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Solder ngokuba nobhedu ngelotha, i-aluminiyamu, ixina, intsimbi kunye insimbi. Solder ukwakheka for ngelotha. Iintlobo solder for ngelotha
Xa ukholosile yanxitywa ndawonye iikhompawundi ezahlukeneyo eqinileyo, i amaninzi elikhethelwe lo brazing. Le nkqubo kuxhaphakile kwiindawo ezininzi shishino. Kufuneka solder kunye olungisa izinto.
Lo msebenzi kunceda nje kuphela xa TV eziphosakeleyo okanye ikhompyutha, kwaye kwakhona ukuba indawo chip otshiswayo okanye chip. Nale nkqubo lifinyele ifriji, iinkqubo zoshishino. Pike inceda e xa kuyimfuneko ukuze afumane ngetywina. Ukongeza, ezinye izinto nje azinako ukusebenzisa ngendlela eyahlukileyo.
Aluminiyamu, solders kunye neendidi obhobhozayo mazikhethwe kuxhomekeka izixhobo, nto leyo eza kufuneka asebenze. Umzekelo, sihambisane iimveliso aluminium kufuna ekubhobhozeni ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle koko ngokuba nobhedu okanye isiliva. Ezantsi thina uchaze iimpawu eziphambili ngamnye kubo uze ukhethe ukhetho ilungileyo umsebenzi.
Solder for ngelotha: iimpawu ezingundoqo
Njengoko basebenzisa aluminiyamu yesinyithi. Kukho kwakhona abhalwa esekelwe metal ecocekileyo. Ukuba usebenzisa i solder ethile ezinokuvula esiphezulu senxulumano-umgangatho, ezo zinto kufuneka bahluka iimpawu ezithile.
wettability
Kuqala kwinto zonke, naluphi na uhlobo solder kufuneka wettability kakhulu. Ngaphandle kolu phawu amacandelo soldered nje asikwazi ngokuthembekileyo ukunxibelelana nabanye. Yintoni wettability? Lo mkhuba umdla ukuba xa ngamandla Iimbophelelo phakathi kwamasuntswana eqinileyo kwaye ulwelo ingaphezulu molekyuli ulwelo. Ukuba ngaba kukho ilele, ngelixa ulwelo iya kusasazwa phezu komhlaba kwaye ingena kuzo zonke ukuqanda. Ngoko ke, ukuba solder ukuya solder akwenzi manzi, umzekelo, ikopolo, ngoko ke asikwazi ingasetyenziswa nalo olu. Kuba ngelotha umkhokele alisetyenziswa ngendlela ecocekileyo. iimpawu zayo ilele ephantsi kakhulu kwaye awukwazi ukubala kumgangatho ophezulu zo xhulumaniso.
indawo yokunyibilika
Enoba ukumeka solder, iqondo lobushushu apho iqala ukunyibilika, kufuneka ube ngaphantsi izinto nawokunyibilika soldered. Kufuneka kwakhona ibe ngaphezu amaqondo ukusebenza ungamalungu.
Ethetha ubushushu yokunyibilikisa ukuthini iingongoma ezimbini. Le ixabiso apho ukunyibilika amacandelo fusible liya kuzisingatha kunye ubuncinane, apho ingxubevange kuba lulwelo. Umahluko phakathi kwezi amaqondo obushushu zimbini kuthiwa lokuphumla crystallization. Ukuba indawo ngelotha phakathi lo mahluko, ukuba imithwalo nokuba ezincinane zomatshini kwi workpiece unako ukutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo isakhiwo solder. Ngokunxulumene noku ziya kubhiyozelwa brittleness ephakamileyo ukuxhathisa. Khumbula into eziphambili: musa nangayiphi na indlela kuchaphazele uxulumano okoko nje solder kuba ngelotha ayikho acacisa ngokupheleleyo.
iimpawu ezibalulekileyo solders
Enoba uhlobo lwe ingxubevange, ukuze isetyenziswe kunye nantoni eziphathekayo, akufuneki ukuba ibe nayiphi na enzima okanye ezinye izinto eziyityhefu ngaphezu norm lusekiwe. Ukubunjwa izinto solder elivumelana iinkcukacha ubuninzi. Kungenjalo, akuyi kuba nako ukufumana uqhagamshelwano ethembekileyo. brittleness ngokugqithiseleyo ziya kwenzeka.
