Tiananmen Square, isiganeko 1989 e-China

China - enye iinkokeli zehlabathi namhlanje. Iinkokheli Communist Party yelizwe iminyaka emininzi kungemnandi kakhulu ukuba ukukhumbula yaye izimvo iziganeko efakwe kwimbali yesizwe kunye nehlabathi njenge "Tiananmen Square-1989".

Izinto ezibangela le revolution: version №1

Kucacile ukuba ukuqonda ukuchaza kakuhle eli iinkqubo kwakhokelela ukuvela kombono ekuhlaleni umfundi Chinese, kunzima kakhulu. Kukho iinguqulelo ezimbini yezizathu.

Kakuhle eli kuqala kuxhomekeke kwinto yokuba oluqhubekayo 1978 zokulungisa izinto zobunene kuqoqosho yaseTshayina kunye nenkqubo yezopolitiko abazange kuziswa ukuba kwisiphelo esinesiqhamo. Abaxhasi yokuqhubeka utshintsho olukhulu kwi imodeli West yaseYurophu American kucingelwa ukuba kusengqiqweni ukugqiba lenkululeko wayeza kuba ukususwa ngokuthe ngcembe ukuba CP of China ukusuka ukulawula inani phezu lizwe. Abafundi ayexhasa kwanokuqinisa idemokhrasi kunye nokukhusela amalungelo oluntu. ESoviet Union kunye nokuhlengahlengiswa olwenziwe nguMongameli we-USSR uMikhail Gorbachev, aba benchmark, umfuziselo ixhaswa sisetyenziswe le mbono wophuhliso eTshayina.

version №2

Inxalenye ulutsha Chinese beza Tiananmen Square (1989), ukuze akhusele kwephupha lophuhliso eTshayina, ngubani wathethelela Mao Tszedun. Ayekholelwa ukuba uphuhliso kwipropati yabucala, ushishino kunye neminye imiba nongxowankulu ifuthe elibi kuphuhliso lukarhulumente enkulu.

Kuba abaxhasi ngokwentando yesininzi kwezi mboniselo kwakufuneka njengesixhobo ukuphembelela kurhulumente wesizwe. Ngenxa yazo, iinguqulelo kwimarike kungakhokelela ekubeni iziphithiphithi kakhulu kunye cataclysms zentlalo. Abantu boyika yeenguqu yemveli yoluntu Chinese abalimi kunye namagcisa.

Ke kaloku kwathi

Iziganeko Tiananmen Square 1989 wabonisa Maidan e Ukraine:

• bekhalazela indawo enkulu simahla kwikomkhulu Chinese wakhethwa;
• wadala isixeko wentente;
• kukho yabasemagunyeni phakathi nxaxheba;
• ukubonelela ngenkxaso ezibonakalayo Abaxhasi Communist Party.

I-revolution waqala Aprili 27, 1989. Okokuqala iphumelele Uqhankqalazo abaninzi, kodwa ke inani lilonke nxaxheba landa ngokuthe ngcembe. Ubume bentlalo abaqhankqalazi kwaba exutyiweyo. Behlangene yembutho macandelo oluntu:

• abafundi;
• abasebenzi basefektri;
• nongqondongqondo;
• abalimi.

bonke uqhankqalazo siseluxolweni ekupheleni kuka-Epreli kunye nasekuqaleni Meyi. isixeko ententeni waphila ubomi bakhe zesiqhelo. Kakade ke, abasemagunyeni kweli lizwe abangenzi bangamelana elide eli nezixholoxholo kwikomkhulu. 4 amaxesha Communist Party of China wabhenela ebantwini becela kunisasaza, kodwa la mazwi zange weva. Ngelishwa, le demonstrators ngaphandle kokwenza iimpazamo. Yaba kukuba abazange ukuthobela umyalelo abasemagunyeni. Abantu abaninzi kakhulu uhlawule ngenxa yomphefumlo kwabangevayo.

May 20 wabamba intlanganiso yenkokheli Communist Party ne Beijing, nto leyo yamkela isigqibo ukuwisa umthetho wemitshato esixekweni. Ngelo xesha, ihlabathi sele kucaca ukuba ulungiselela le wokulwa abaxhobileyo. Ubunkokeli lizwe ayikwazanga ukwenza umnyinyiva ukuba abaqhankqalazi, njengoko oku kujongela amandla zeqela elilawulayo.

