Kokufa kukaStalin kunye nomzabalazo amandla

omkhulu utitshala, umntu ngentsimbi, despot, uzwilakhe, okhohlakeleyo kunye nomcinezeli ... Akukho nto zonke epithets ngazo unanamhla akhutshwa comrade Iosifa Vissarionovicha Stalina. Kodwa abethe phakathi kwelungileyo nembi - igama le yezopolitiko obalaseleyo ukususela 1920 de kwasa ekufeni kwakhe ngowe-1953, elikhokelwa ngurhulumente yiSoviet, nazi, khumbula ukuba uninzi lwamazwe. Kuyo yonke le minyaka wobukumkani bakhe kwakukho iziganeko ezininzi ezibalulekileyo eziye lanempembelelo kwimbali zombini i-USSR kunye nehlabathi. Kwemizi-mveliso, ukuhluthwa, ingcinezelo abaninzi, i-Terror Great, indlala, Second World War - yinxalenye encinane kuphela ye ntoni "isandla" lo mntu. Ngoko ke, ukufa Stalin yakhe waziphosa beqhela ulawulo ngoozwilakhe abantu ndimangalisekile: abantu abazi kuzinandipha okanye hayi, yokuba ilahleko. Noko ke, hayi bedidekile inkokeli somfundisi. Ukususela Stalin, ogama ukufa kwabangelwa stroke ngesiquphe, akazange ukulungiselela indawo, kunye nokudluliselwa ngokuthe ngcembe amandla omnye okanye elinye umncedisi yakhe ayizange yenzeke, ngoko waqalisa ukulwa bonke kunye neminye imirhumo. Eyona contenders eziphambili kulo mlo yajika ngabantu abathathu: Georgiy Maksimilianovich Malenkov, Nikita Sergeevich Hruschev kunye Lavrenty Pavlovich Beria.

Ngenxa ukuvumelana, abasemagunyeni kweli nqanaba lazisiwe inkqubo yobunkokheli ezidityanelweyo. GM Malenkov, ethetha ngoJulayi 1953 kwi Plenum of the CPSU Committee Central, wabonisa ukuba akukho mntu waba nabuganga kwaye akufunekanga ibe ndasukuzana kuba nendima umlandeli, ngenxa yokuba kuphela okuqinileyo, iqela oluhlangeneyo iinkokeli iqela inokufana hlobo. Noko ke, Malenkov, Khrushchev, kunye Beria wayekwiqela kwisizukulwana nokuhlelwa, kwakheka ngenxa uthe iqela kunye reshuffles 20-30s. Yiyo le imiqathango ngamandla kuphela kukaStalin korhulumente, yaye le meko iye wabethelela kuzo loo mbutho hlobo lobunkokheli eli lizwe.

kokufa kukaStalin yenze uhlengahlengiso olukhulu kwinkqubo yophuhliso ye-USSR. Ekupheleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II kwakukho iinguqulelo eziyimfuneko, yaye baye bavela. Kodwa nangona wavakalisa Malenkov umgaqo yobunkokheli esihlanganyelweyo, abasemagunyeni phambili wazinika ndawo. njengoko GM Malenkov waba ngentsika iNkulumbuso, naye ke intloko izixhobo karhulumente, ke ngoko, waba ngowokuqala phakathi lokulinganisa. Ngaphantsi indawo ebalulekileyo elinegunya bakhonza NS Khrushchev: abekuhambisa izixhobo iqela njengokuba kuNobhala weKomiti Central.

Ke Beria, waba kwisigxina entsonkothileyo kakhulu kwaye ingacaci kule triumvirate: amandla enkulu becala ezandleni zakhe. Waye e kwentloko Ministry Interior, zidibene ne-Ofisi yoMphathiswa of State Security. Kwangaxeshanye, waba phezu isithuba kasekela-sihlalo yokuqala yeBhunga laBaphathiswa. Lavrentiy Beriya wayengomnye bokuqala wazama ukuba anikele imbono yakhe utshintsho kwiinkalo ezininzi yomgaqo-nkqubo. Waye lweli yoxolelwaniso kunye yiYugoslavia, wacela ukuba negalelo kumanyano lwe eJamani, nokuba isiseko yongxowankulu, wema ngenxa ekuxhotyisweni republic eSoviet, njl ukufa lobuqu namabhongo Stalin kunye nezakhono wavumela Beria ukuphumeza iingcamango zabo, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba eli nani yokoyika kwamagosa aphezulu kwakhokelela inyathelo engaziwayo nxamnye naye. NgoJulayi 1953, Beria wabanjwa, watyholwa lokungcatsha kunye nokuzama iyelenqe lwalujoliswe ekuthatheni amandla. Kuthiwa lutshaba abantu, Lavrenty Pavlovich wagwetywa ukufa.

Ngenxa yokufa kukaStalin kunye nomzabalazo amandla kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni Malenkov nje ilahlwa ngenxa waxakwa ukugcina izintso amandla, ngelo xesha waqalisa "ukucoca izandla zabo" iqela. Khrushchev, owayeqeshwe uNobhala First of the Party Committee Central, wazibonakalisa ukuba ngakumbi anempembelelo, enamandla kunye nenkokheli akuyo, iimpawu lakhe siqu, ukukwazi ukuvakalisa izimvo nje eyiyo, kunye nenye iphayiphu ecetywayo utshintsho olubalulekileyo ukuba indlela yomsebenzi amalungu Party lwaba neempembelelo ezintle ngabantu abaninzi. Ukongeza, ukufa kukaStalin kunye Khrushchev kaThixo ukunyuka amandla yakhokelela nakwiinguqulelo ezifana ukupheliswa chu olu nqulo ubuntu, akulula xa uqeqeshelwa ukuba amalungiselelo neemeko kunye nomgaqo-thethwano, utyeshelo wedwa kwezoqoqosho, ekuqaleni intsebenziswano kunye nokuhlalisana ngoxolo kunye namanye amazwe.