Cathodic ukhuselo: isicelo kunye nemigangatho

Nokumelana - yokusabela imichiza kunye electrochemical etyhidiweyo kunye nokusingqongileyo, ebangela umonakalo. Ayajika ngezantya ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo lincitshiswe. Ukusuka kwindawo ezenziwayo umdla na anti-umhlwa ukhuselo cathodic zezakhiwo metal wadibana emhlabeni, ndawonye namanzi, kunye namajelo eendaba. Ingakumbi umonakalo ingaphandle umbhobho komhlaba kwimiphumo zomhlaba kunye emhlabeni nomsinga.

nokumelana Inside kuxhomekeke iimpawu eliphakathi. Ukuba igesi, kufuneka ngokucokisekileyo icocwe ukusuka ukufuma kunye nezinto bako, emanzini, ioksijini kunye nabanye.

isimiso ukusebenza

Iinjongo yenkqubo umhlwa electrochemical ezi metal aphakathi kunye therebetween interface. NgoLwesithathu, ongowona umhlaba ofumileyo okanye emanzini, abe conductivity elungileyo zombane. Ngelo interface phakathi kwayo kunye nesakhiwo ezibengezelayo basabela electrochemical kwenzeka. Ukuba yangoku entle (i electrode anode), lihlaleni ion intsimbi isicombululo ejikelezileyo, nto leyo ikhokelela kwilahleko ubunzima ngentsimbi. Reaction ibangela nokumelana. Ekubeni ngoku ezimbi (i electrode cathode) abe ezi ilahleko, ekubeni kudlula electron zibe isisombululo. Le ndlela isetyenziswa electroplating ukuba isicelo Ipeyinti ukuba nawo zesinyithi ayoni.

Uthintelo nokumelana Cathodic ikhutshwa phandle xa into ikhutshwa ukusuka ligxekekayo yentsimbi.

Ukulungiselela le njongo, ukufakwa emhlabeni kwaye i electrode anode eqhagamshelwe noko omhle ezinokuvela umthombo wamandla. Ngaphantsi nakwesiphi na into ezikhuselweyo. Cathodic anode ukhuseleko kukhokelela ukuthotywa olusebenzayo ukusuka umhlwa le anode electrode kuphela. Ngoko ke, kufuneka kufakwe ngamathuba athile.

Nefuthe elibi umhlwa galvanic

ayile nokumelana kunokwenzeka ukususela intshukumo imisinga aqhele abangena kwezinye iindlela. Zinceda ekujoliswe kodwa zibangela umonakalo elibalulekileyo kwizakhiwo ngokusondeleyo bebekwe. imisinga siphambuka Inokuinikezwa yi zothutho ngololiwe yashukumisa. Baya usinge zombane hit imibhobho. Xa imveliso leyo kuyilwa iindawo anodic, ebangela umhlwa olukhulu. Ukukhusela kutsalwe yombane isicelo - yokuyeka eyodwa ikhoyo ngoku ukusuka yombhobho ukuya kumthombo. Kwakhona kuyenzeka ukhuselo cathodic kwemibhobho nxamnye umhlwa. Kuba oku kuyimfuneko ukwazi ubukhulu imisinga eziyabulayo, ezo kulinganiswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo.

Ngokutsho iziphumo ngokwemilinganiso zombane bakhetha indlela ukhuselo ezisendleleni. ndlela yeyona ndlela angenzi umbhobho yokwambathisa adibane emhlabeni wacanda Ipeyinti zokwambathisa ezikhoyo. ukhuselo Cathodic yalo mbhobho inxulumene indlela esebenzayo.

yokuvikela imibhobho

Design emhlabeni ukuzikhusela nxamnye umhlwa, xa uqhagamshela kubo thabatha kubakhuthaza njalo ngoku, yaye plus - ukuba i electrode anode, ukuze ndimngcwabe emhlabeni elilandelayo. Zangoku aqukuqela ukuba isakhiwo, ukukhusela kuyo umhlwa. Bayibhalayo ukhuseleko cathodic kwemibhobho, amatanki okanye uluhlu lwemibhobho akhiwe emhlabeni.

