Ngoobani Freemasons?

Kutshanje, uluntu ngokubanzi bevayo ubukho umbutho Engcotyeni Freemasons, yokusebenza kwinkulungwane ngaphezu kwesinye. Yintoni ezitshatileyo? Ngoobani Freemasons? Yintoni na iinjongo zikusukela? Imibuzo ngalo mbandela na inqwaba. Sizama ukuphendula ezibalulekileyo kubo.

Njani Freemasonry?

Le intshukumo ye umlinganiswa zonqulo-ngokweenqobo, owaphuma eNgilani ngenkulungwane ye-18, yaye kamva ladlulela eUnited States, India kunye amazwe aseYurophu. Le mfundiso yabantu emanyeneyo zomanyano ngothando, uncedo macala kunye nokulingana. Kukholelwa ukuba Freemasonry - eli bhaso, njengoko emele uluntu nemibutho yabantu.

Ngowe-1717 eNgilani wadala "Grand Lodge" - nelaye bobuzalwana. Ulawula yonke imibutho yoluntu Masonic, ibekwe kumazwe awahlukeneyo. Kwiminyaka emithandathu kamva, Dzheyms Anderson, umshumayeli evela eLondon, idala "Book of Rules", esicacisa imigaqo esisiseko wokuziphatha kwamalungu mbutho. akufuneki ube kubukho bukaThixo kunye freethinker Ngokutsho Mason yakhe, akazange avunyelwe ukuba bathathe inxaxheba iintshukumo zezopolitiko. Kufuneka sixhase ngokupheleleyo urhulumente yangoku.

Ngoobani Freemasons?

Umbutho ifumene udumo ngokubanzi kwizangqa yamaphephandaba, ngokufuthi amalungu ayo baba ngabantu abacinga abaziwayo ixesha. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, Freemasonry ufumene umlinganiswa yeengcungcu, ingakumbi le ntsingiselo kubonakala kumazwe aseYurophu. Ngoobani Freemasons? Aba bantu abafuna ukukhula ngokomoya yaye yokuziphatha self-ukuphucuka ngaphakathi sikhokelo imigaqo ethile kunye neenkolelo.

Ezintlwini ucwangcise amanani ezifana Ubuntu indumasi Prussia Frederick II III, Gustav mlawuli Swedish III, British bathatha iintloko. Phakathi nakubakhi beendonga ezinye abongameli US (Washington, Truman et al.), Amagosa kaRhulumente (Churchill), zobulumko edumileyo, ababhali kunye abaqambi (Goethe, Haydn, uVoltaire, Mozart).

Yintoni na iinjongo wabeka phambi Order?

Injongo yabo - ukuba benze konke okusemandleni ukuba ngokomgangatho ukuphucula ihlabathi.

Lo mbutho ngokwayo ngokuchasene ibandla ngoku. Benindifunela ukudala uluntu ofihlakeleyo amalungu Simanywe Izibopho emaqandeni zonqulo, bahlala kunye nomsebenzi ngokuhambelana iinjongo zeli.

Order akafuni ukutshintsha unqulo, akazange ukupapasha imisebenzi zenkolo. Kwiintlanganiso yoluntu akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ingxoxo kwimixholo zonqulo. Kuko konke oku ukholo kuThixo - isiseko imigaqo yayo kunye neemfundiso.

imisebenzi ubuzalwane

Kokuba kusetyenzwe umbuzo ngubani neengcibi, singasathethi ulwalathiso iphambili imisebenzi yabo. Amalungu oluntu othatha inxaxheba uthando, ukuba abandakanyeke begxeka, kodwa oko akuthethi isaziso ngokwayo.

sabaphathi

Amalungu ombutho zidibene ngamaxesha indawo, kusekwe kwibhokisi encinci yabantu 40-50. Phakathi kwabo abayibiza ngamnye nabanye abazalwana. I-odola onke amaqela kunye yakha Grand Lodge. Intloko yakhe ke intloko inkosi enkulu okanye ukuba yiGrandmaster. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho Lodge Grand kwilizwe ngalinye.

Qondo lisezantsi kwiqela elinegunya Order - umfundi. Oku kulandela ngumfundi, elandelwa umninindlu, yaye, ekugqibeleni, inkosi enkulu.

nabakhi Russian

Wabaseki uMyalelo eRashiya zithathwa ukuba ube ngukumkani uPetros kunye noogxa bakhe. Xa novalo lwe ngenkulungwane ye-18, Jikelele John Keith namagumbi eziliqela ihlelwe, amalungu okuqala kuzo iintlanga. Noko ke, inani koohlohlesakhe Russian, emele Order of Freemasons, liye landa kakhulu.

Ngowe-1822, ngenxa yomthetho Alexander I lodges zivaliwe. Xa intshukumo kwenkulungwane yama-20 ekuqaleni abaxholi bamatye waphila eRashiya, kodwa ngaphantsi igama elitsha - "Grand Orient de France," yaye umlinganiswa ngokukhawuleza yezopolitiko. Ukususela ngo-1917 Lodge yaye umlomo zizonke.