Ubunye eJamani ngenkulungwane ye-19

Ngenkulungwane ye-19, iJamani kuthiwa yingcwele bamaRoma of the Nation waseJamani, nto leyo ubunjwe kumazwe angaphezu kwama-300. Phakathi kwabo, impembelelo mkhulu kwakukho Austria, eBavaria, Saxony, Prussia, Wurtemberg kunye nabanye. Le ithi aphantsi umlawuli kunye Ukutya ngokusesikweni kuphela, besonwabela inkululeko phantse ngokupheleleyo.

Ubunye eJamani ngenkulungwane ye-19 lwaqhutywa phantsi kwempembelelo yezinto ezininzi. Ngokomzekelo, kwabakho imfuneko ukwenza isithuba efanayo yezoqoqosho ukusuka kwindawo kwezoqoqosho ngayo. zezimali Various emali, izithintelo zorhwebo ezininzi kunokuthintela uphuhliso lorhwebo. Ukongeza, ukuba zibonise ubungozi kurhulumente kwafuneka ukuba simanyane, womelele kwaye zinamandla; kodwa singaxineki. It kwakufuneka amandla enye, zangaphakathi. Kungenxa yoko le nto umanyano iJamani yaba kudlula ixesha.

Ngenxa imfazwe kunye uNapoleon, oyiNgcwele bamaRoma of the Nation yaseJamani yaphela. E West Germany ukususela 1806 yayisekelwe 1813 Confederation of iRhine, leyo kuquka amazwe-16, kufuneka ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwizenzo zomkhosi kwicala France. On la mazwe, uNapoleon kwapheliswa serfdom , yaye ngowe-1804 savelisa Code Civil. Noko ke, emva kokoyiswa kukaNapoleon Union iwa.

Ngowe-1815, kwakukho esimnandi 4 Imizi simahla 34 ithi kwi German Confederation Congress of Vienna phantsi kobunkokheli Austria. Baya bahlala inkululeko yabo, kodwa wanikwa indima ephambili of Austria, nguye njengoko likarhulumente likhulu emzimbeni sigqibo - i Ukutya.

Ngowe-1834, i-Customs Union yamiselwa, olu sapho lwaluquka Prussia, eBavaria, kunye nomnye 16 ithi. Baphila Prussia, nayo leyo wafuna ukuhlanganisa eJamani. Oku incediswa ukunyuka ngamandla mveliso rhoqo ngonyaka.

Wahlaba umtyangapho wekhwelo lokumanywa eJamani phantsi komyalelo wakhe balwa uthi ezimbini ezinkulu - Austria ne-Prussia. Eyokuqala yaba lilizwe zamaKatolika multi-yobuhlanga. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba emibuzo kazwelonke bukhali. Ngaphezu koko, oko umva ngokwezoqoqosho.

Ubunye iJamani kwenziwa zomkhosi. Ngowe-1866, xa intloko imikhosi Prussia O. Bismarck wenza isivumelwano elihlebo Italy nxamnye Austria. Ngo June nyaka mnye ukumqumbisa imfazwe, yomxhaso Holstein. Ngomhla ngesiphakamiso Austria Federal Diet yamkela isigqibo nokuvuselelwa imikhosi nxamnye Prussia. Ngenxa amabutho Prussia kwaye Italian wahlasela Austria kunye namahlakani ayo. Le yokugqibela wachithwa. Agasti 24, 1866 ePrague utyikitywe Prussia uxolo umnqophiso apho Austria nethe onke amabango okuba yiyo kubungangamsha kwi ithi German.

Emva kokuba ngoloyiso Prussia phezu Austria, owokuqala yaba unifier kuphela. To connect northern amazwe aseJamani, Prussia wamoyisa Denmark kunye nakumazantsi nasentshonalanga - wahlula France. Ngenxa ubunye United of the Empire German yaba likomkhulu Berlin - iziko yezopolitiko Prussia. Ifom ye waba neNgonyama siseko. LoMlawuli (Kaiser) yaba uKumkani Prussia. igunya lowiso luyasetyenziswa yiPalamente. Kwakugcwele amagumbi amabini, i-Bundesrat (Federal Council) kunye Reichstag (Imperial Assembly).

Ubunye eJamani ngowe-1871 iye zikokosiweyo kumGaqo-siseko, leyo eyamkelwa neqela Reichstag ngoAprili 16. State imele umanyano eyakhelwe kwindawo esekelwe eyenziwe amaqela amathathu. Eyokuqala yayiba 22 neNgonyama 4 ubukumkani, 7 Nezikumkani 11 nezikumkani ezinkulu. Owesibini ibe izixeko sesisa isixhobo republic. Lilizwe kubandakanya wesithathu yasebukhosini - Alsace-Lorraine.

Ubunye iJamani kukhokelele ekomelezeni yayo kakhulu, iye yaba ngamandla amakhulu lwaseYurophu, waba nempembelelo enkulu kwimbali posleduschego.