I electrode anodic ziya kugxagxiseka kwaye kufuneka njalo indawo. Kuba itanki ezele ngamanzi, i electrode zibekwe ngaphakathi. Ulwelo yi electrolyte apho ngoku aqukuqela ephuma anodes ukuya kwisikhongozeli kumphezulu. I electrode zilawulwa kakuhle, yaye kulula indawo. Umhlaba kunzima kakhulu ukwenza.

supply amandla

Kufutshane oyile negesi imibhobho, ukufudumeza kunye nonikezelo lwamanzi uthungelwano, efuna ukhuselo cathodic, ukuseka izikhululo apho ombane lisetyenziswe izinto. Ukuba bathe babekwa emoyeni evulekileyo, ngesidanga yokhuseleko kufuneka ibe ubuncinane IP34. Ngamagumbi ezomileyo ubuphi.

Izitishi zokhuseleko cathodic kwemibhobho kunye nezinye izibonelelo ezingundoqo nomthamo-1 ukuya kwi-10 kW.

parameters zabo zamandla zixhomekeke ubukhulu becala ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• ukumelana phakathi komhlaba kunye anode;
• conductivity umhlaba;
• ubude bommandla ukhuseleko;
• enamathela sinceda ekugcineni ubushushu.

Ngokwemveli, lo transducer i ufakelo wokhuseleko sombane cathodic. Ke kaloku indawo inverter, kunye nobukhulu ezincinane yayo, uzinzo ngcono mkhulu kakuhle amandla. Kwiindawo ebalulekileyo echazwe nabaqondisi ukuba imisebenzi ulawulo lwangoku kunye ombane, ulungelelaniso kunye nezinye nekhono zokuzikhusela.

Izixhobo Ndaziswa emarikeni ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Iimfuno ezithile isicelo yoyilo isiko, ukubonelela iimeko ezingcono zokusebenza.

Iparameters umthombo yangoku

Ukukhusela ngokuchasene umhlwa ongase zentsimbi akhuselayo 0,44 V. Kuqeqesho kufuneka ibe nkulu ngenxa kwimpembelelo inclusions kunye nemeko kobuso sentsimbi. Elona xabiso liphezulu le-1 V. In ubukho Ipeyinti metal okwangoku phakathi electrode ngu 0.05 ma / m ^2. Ukuba ngendlela yophukile, oko kwandisa ku-10 Ma / m ^2.

ukhuselo Cathodic iyasebenza idityaniswe nezinye iindlela; kuba amandla ngaphantsi kuyaphela. Ukuba isakhiwo phezu uba ukutyabeka lacquer, ekhuselweyo electrochemically indawo kuphela apho kantu.

Iimpawu zokhuseleko cathodic

1. imithombo emandleni isitishi okanye inkunkuma mobile.
2. iibhedi Indawo anode kuxhomekeke nkcukacha kwemibhobho. Amalungiselelo nkqubo isasazwe okanye ngokwendawo, kwaye ibekwe kubunzulu ezahlukeneyo.
3. impahla Anode kukhethiwe kunye ukunyibilika ephantsi, oko ngokwanele ukuba kwiminyaka eli-15.
4. endle Potential yokuzikhusela zibalelwa yombhobho ngamnye. Yena azilawulwa, ukuba izakhiwo akukho ukutyabeka olukhuselayo.

Iimfuno Standard "Gazprom" wokukhuselwa Cathodic

• Action ngexesha lokudla wokhuseleko.
• Ukhuseleko ngokuchasene overvoltage komoya.
• Ukubeka izitishi esibayeni-iibhokisi okanye ozimeleyo vandal ezingatshiyo.
• Anodic isisekelo zikhethelwe kwiindawo ukuxhathisa zombane ubuncinane zomhlaba.
• iimpawu transducer zikhethwa ngokusekelwe ekugugeni ukutyabeka olukhuselayo mome.

ukhuseleko umbingelelo

Le ndlela uhlobo yokukhusela cathodic ne electrode uxhulumaniso lwe intsimbi electronegative ngakumbi ngokusebenzisa medium conductive. Umahluko siyifumana kungekho umthombo wamandla. Unyathele nokumelana kuthatha phezu ngokwayo, ukunyibilikisa kwindawo conductive.

Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva le anode kufuneka itshintshwe, ngenxa yokuba yaveliswa.

Isiphumo anode kwandisa kunye nokuhla resistance yakhe yenguqu kokusingqongileyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oko kunokwenziwa isale umaleko nokumelana. Oku kuphumela qha zombane amahlwempu. Xa afakwe anode umxube neetyuwa yokubonelela wokupheliswa iimveliso umhlwa, ukusebenza kakuhle.

