Umatshini Electrostatic - Umgaqo ukusebenza. Indlela yokwenza umatshini electrostatic ngezandla zabo

umatshini Electrostatic isebenza njenge oluqhubekayo umthombo wamandla ombane. Esi sixhobo isoloko isetyenziswa abangabancedani ukuba kwimiboniso ye ezahlukeneyo nesenzeko zombane kunye neziphumo. Kodwa yintoni uyilo kunye neempawu?

Abanye kwasungulwa imbali

umatshini Electrostatic obukhuliswe kude ngonyaka amawaka, anamanci asibhozo mathandathu-yesihlanu Agasti Toepler, yamachiza waseJamani. Inqaba, kakhulu ngokuzimeleyo enye ingcali yenzululwazi Esalingwayo Vilgelm Golts wasungula uyilo efanayo, kodwa ugqibeleleyo, njengoko wavumela ukuba umatshini ukufumana amaxabiso aphezulu yomahluko ezinokubakho kwaye ezisenokusebenza njengsixhobo rhoqo yangoku. Ngaphandle goltsevskaya imoto kube lula kakhulu kuyilo. Ekupheleni kwale IsiNgesi experimentalist kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba endle lombane kunye ubucukubhede Dzheyms Vimshurst ngcono unit. Kwaye kule mini na ukhetho yakhe (nakuba isuntswana mihla) kusetyenziselwa ukubonisa imifuniselo electrodynamic, ngenxa ukukwazi ukwenza umahluko omkhulu kwindlela ekwazi phakathi abaqokeleli. umatshini Electrostatic kuye kwaphuculwa sele novalo ye amabini umphengululi wenkulungwane igama Joffe, nto leyo eye yakhula uhlobo olutsha umbane electrostatic ukuba umatshini amandla X-ray. Nangona umatshini Vimshursta ayisetyenziselwa imveliso ngqo ingxaki eneji yombane, kuba kwinto ezimbalini, nto leyo ibonisa imbali kuphuhliso zobunjineli inkqubela yenzululwazi kunye nobugcisa.

design machine Impembelelo

Le fowuni iquka IiCD ezimbini ukutshintsha kumacala angafaniyo. Umsebenzi impembelelo Umatshini kanye ukuphunyezwa spin kabini-win. Kwi diski zilungiselelwe ziqwempu conductive ezikude enye kwenye. Ekubeni macwecwe kumacala omabini capacitors diski kwakheka. Yiyo loo nto loo umatshini electrostatic wambi kuthiwa capacitor. Kwi diski zilungiselelwe converters, leyo susa iintlawulo ukusuka iziqalelo disc malunga emhlabeni nge zobuciko. Abaqokeleli ukuba ekhohlo nasekunene. Ukuba beze bamanqatha athatyathwe iziganeko disc eyenziweyo angasemva kunye ngaphambili.

Yintoni egcina Leiden?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, izityholo waqokelela phezu capacitors. Loo maKristu abizwa ngokuba iibhanki Leiden. Emva koko ukudlala mhlawumbi khupha Lomelele yaye iintlantsi. I electrode yangaphakathi capacitor nganye uqhagamshele ababhexeshi ngokwahlukeneyo. Iibhrashi, ezinxulumene kwicandelo diski, idityaniswe ingaphakathi engaphakathi iinkonkxa ze Leiden. Isakhiwo yonke namhlanje elifakiweyo nqwelo zeplastiki. Kunye nebhanki leydenovskimi kumatshini zigxunyekwe isiseko zomthi. Ngenxa ukubonakala loyilo, umatshini electrostatic ngezandla zabo kunokwenziwa kakhulu lula. Nokuba umntu ongenayo imfundo ezizodwa zobugcisa, oko ukuqokelela bazisebenzisele ngenxa yenkolelo yakhe.

Oku kusekelwe kumsebenzi umatshini ntoni impembelelo?

Ukusebenzisa iinzame sobabini le idiski ezimbini - lo mgaqo ngundoqo kule fowuni. Ifuthe kokuvela isakhono umahluko, kwaye khupha iintlantsi bafika indawo kwicandelo echanekileyo. Kakade ke, kukho uphuhliso, ukusetyenziswa kunye IiCD ecocekileyo, kodwa ukusebenza ke musa siphele. Uyilo anjalo adla ngokusetyenziswa kwizithuba ezabelwe zemfundo amancinci. Umgama phakathi idiski kwiphakati efana umatshini electrostatic, kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwaye nefuthe elibonakalayo ekufezekiseni le ombane ofunekayo ngapha capacitors.

Yintoni na umgaqo osebenza kuyo umatshini?

umatshini Electrostatic ukususela kwepensile (kwaye oku ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane elinesibhozo) iye yasinda utshintsho ezininzi. Kodwa ingcamango esisiseko wahlala. Isiseko kuyilo mshini idiski kunye plates njo (njengemicwana yentsimbi). Nomkhosi ethile ngomatshini nge ibhanti drive, zingakotshwa zijikeleziswe kumacala ahlukeneyo malungana omnye komnye. Ngomhla olunye lwe disk kukho intlawulo positive. Uya kutsala omnye isigxina (negative) idityaniselwe kwakuyo. Positive uhamba umqhubi kunye iibhrashi (converter), nto leyo ekhathaza electrode esahlukileyo. Vula mshini ukufumana iintlawulo ezifanayo ukuya yokuqala. Kodwa ziya kuchaphazela ezinye i electrode. Njengoko ukuba amavili ukujikeleza kumacala angafaniyo, izityholo abaninzi bafudukela ukuya kubaqokeleli. Loo izixhobo umboniso njengoko umatshini electrostatic, kuba umgaqo osebenza isekelwe kule ngongoma. Kuzo zombini iibhrashi disc, ezo nto ezinxulumene kumphezulu wazo yaye zibekwe emiphethweni, izityholo ngaxa abanye likhulu kangangokuba elibala breakdown kwenzeka, kunye iintlantsi zombane iyaxhuma. Kungenxa yoko le nto abaqokeleli nga sidityaniswe kwi capacitors ezongezelelweyo kwamandla ezahlukeneyo eziya kunika isiphumo ubuhle enkulu ingenzeka alahlwayo.