LIBOR: Ibali ukwenzeka, ukubala

LIBOR, iinkcukacha ezo accumulated Thomson Reuters olugunyaziswe Intercontinental Exchange (ICE), kuba sisalathisi esibalulekileyo kwisistim yezemali. Umele avareji lenzala kwimali ebiyiboleka zizodwa. ukukhula kwayo ibonisa ukungabikho kwemali simahla kurhwebo. Libor umyinge wenzala ibalwa ukuba iimali ezintlanu amaxesha asixhenxe ngetyala. Amaziko amaninzi zemali ukuyisebenzisa ngenxa izibalo zabo, ugxininisa umsebenzi wayo.

Imbali ingenzeka

Ngo-1980, umkhosi izixhobo ezitsha zemali emarikeni, ezifana: segazi umyinge wenzala, iinketho imali kunye nezivumelwano phambili. Kwaye iye yaqalisa ukungaqiniseki elininzi zonke iinzame ukuqikelela ukuphuhliswa kwenkqubo. Ngo-Oktobha 1984, uMbutho oonobhanki British 'laqalisa imilinganiselo segazi izinga lenzala. Kwaye waba siphu- Libor. Ukubambana ukuya ophelileyo yaqalisa ngokusesikweni ngoJanuwari 1986.

LIBOR ibalwa ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ze-Reference Bank. Oku kukuvumela ukuba yokugubungela kumazwe angaphezu kwama-60. Ngenxa yoko, izinga Libor lisetyenziswa ngamaziko ezininzi zemali kunye nemibutho yorhwebo njengodondolo ukumisela umdla zayo ukusetyenziswa ngetyala. EUnited States, malunga nama-80% of nezivumelwano zokubambisa Mzansi ebotshelelwe kuyo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kule ndawo ehlabathini lonke sebenzisa LIBOR ngeedola US. Ngoko ke, mboleko mboleko kuchaphazela izenzo Fed kaThixo.

definition

LIBOR - yipesenti avareji amatyala kwimarike ozalwa ke, kubalwa ngokususela uphando bamaziko zemali ezikhethiweyo, makagcinwe, ndide 11 kusasa ixesha London. Ngoko ke, eli nani sithabathela ingqalelo:

• Ukunikwa amaziko ilungileyo ixabiso kwemali zayo simahla kwi kwimarike ozalwa ngayo.
• Umahluko yeerhafu ngeemali ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo-ehlabathini.
• Iindleko mali kwiimarike zemali London.

yokubala

Libor ibalwa kwaye ipapashwe yi-arhente Intercontinental Exchange Thomson Reuters. Yonke imihla de 11 am ixesha London yaqhuba uphando eziliqela iibhanki malunga iirhafu zabo ngemali. Abane extremum nomphezulu zikhabane akabalwa kubalo. Wonke umntu inxaxheba ekubaleni ngokomlinganiselo, leyo LIBOR. At 11:30 kusasa, ixesha eLondon, Thomson Reuters Arhente ipapasha le salathisi. Oku kubalwa ixesha ixesha 7 kunye zemali ezintlanu. Umzekelo, kukho inyanga ezintathu-dollar Libor rate.

Ngo-1986 eli nani kubalwa ukuba iimali amathathu - i-dollar, imina British kunye uphawu waseJamani. Emva koko - ukuba elinesithandathu. Ngo-2000, amazwe amaninzi aye angena endaweni euro. Rates zabalwa ngenxa zemali ezilishumi. Ngo-2013, emva kokuba kwihlazo wasiqhekeza, kwagqitywa ukunciphisa uluhlu ukuya ezintlanu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, Libor ibalwa ngenxa US dollar, Euro, imina waseBritani, yen Japanese kunye franc Swiss.

De 1998, elona thuba lifutshane kakhulu ngetyala kuthathelwa ingqalelo xa kubalwa eli salathisi esenenyanga enye. Ngoko izinga ngeveki Libor akwenza. Kwaye 2001 - ngosuku. Emva kokuba utshintsho ngo-2013, Libor ibalwa ukuba amaxesha amisiweyo asixhenxe. Eli xesha lide mboleko - kodwa iinyanga ezilishumi elinesibini.

namahlazo

NgoJuni 2012, ngexesha lophando kwafunyanwa izinto ezininzi zenkohlakalo yi-Reference Bank for ukhetho amazinga Libor. I urhano yokuqala malunga ukuchana ulwazi olunikiweyo wabonakala ngo-2008. Ukuguqula yamanani ekubaleni iirhafu Libor ngeli xesha, nokuba wabiza omnye ezibangela lombhodamo kwiimalike zemali. Ngo-2013 waqalisa ukusebenza inani iinguqu ezinkulu kwesi salathisi, eyenzelwe ukuphucula elubala kunye nokuthintela uboniso ezingachanekanga kwinkqubo kwiimalike zemali.