ESmolensk ukulwa

Russia ngenkulungwane ye-17, ngenxa ntlekele lwangaphakathi zentlalo kunye nongenelelo Polish-Swedish, kwanyanzeleka ukuba baphile ilahleko zabo zendawo: Yayi, Koporje, Ivangorod kunye ESmolensk, umhlaba Chernigov ligqithiselwe kubamelwane zayo - Sweden kunye Commonwealth. Xa kumazantsi eli lizwe izibetho iCrimea AmaTatar ...

Ngelo xesha linye ukusombulula ezi ngxaki ezintathu lizwe wayengekho sikhundla, njengoko ephambili yabo kumiselwa ngokusekelwe kwi imeko ngamazwe kunye nezinto zabo.

Xa banesifo kwenkulungwane ye-17 emva kokufa eyathatha nam indawo evumayo kakhulu ukubuyela ESmolensk. Zemsky Sobor inkxaso isigqibo karhulumente, kwaye ngo-1632 yaqala i ESmolensk War, injongo leyo ukubuyela kwilizwe bambamba kuye ebudeni Troubles.

Ukwamkelwa sigqibo umbane a iye yavusa yi kukuba kumazwe anamandla aseYurophu inxaxheba kwiMfazwe Yeminyaka Engamashumi, kwaye abazange ukuya kwi imeko eMpuma Yurophu.

Amane amawaka isiqinisekiso Russian phambi apho kwakuyinto umsebenzi omkhulu, War ESmolensk ngo-1632 waqala iimeko kunokuba nzima: i counties olusemazantsi wengwenya Crimeans, ngoko ke urhulumente, esoyika ukufika imikhosi emininzi kankosi iCrimea bondage, kude Agasti ibambezele uphume amabutho eMoscow.

Ukwenyusa kwenzeka ngokucothayo kakhulu, ngoko ke babemise kufuphi ESmolensk ngoDisemba, ukuthatha indlela Serpeysk, White, Roslavl, Nevel, Starodub.

Bawathathe uthathe Shein emzini ESmolensk - umphathi-mkhosi Russian - ayiphumelelanga, kwaye nasekuxinweni yayiqhubeka iinyanga ezisibhozo ubude. Le nqaba yomelezwa ngokupheleleyo nokuba nje kokuba imfazwe waqala ESmolensk, kwaye ngoko ke bahlaseli kwafuneka siphumele kangangoko izihlandlo ezibini, nasemva indlela zokungqinga zokudubula.

Kwaye Commonwealth Polish-Lithuanian ngeli xesha kubekho iinguqu ezibalulekileyo: itrone esikhundleni sikayise wenyuka Vladislav, owaqalisa ngamandla ukugcina ekampini yinqaba ongqingiweyo.

ESmolensk War, ngexesha apho abatyhafileyo sokuhlasela 1633 kwi-Russian iCrimea AmaTatar, ngokupheleleyo watshintsha indlela yayo. Uninzi aziingangamsha wayebalekele khona umkhosi ukugcina iintsapho zabo kunye nempahla, kwaye "zolule", equka abalimi, ngamakhoboka kunye dolophu, ukuba benze izinto ngokunomkhethe, balwa nje utshaba, kodwa zonke imihlaba ezingqongileyo.

kufika kuloo mzi, kunye Vladislav, ngubani wakwazi ukuba kunqumle umkhosi Shein ngasemva. Imikhosi Russian, ngubani na kubo ome phambi amawaka 15 abaqeqeshwe kakuhle amajoni rhoqo yaye amawaka 12 Cossacks, waqalisa ukuba ukothuka. Ngaba ukunqongophala nokoyika kwezilwanyana kunye nokutya.

Ngelo xesha linye ezinye abendlu ka Vladislav wafudukela ngasempuma, kanye ngexesha yokukhulula Dorogobuzh, kwaza ke esikhundleni ukuziphindezela baqala impindezelo nxamnye kwiidolophana Enkulu Bow, Mozhaisk, Kozelsk, ukulungela ukusebenza, njl

Matshi 1 Shein bayishiya okunene yaphela ESmolensk imfazwe. Yangena kwisigaba thethwano, eyagqitywa ngoJuni waloo nyaka bazibhala ngokusayina isivumelwano Polyanovskiy izibonda wabuyela phantsi kuyo yonke imizana Russian sithinjiwe isanda kwemfazwe, kuquka ESmolensk unbowed. Vladislav, ke, ngokusesikweni sazilahla naliphi na ibango ukuya etroneni Russian, obengowabaya iimeko eziphambili zoxolo.

ESmolensk War, ngokufutshane luphawulwa mbali njenge lilishwa, ndayihluthwa Russia ka amathuba okulwa nommelwane ngakumzantsi wayo ngowe-1937, xa Don Cossacks ikwazile walithimba Turkish Azov. EMoscow akazange nabuganga ukunceda, sikhumbula amava abuhlungu yemfazwe yokugqibela, kwaye Cossacks akukho kwanyanzeleka ukuba ushiye enqabeni yomkhosi.

Zemsky Sobor wathi iRhuluneli M. Shein ngumtyholwa sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi kwi ESmolensk War kunye isinqumo enkundleni boyar wanqunyulwa intloko.