Nawuphi solder, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo kunye nenjongo, kufuneka thermally izinzile. Kwakhona, lo solder ngenxa ngelotha kufuneka ube elektrostabilnostyu. Kufuneka uthathe ingqalelo okuza lokwanda thermal kunye conductivity thermal. Kufuneka kwahluka kakhulu ukusuka amaxabiso ukuba isicelo iimveliso solder.
Iintlobo solder for ngelotha
Zonke aluminiyamu ezikhoyo kulo msebenzi wohlulwe ezithambileyo okanye fusible, apho iqondo lobushushu ukunyibilika kukuba izidanga ukuya ku 450 Celsius aqinileyo. Apha, akukho iphezulu kakhulu lingaphezulu kunexabiso ngasentla.
solders ezithambileyo
Enye aluminium nebhekile-yokukhokela ethandwa kakhulu futhi ngokubanzi uthathwa ukuba enesiqulatho ezahlukeneyo izakhi. Ukuze anike iimpawu eziphathekayo eyimfuneko solder ukuba ngelotha kungongezwa ezahlukeneyo izithako ezongezelelweyo. Umzekelo, bismuth kunye isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe, zisetyenziswa ukuya kwabancinane lobushushu yokunyibilikisa le. Ukongeza kwistibhiya kwandisa amandla welungu ngesinyithi.
Aluminiyamu welothe nenkcenkce babe indawo yokunyibilika eliphantsi kunye namandla ephantsi. Kufuneka asinakusetyenziselwa iindawo, ukusebenza equka umthwalo kakhulu. Kwakhona, le solders akukhuthazwa ukuba amaqondo olusebenza ngayo amalungu aya kuba ngaphezu kwe-100 ° C. Ukuba kufuneka solder iindawo zithwele solders ethambileyo, kufuneka uzame ukwandisa indawo lokudibana phakathi iimveliso ezimbini.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto ezithandwa athambileyo ziyakwazi ukuchongeka pic-18 pic-30 pic-40 pic-61 pic-90. Amanani anikwa ngenxa isizathu. Le yipesenti tin kwi ingxubevange. Kushishino kubhaliwe ngakumbi ezisetyenziswa xa kusenziwa elektroniki, ukwenza isixhobo. Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, nabo ukudibanisa iintlobo zinamacandelwana: shini yesekethe, nasezimbizeni microwave, oongxawu zombane kunye nezinye izixhobo ezincinane.
solders Ukubekwa
POS-90 yenzelwe ukusebenza kunye iinkcukacha, eya kuthi ke kusingathwa kwezobuchwepheshe galvanic. POS-61 ingasetyenziswa xa kulungiswa kwezixhobo ngendlela. Kwakhona, ingxubevange ezilungele ngokudibanisa iziqwenga yoxanduva eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo izinto. POS-61 kwaba ngokwalo ngokugqibeleleyo nje solder ngokuba nobhedu ngelotha nobhedu. Solder ilungele xa kuyimfuneko kukufikelela iikhompawundi esitalini conductivity eliphezulu lombane.
POS-40 isetyenziswa ngokubanzi imisebenzi kunye iinkcukacha nankathalo ayichananga. Kule ndawo isebenza lingaba kufudunyezwe kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. PIC-30 ezifanelekileyo ngelotha ubhedu okanye ubhedu, intsimbi kunye aluminiyamu zentsimbi.
okuqinileyo
Phakathi aluminiyamu eliyinjubaqa zisetyenziswa kakhulu yaye ahluka amaqela amabini kuphela. Oku ikakhulu ubhedu okanye isiliva aluminium.
Iqela lokuqala angaquka solder, ubhedu zinc. Ngabo kahle kwabo izakhi eya kuchatshazelwa yi umthwalo static. Ubu ezi aluminiyamu awuvumeli ukuba siwasebenzise kwiindawo baya kubona uqhankqalazo okanye nayiphi lokungcangcazela.
