress. Bekukwakho wabonisa ukuba BNR isasaze ulongamo yayo onke amazwe zembali Belarusian kunye nemimandla umiwe Belarusians ngokobuzwe. Kodwa imida ngqo intsimi ibango yi-Belarusian Abantu Republic, kwaye ke asicinywanga ekhankanyiweyo. Okanye kuphethwa ubume kwiqumrhu elitsha - umbuso ozimeleyo ngokupheleleyo, okanye ukuzimela ngaphakathi eRashiya.

Ngosuku olufanayo wonyulwa yintloko Elawulayo Enkulu Belarusian ePalamente. Kubonakele ukuba abe ngummeli we-Belarusian yeNdibano Socialist Janka Sereda.

Matshi 25 Kwabekwa indawo yokugqibela, ukugqiba nqanaba isibhengezo zoluntu Belarusian yaBantu Republic. Ukumisela ubume kokuba kuchazwe ngokucacileyo. ImiQulu Belarusian rada BNR wavakalisa geqe. Ngelo xesha kwakukho imida ezisekiweyo ummandla apho ibango yaba republic abaselula.

BNR - umbuso ngaphandle sokumiswa

Kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esithile i-Belarusian Peoples Republic (1918) kwaye akwazi ukufumana i sokumiswa ngokwenene. Hayi indima Eyokugqibela edlalwe yi sengqondo kufikwa koogunyaziwe German, ngoko okunene ukulawula ilizwe. Kwelinye icala, abazange ithintele imisebenzi BPR, kodwa kwelinye icala - iye ngokusemthethweni wala ukuqaphela kwiriphabliki, ekubeni iza kuba iyaphikisana Brest-Litovsk iSivumelwano kunye Soviet Russia. Amanye amazwe nayo ngokukhawuleza kunye ukuqatshelwa karhulumente abatsha.

Enyanisweni, i-Belarusian National Republic akazange ukulawula ummandla, leyo wathi, njengokuba yena phantsi umsebenzi waseJamani, waba izixhobo karhulumente ngohlobo ukukwazi ukuqokelela irhafu, akazange abe iyunithi yamapolisa, akazange ukuphatha ukuba wamkele umgaqo-siseko. Uninzi-odolo kunye nezigqibo urhulumente BNR ababeqhutywa uhlobo onombono obhengezayo. Ngoko ke, ulwimi olusemthethweni elaziwayo Belarus nekomkhulu layo - isixeko Minsk.

Kwangaxeshanye, BNR waba eziliqela iimpawu karhulumente. Isitampu Apho esisesayo ingubo engembali iingalo ye-Grand Duchy of Lithuania - "Pursuit", indwe, a ebomvu namhlophe imibala ezimbini, ukuba uhlanga amaziko, i-mthetho kunye yesigqeba. Nokuba kwenzeka ukuzama ukwenza imikhosi yayo exhobileyo, Noko ke, impumelelo.

Ukuwa BNR

Iingxaki ekwakheni imeko yayo wabangela ukuba liqhekeke seqela elikhokelayo le BNR - Belarusian Socialist yeNdibano. Kodwa ekuqaleni lesiphelo kwaye andinalo ixesha ukwenza phambi kokuphela kwiriphabliki ingaqatshelwa emuva umkhosi waseJamani kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi I kunye nokurhoxiswa amajoni evela kwilizwe ngokungqinelana iSivumelwano Versailles. Emva koko, bayahlelwa BNR kokuvalelwa, ngoko ke urhulumente wagqiba ifuduke Minsk ukuya Grodno.

Ngomhla kummandla kummandla ESmolensk ngoJanuwari 1919 , iSoviet Russia odale unopopi karhulumente - Socialist yiSoviet Republic of Byelorussia, leyo nokwazeka kwayo kwiBolsheviks kuphela esemthethweni. Ngoncedo oluBomvu Army, oko ukusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwifuthe lazo onke amazwe Belarusian, ngaphandle isixeko Grodno, ngubani wayithimba imiqobo.

Noko ke, ngoncedo zezibonda, lowo wamthabatha Minsk ebudeni bemfazwe Polish-yiSoviet, ngoAgasti 1919, i-BPR uRhulumente ukubuyela ikomkhulu lakhe, kodwa Army Red ngoDisemba wakwazi ukubuyisela amandla kwiBolsheviks kumazwe Belarusian.

IPalamente Belarusian ekugqibeleni kwanyanzeleka ukuba thutha ukusuka kweli lizwe, kuqala ePoland waza Lithuania, eCzechoslovakia, eJamani, USA.

Nxi ezalandela

Ungaze kwakhona urhulumente BNR akazange abuyele kummandla Belarus. Ngaphezu koko, nkqu ekuthinjweni, lo mbutho phantsi nobanda ezininzi ngenxa izimvo eziphambukileyo kweenkokeli zayo. Ngoko ke, enye inxalenye Belarusian nePalamente 1925 wada wenza ukudluliselwa kwamagunya zabo ze-Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic. Nangona kunjalo, inxalenye yesibini uzilahle ngamandla ngenxa kuyo.

urhulumente BNR elubhacweni isekho namhlanje, kwaye ayithethi siqaphele ukufaneleka kweziphumo post-eSoviet Republic of Belarus, nangona ekuqaleni yaye ndandizimisele ukwenza oko. Kodwa emva kokuba amandla e Belarus uMongameli Alexander Lukashenko rada wala kwisicwangciso sokuqala.

Iimpawu BNR zisekhona iisimboli ngentshutshiso Belarusian.

Izizathu ngokuwa BPR

Kutheni na, ukuba urhulumente Abantu Belarusian Republic? Ukwenzeka nokwenzeka wesiseko-obufutshane sifana kakhulu kwimbali ezinye ziiriphabliki ezifanayo ukuba kuvele kumabhodlo yoBukhosi baseRashiya. Izizathu eziphambili ezibangela ngokuwa sokumiswa Belarusian ngelo xesha:

• uqhekeko kwi intshukumo kazwelonke;
• inkxaso buthathaka phakathi kwabantu basekuhlaleni;
• non-ingqwalasela BNR kwamanye amazwe;
• ungenelelo ye'Bolshevik.

Indibaniselwano yezi meko kusengaphambili bayahlelwa Belarusian yaBantu Republic.