Le ndawo yase-Indiya. Sifunda izinto eziliqela geographical

India (elinye igama - Bharata) - enye kunawo kwintsimi ithi ehlabathini. Ukongeza, kuba lilizwe abanamasiko elide kangaka, ukuba ngokuchanileyo ngesidima "nelaye lasisiseko senkcubeko." impumelelo-Indiya kumaxesha amandulo zamaxesha aphakathi amayeza, inkcubeko, iimfundiso zefilosofi kunye zonqulo ziye zaba negalelo elikhulu ukuvela nophuhliso ngakumbi mpucuko laseMpuma.

ezinye izibalo

Area India kumba kakhulu. Ilizwe esisuka 3214 km ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi 2033 km ukusuka entshona ukuya empuma ayikho kuphela oweeneem Indian (South Asia), nesinqumka ezingoonxantathu sisiya kungena Indian Ocean, kodwa ubandakanya iziqithi mpuma woLwandle Inkolo. Ukuba sithelekisa ubungakanani yaseIndiya kwikota. km kwaye labemi, kucaca ukuba le yeyona inabantu kakhulu abaninzi lizwe. It ubekwa kwindawo yesibini kwihlabathi ngokwemiqathango labemi kunye intsimi - wesixhenxe kuphela.

Indawo India macala onke. km - ngaphezulu kwe-3 000 000. Abemi - 1,220,800,359 (data ukususela ngo-2013). Kuba abalandeli amanani ezithile chaza oko indawo of India ukuba izixa-2014 ukuya 3.287.263 square metres. km. Ilizwe imida kunye mazwe alandelayo: Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Bhutan, Nepal, iBurma Bangladesh. Ukongezelela, iindinyana ulwandle ezahlulwe India ukusuka Sri Lanka kunye Indonesia.

labantu

kuqamba National ezahlukeneyo. A indawo enkulu eyayihlala Dravidians of India, Telugu, Marathi, Hindustanis, Bengali kunye nezizwe ezininzi ezincinci kunye nobuzwe. Malunga ne-80% yabo - amaSilamsi, malunga ne-14% - amaKristu, kukho kwakhona namaSikh kunye amaBhuda. Kwiilwimi ezininzi oluthethwa ngabantu yaseIndiya, urhulumente waqonda 18 ulwimi olusemthethweni belizwe - IsiNgesi nesi-Hindi.

okulindeleke ukuba amadoda India --avareji engama 58, abafazi - 59. Ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela, amadoda njalo ngaphezulu kancinane nabafazi (1000 ukuya 929). Kumashumi eminyaka yokugqibela kubulela kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini kuphuhliso amayeza kunye nokuphuculwa abaphila kwamaNdiya kweminyaka yokuphila phantse kabini.

Ngelo xesha, ilizwe iyaqhubeka ukuba ahlale izinga lokuzala liphezulu ngenxa nemigangatho yokuziphatha kunye zezenkolo sezantsi kwezinga lolwazi lokufunda, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba ombane kule meko yezibalo.

Isimo namhlanje

Indawo, indawo yonke of India yahlulwe States (kukho 28), kwaye kukho 7 imimandla womanyano. division State kwaba ihlelwe ngo-1956 kunye nezinye amaxesha lwamathanga. Imida ithi entsha idale kwimigca yesizwe kweelwimi kunye. Nangona ukuphuculwa okuthe chu imigangatho yokuphila kweli lizwe zamaNdiya kusekho asisininzi ngqo ngaphantsi kweqondo lentlupheko. 2/3 abantu behlabathi kunye imivuzo iphantsi, bahlala India. Eyona umsebenzi labemi - ezolimo. India - kwazalelwa kunye nomthengisi eziphambili kurhwebo lwezolimo izityalo ezininzi ehlabathini: ummoba, irayisi, umqhaphu. kwakhona idlala indima engundoqo imveliso yeti, peanuts njalo njalo. n. Ukongeza, urhulumente inee- kwemithombo yendalo. Noninzi lwezinto amalahle kunye manganese ore apha - enye enkulu irekhodi ehlabathini.

umnotho

Light koshishino India zombini amashishini mihla kunye unokwakhela. Xa ihlabathi edumileyo amalaphu umqhaphu Indiya, isilika eqaqambileyo, ngethwathwa, uboya, izacholo. Indawo okhokelayo ukuthunyelwa kweemveliso bangamalungu amatye anqabileyo kunye semi-elinqabileyo, ubuhle apho lizwe abanekratshi ngobulungisa.

Kuzo zonke ilizwe, nomzi, indawo nganye imveliso yayo ezibonakala ngayo. I-Government of India likhuthaza uphuhliso kumacandelo ahlukeneyo ngokusekwa vaaki zoshishino - imimmandla irhafu aphantsi ixabiso lomhlaba. Icandelo lemali eli lizwe ke Rupee Indiya.

A bit kwendawo

Phantse yonke indawo ka-Indiya Deccan Plateau kuyo. Kumntla karhulumente inkqubo ntaba iphezulu ehlabathini - malayas. Malunga 3/4 lonke elo lizwe kuhlala amathafa agudle entshona kunye empuma kungathi ezintabeni. Imilambo eziphambili - iGanges, i-Indus kunye Brahmaputra imila- zabo otyebileyo ziphakathi kwezona ndawo enabantu abaninzi kweli lizwe.

Imozulu kwi usingasiqithi, ubukhulu becala emvula. Ehlotyeni uphalaze zemvula-70 ukuya kwi-90% yazo zonke nemimiselo ye kwezulu. Shillong Plateau e-Indiya ithathwa ukuba kwindawo ezinemvula kumazwekazi zomhlaba.

Izihluma lunikelwa amathafa, emaqeleni kunye nemiqolomba entabeni, kunye amahlathi ukusuka Conifers ukuya ziluhlaza yimvula, leyo ngu 1/4 we kwintsimi lonke.

Le zezilwanyana yeyona angafaniyo India kunokuba naphi na ehlabathini. abameli ezininzi izilwanyana kweli lizwe iziqu njengento engcwele, ukubulawa kwabo esalelweyo, kangangokuba izixeko kunye neendlela kunokubonwa iinkomo iinkampu ngokukhululekileyo, iinkawu, iindidi zeentaka.

Emahlathini leli lizwe Bagciniwe nkqu imihlambi eendlovu zasendle, ngamanye amaxesha kukho imikhombe phantse extinct kunye amahlosi. India - umnini enkulu ehlabathini imfuyo (iinkomo, iibhokhwe, buffaloes, neenkamela). izilwanyana ezingcwele nazo uziqwalasele iindlovu, leyo ukususela kumaxesha amandulo luxhomekeke uqeqesho.

India - elimangalisayo ilizwe exotic nomtsalane kakhulu abakhenkethi, nganye liya kufumana into olulolwabo.