Tiananmen Square (1989) kwaba jam izele ngabantu. Amawaka abaqhankqalazi baye bavakalisa isimo yoqhankqalazo kuluntu Chinese. Juni 3 lasungula usebenze kanzima ukuze lisasazwe abemi balo. Okokuqala, urhulumente akafuni ukusebenzisa isixhobo kakhulu, ngoko wazama ukuba bangene kwindawo amajoni engaxhobanga of the National Liberation Army of China. Abaqhankqalazi akazange ukubandulula, ngoko wagqiba ukusebenzisa phezulu kwiitanki ukubulawa ngokudutyulwa ndikuchithachithe i demonstrators.

Ngokuhlwa ngoJuni 3, umzi kwabonakala kwiitanki. Benza babeyihamba ngothango. imibutho amabutho abaqhankqalazi bangena ngeziqu evulekileyo kunye Pla units vehicles. Ngokutshabalalisa kumkhondo umatshini ziye namandla kwaye ngoko kuzitshisa ngomlilo. It lwapheliswa malunga 14-15 kwiitanki. NgoJuni iziganeko 4 Tiananmen Square (1989) waqalisa ukwandisa isimo unobungcwangu:

• ngokudubula demonstrators enoxolo nezolileyo;
• ngxabano abantu namajoni;
• ukubana abantu abavela kuloo ndawo.

Inani lamaxhoba revolution

Uphando lwaseburhulumenteni kungena iziganeko ka-1989 eBeijing okwangoku yenziwe. Lonke ulwazi Chinese imithombo mfihlakalo.

Ngokutsho abameli zeBhunga State eTshayina, umphakathi zange adubule, kodwa yabulala amajoni ngaphezulu kwama-300 yomkhosi Chinese. Version abasemagunyeni ucacile: umkhosi baziphethe ngokwenkcubeko, kunye abaqhankqalazi babulala amajoni.

Kokuba ummeli wakwa-Hong Kong kudliwano-ndlebe kunye iintatheli zasemzini, uthe ngokomthetho kulwazi lwakhe, kwabulawa abantu 600. Kodwa kukho manani eyoyikekayo, eyayinesihloko amawaka amaxhoba sokudubula kule ndawo. Iphephandaba "New - York Times" yapapasha ingcaciso evela umbutho "Amnesty International". abantu abalwela amalungelo oluntu aye afumana ulwazi ukuba inani lamaxhoba iziganeko ngoJuni 4 yafikelela kubantu 1000. Abafe ngokutsho intatheli Edward Timperleyka isusela ebantwini-4 ukuya kwezi-6 amawaka (zombini phakathi abaqhankqalazi kunye namajoni). Ngummeli NATO sathetha malunga 7000 amaxhoba ntlekele, kunye neSebe leMicimbi yangaPhandle USSR - babulawa malunga abaninzi kangangoko 10,000 yabantu.

Tiananmen Square -1989 zishiya nomzila eliqaqambileyo igazi kwimbali yehlabathi. Kakade ke, ukuze ukwazi inani ngqo lamaxhoba lo mingquzulwano soze kwenzeke.

imiphumela

Isimanga, kodwa iziganeko emthonjeni - nehlobo ka 1989 ukuba leha neziphumo ezihle kakhulu kweli lizwe. nkqubo jikelele kwaye iziphumo zezi zilandelayo:

• ukufakwa kwezohlwayo ngamazwe yaseNtshona elifutshane-waphila;
• ukomeleza inkqubo yezopolitiko eli lizwe elikhokelwa Communist Party of China;
• lenkululeko ngokwentando yesininzi nkqubo yezoqoqosho kunye basekhaya waqhubeka;
• ukunyusa ukukhula koqoqosho;
• iminyaka 25, eli lizwe libe superstate enamandla.

Izifundo zexa elizayo

Zonke iinkokeli zehlabathi owayenguzwilakhe kwinkulungwane xxi kufuneka ukhumbule China ngo-1989. Tiananmen Square liye laba uphawu engagungqiyo intando abantu ukuba baphile ngcono. Ewe, abantu baye bafumana umsebenzi ukubhukuqa urhulumente, kodwa ukuba naliphi na elinye ilizwe uqhankqalazo unokuba injongo eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba abantu kufuneka amamele kwaye athathe ingqalelo iimfuno zabo kwinkqubo yokwakha nkqubo kwezoqoqosho nezentlalo kurhulumente. Tiananmen Square ngo-1989 - luphawu lomzabalazo abantu abaqhelekileyo ukuba amalungelo abo!