Effect unyathele kuphela. Radius emiselwe yi uxhathiso zombane ze eliphakathi kwaye umahluko enokubakho phakathi anode kunye cathode.

ukhuselo imibingelelo engekho umthombo wamandla isicelo, okanye xa ukusetyenziswa kwazo ayikho inokusebenza ngokorhwebo. Kwakhona disadvantageous xa esetyenziswa kwiindawo emuncu ngenxa yenqanaba eliphakamileyo lwezenzo kokuphela anodes. YoMkhuseli shelwe emanzini, emhlabeni okanye a cala medium. Le anodes zesinyithi ehlambulukileyo musa kuvamise. zinc ngamanyala kwenzeka bengaphuhlanga ngokulinganayo, nemagnesium ezinokudla kakhulu ngokukhawuleza, kwaye oxides aluminiyamu ibe okuqinileyo umboniso.

izinto ngabakhuseli

Ukuba anyathele abe neempawu yokusebenza efunekayo, zenziwe aluminium le dopants zilandelayo.

• Zn + 0,025-0,15% L + 0,1-0,5% Al - ukhuselo lwezixhobo kumanzi.
• Al + 8% Zn + 5% MG + Z, E, Gl, HG, TL, MN, Si (iqhezu le pesenti) - ukusebenza zezakhiwo elibaleka olwandle.
• Mg + 5-7% Al + 2-5% Zn - ukhuselo kwezakhiwo ezincinane emhlabeni okanye emanzini kunye ingqalelo ityuwa eliphantsi.

ukusetyenziswa engafanelekanga yintende ezithile ikhokelela neziphumo ezibi. Anodes ezenziwe wemagniziyam kunokubangela nokuqhekeka kwezixhobo ngenxa kuphuhliso hydrogen embrittlement.

Unyathele ngokudibeneyo ukhuselo cathodic evela Ipeyinti umhlwa akhuthaze indlela yayo.

protective distribution langoku kuphuculwe yaye anodes efunekayo ingaphantsi kakhulu. Enye magnesium anode ukhusela itha camera pipe kwi ubude-8 km kwaye uncoated - kuphela 30 m.

ukhuselo nokumelana lwemizimba imoto

Xa umzimba isithuthi ububanzi ukungathobeli ukutyabeka ukuze zibhalwe kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya ku-1 mm, t. E. Through irusi. Ukubuyiselwa umaleko yokhuselo kubalulekile, kodwa ukongezelela eye indlela ukugqiba Ekuphelisweni inkqubo umhlwa ngokuthi iindlela zokukhusela cathodic galvanic. Ukuba uvula umzimba ibe metal cathode umhlwa uphelile. Anodes inokuba nayiphi umphezulu conductive, akhiwe kufutshane: ipleyiti yesinyithi, umphathi wesekethe isiseko bezindlu egaraji, umanzi endleleni. Kulo mzekelo, ukusebenza wokhuseleko kwandisa kunye ummandla anode. Ukuba anode ke endleleni, ukuba uqhagamshelane nabo usebenzise i 'umsila "le yerabha metallized. Ibekwe phambi kwe amavili, ukuba siwe ngcono wokutshiza. I "Yibambe ngomsila" uyazimela emzimbeni.

Ngu anode liqhagamshelaniswe nge ibhetri dibanisa 1 kohm resistor kwaye lidibane uthotho nayo LED. Xa ivaliwe beesekethe ngokusebenzisa anode xa idityaniswe ngomzimba kwimo yesiqhelo LED kukhanyise umoya. Ukuba elivutha eqaqambileyo, oko kuthetha ukuba kwisiphaluka elifutshane kwenzeka kwisekethe. Cause kufuneka kufunyanwa mazwe.

Ukukhusela nangendlela ecwangciswe kakuhle ngokulandelelana ezikwi kufuneka uzifakelele fuse.

Xa isithuthi egaraji anode yayo idityaniswe emhlabeni. Ngexesha intshukumo yokuqhagamshelwa kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa i "Yibambe ngomsila."

isiphelo

ukhuselo Cathodic yindlela yokwandisa ukuthembeka zokusebenza imibhobho ephantsi komhlaba kunye nezinye izakhiwo. Kufuneka uthathe ingqalelo ifuthe layo elibi imigca ezikufutshane kwimpembelelo imisinga singawi.