Ngu solders zobhedu okanye ezaqanjwa zinc-based ziquka Xhosa-36 kunye Xhosa-54. Okokuqala - lo ubhedu solder ogqibeleleyo ukuba ngelotha okanye naziphi na ezinye iikhompawundi yobhedu. Eyesibini ikufanele ukusetyenziswa kumalungu zobhedu, ubhedu okanye intsimbi.
Ukuba ufuna ukudibanisa kunye iinxalenye ezimbini intsimbi, ngoko kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukusebenzisa ubhedu olusulungekileyo, nobhedu kumabanga L-62, L-62, L-68. Ezi solders zisekelwe ngobhedu ingadala iikhompawundi eyomeleleyo kunye zeplastiki. aluminiyamu zobhedu babe neempawu ezifana.
Igqalwa aphezulu aluminiyamu umgangatho yesilivere. Ukubunjwa kwakhona ziqulathe izinc nangobhedu. AKP-70 - Solder ngokuba nobhedu ngelotha, ukuze zisetyenziswe ezinamacandelo ngobhedu okanye isiliva. Le nto ilungele ukuba isiza uqhagamshelwano kufuneka aqhube umbane. SDP-65 ezisetyenziswa xa kusenziwa izacholo, izixhobo, imibhobho yamanzi. AKP-45 luyafuneka ukuze odibanisa iindawo, apho ezisebenza phantsi lokungcangcazela kunye nokothuka imithwalo.
nezinye iintlobo
Kukho nezinye solders, ngaphantsi ethandwayo. Amaxesha amaninzi asetyenziswa nesinyithi ezinqabileyo okanye ukusebenza kwiimeko ezizodwa. Hi xikombiso, le imixube nickel-siseko elungiselelwe iimveliso ezisebenza iimeko aphezulu obushushu. Kwakhona solder aluminiyamu emelana nokudliwa ngumhlwa. Solders, ngokusekelwe igolide ekwakusetyenzwa ngayo umsebenzi netyhubhu cleaner. Kukho solders ezifanelekileyo nezinki.
release Form
Materials kunye nokwenziwa ukuze brazing zifumaneka ngeendlela ngeendlela. Ngenxa yoko, kusenokuba ucingo, indawo ngefoyile ye obhityileyo, iipilisi, umgubo. Iyafumaneka njenge intlama solder okanye granules. Kwifomu kuxhomekeke, njengoko solder iya kufumaneka kwindawo yomsebenzi.
Iimpawu aluminium brazing
iindawo ambaxa brazing aluminiyam esetyenziswa kwishishini kwaye ekhaya. Umzekelo, izakhelo zanamhlanje ibhayisekile zenziwa aluminium ingxubevange - xa uqhuba kakhulu, bona badla saphule. Umbuzo: olunjani solder ukukhetha?
Ekukholelwa ukuba ngelotha ye-aluminiyam - yinkqubo entsonkothileyo kakhulu. Kodwa enyanisweni oku kunjalo, ukuba inkqubo esebenzisa izixhobo for steel stainless okanye ubhedu, intsimbi, ubhedu. Isizathu soku - bhanya-bhanya oxide. Loo nto ayiniki inqanaba ezinqwenelekayo wettability kwaye akumele kubenze metal.
I-aluminiyamu ngelotha kunye aluminium yayo
Loo msebenzi uya kuqhubeka kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo, lo solder ngenxa ngelotha ye-aluminiyam kufuneka luqulathe lesilicon,-aluminiyam, ikopolo, izinc nesilivere. Namhlanje, imarike unako ukufumana sisincoko apho zonke ezi macandelo kusenziwa ngokwemilinganiselo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukukhetha solder enokuthenjwa, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela oku kulandelayo. Le nokumelana bukhulu kunye namandla eliphezulu kuba umchiza apho kwenziwa i solder, equlethe okuninzi ye zinc.
Kwakhona aluminium ingasetyenziswa iikhompawundi ze inkcenkce nelothe basis. Kodwa kubalulekile ukulungiselela kakuhle wobuso, ibhrashi ukucoca insimbi, kunye nokusetyenziswa fluxes esebenzayo. Kodwa iingcali azilukhuthazi ukusetyenziswa into enjalo.
Nayiphi solder iqondo lobushushu eliphezulu aluminium brazing. Eyona kakuhle, ukuba ukuvumela ukuba ufumane uqhagamshelwano oluthembekileyo, - aluminiyamu-lesilicon aluminium-copper-electronic.
Indlela solder ubhedu?
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukusebenza isininzi ezaqanjwa. Ingasetyenziswa njengezinga-kubushushu obuphantsi-yokunyibilika kunye brazing lokufaka zesinyithi. Enye ukusetyenziswa nokudala ngokusekelwe tin-ilothe, inkcenkce, isilivere, nobhedu, nesilivere zinc.
Ukuba ufuna ukulungisa motherboard computer okanye ukulungisa le TV kweli lizwe, ungasebenzisa naziphi na izinto fusible. Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba solder izixhobo kwi imibhobho okanye imibhobho okanye ukulungisa efrijini, ngoko kuphela ilingane izinto brazing ngenxa brazing zezobhedu. Ngoko ke kunokwenzeka ukuba afumane iziphumo ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
steel stainless
Ukuba ufuna ukudibanisa inxalenye insimbi, nabasebenzayo bacebisa ukusetyenziswa iintonga inkcenkce nelothe. izinto kunye isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe, nazo afaneleka kahle. Ungenza isicelo aluminium fusible esekelwe zinc. Noko ke, kufuneka zingasetyenziswa ngokusebenzisana ne-carbon okanye ezisezantsi-ingxubevange yodidi. solder egqibeleleyo ngelotha of insimbi - sisincoko esekelwe etotini ecocekileyo. Ukongeza, kuphela tin uvumelekile ukuba indawo ngelotha uya kuqhagamshelana kunye nokutya.
Ukuba umsebenzi kuya kwenziwa kwi imeko ezomileyo okanye iziko, ngoko ukusebenzisa zesilivere manganese, nickel-chromium okanye nyulu solder ubhedu (kwaye ngaphezulu kukhethwa zobhedu). Xa ngelotha kuyimfuneko kwiindawo bako, sebenzisa isilivere tinoli yinxalenye encinane nickel.
Pike steel
Dibanisa iinxalenye ezimbini azikho nzima omnye komnye. solder olufikelelekayo nekhutheleyo ngelotha ngentsimbi - POS-41. Kukho kwakhona POS-60 kunye nabanye, nokuba ingasetyenziswa tin ecocekileyo. Kodwa zinc kokwakheka embi efanelekileyo. Ingakumbi xa kuziwa carbon okanye ezisezantsi-ingxubevange izinto.
Fluxes for brazing
Ngexesha ukusebenza wobhobhozayo idlala indima engaphantsi kwe solder. Le chemical absorber zesinyibilikisi kunye oxides. Kwakhona sikhusela nesinyithi kwiindawo igcwala kunye nokunyuka ilele.
Ukuze asebenze iziqalelo ngokusekelwe yepeyinti nenkcenkce njengoko wampompoza nga tirhisiwaka zehydrochloric acid, zinc chloride. Kwakhona umfutho efanelekileyo, ammonium chloride. Oku fluxes esebenzayo. Kuba engasebenziyo ziquka rosin, petroleum ijeli, namafutha omnquma, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi.
Umzekelo, izisombululo acid zehydrochloric zingasetyenziswa kunye solders ethambileyo. Izinki chloride isetyenziswa nobhedu, ubhedu, intsimbi. Ammonia, ulala ngokupheleleyo esahlula kwaye eyibhangisa izinto okunamafutha. Kuba aluminium usebenzisa sisincoko ka- tung-oyile, rosin, calcined zinc chloride. Unako kwakhona isicelo kanzulu phosphoric acid.
Ngoko ke, siye safumanisa ukuba le solders, yaye nguwuphi kuhle ukusebenzisa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.
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