Iipaki zeSizwe zengingqi yaseLeningrad. Iindawo eziKhuselekileyo

Kunzima ukugxininisa ukubaluleka kweendawo zokuhlala kunye neepaki zeSizwe saseLeningrad kubemi be-multimillion-dollar yaseSt. Petersburg. Benza "isakhelo sendalo" sommandla, senze njengokhuseleko lwaso oluhlaza. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ukusondelelana kwezinto ezininzi zemvelo kuzinzisa isimo semvelo kwindawo.

IPaki leSizwe "i-Karelian Isthmus"

Iipaki zeSizwe zendawo yaseLeningrad zinokuziqhayisa nge "Karelian Isthmus", ephakathi koMlambo iNeva kunye nomda wesithili saseLeningrad kunye noKarelia. Lona lukhulu kunabo bonke baseSt. Petersburg. Luhlobo lwelizwe elincinci kunye nenkululeko yalo, ukuphakama (Koltushskie high), imilambo namachibi. Kwimihlaba yayo eninzi malunga namachibi angama-700, imilambo emininzi (enkulu kunazo zonke - iVuoksa kunye neentombi ezidumileyo zaseLosevsky).

Iintlobo zemvelo, ezikholisayo kwiso kunye nemifanekiso yazo, zenziwe ngumsebenzi weqhwa elidlulileyo. Amadwala, iinxalenye zamatye zifumaneka kuwo wonke umhlaba. Amachibi ayo amaninzi nawo ngenxa yeqhwa.

Amahlathi anama-coniferous anamahlathi angama-60% kuloo ndawo. Oku, mhlawumbi, ichaza ubutyebi bezilwanyana. Ukongeza kwii-squirrels eziqhelekileyo, izimpungushe, izibhokhwe zasendle, unokudibana neebhere, izimpisi, i-lynx, kunye neentaka-i-grouse, i-grouse emnyama, i-grouse. Kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni ze-isthmus, iintlobo ezinqabileyo zeentlanzi zisalondolozwa: i-whitefish, i-grayling, ne-vendace.

Ezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo zemvelo zepaki kazwelonke zabiwe kwiindawo zemvelo ezikhuselekileyo (PAs) - zikhona ezingamashumi amathathu nanhlanu zazo kwi-Karelian Isthmus.

Esinye sazo sisiko lesikhumbuzo saseLake Yastrebinoe kufuphi nesikhululo seVasnechnoe. I-echibi lixutywa phakathi kweemitha eziphezulu ze-granite ukuya kuma-50 metres high. Ilitye elidumileyo likaParnassus, ukhange abadlali, abagibeli.

Phakathi kweendawo ezikhuselekileyo ezikhuselekileyo kwiipaki zikazwelonke zeLeningrad Region ziindawo ezithe zaziwa njengeLindulovskaya Grove kunye neGladyshevsky ezikude ukusuka kwisixeko.

Ubume bezityalo zezilwanyana zasendle kufuphi nelali laseRoshchino

I-Lindulov grove - esinye isikhumbuzo sokuguqulwa kukaPetros 1. Ukuqala kwesi sidumi, indala kunazo zonke eYurophu izityalo ze-larch zabuyiselwa ngo-1738 ngokwecebo lomlawuli, owayekholelwa ukuba akhulise imithi yoshishino lokuthutha.

Ngaphandle kweentlobo ezindala kakhulu zeearch, ezinye izihlahla ze-coniferous zikhula kwi-grove: Umsedare waseSiberia, i-spruce, i-fir, kunye ne-oki, i-ash, elm. Imithi emide eyahlukileyo iya kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezingama-40-50 iimitha, ububanzi - ngaphezulu kwe-1 imitha. Ukuhlala komhlaba kwaqhubeka kwaye kwaqalisa kwakhona kwiminyaka engama-200 edluleyo waza waba isikolo samahlathi aseRussia.

IGrove ifakwe kwi-UNESCO into ekhuselweyo "I-Historical Centre yaseSt. Petersburg kunye nezixhobo ezinxulumene nezikhumbuzo".

Gladyshevsky Reserve

Le ndawo igcinwe iphantse kufuphi neLindulovsky Grove. Yadalwa ngokutsha nje ngo-1996. Ihlala kwimihlaba enendawo eneendawo ezili-8400 iihektare.

I-asethi eyona nto yokugcina indawo yindawo yokuhlala yeentlanzi ze-salmon kunye namaqabane abo ahlala rhoqo - ama-mollusks anqabileyo athiwa yi-European pearl mussel. Esi sibini esingahlukiyo siphila ikakhulu eMfuleni oyiMnyama, apho iminyaka emininzi iSikole soKhuselo lokuLoba

Kananjalo, unyaka nonyaka ososayensi bazama ukubuyisela nokunyusa i-salmon yoluntu (kwaye le yiSalmon neSaltic trout) emanzini eMlambo omnyama. Amawaka e-Fry afakwe kwi-fry akhululwa emlanjeni aphantsi koqwalaselo oluqhubekayo. Ngokuchasene nelokuba ukuloba ngamatye akuvumelekile apha, abazingeli basabamba inxalenye ye-salum.

Abaxhamli-bemvelo ba tyelela i-Gladyshevsky indawo yokugcina, phawula ukuba nakwiimeko ezingamkelwa phantsi, uye walondoloza ezininzi iintlobo zezinambuzane (iintlobo zamabhotela, iintlobo, iinyosi), iintaka (abakhi beemithi, i-soybe, i-hawks). Kuzo zi-quadrupeds uhlala ufumana i-fox, i-squirrel, iigorants.

Isikhumbuzo sendalo seSablinsky

Iipaki zelizwe zommandla waseLeningrad nazo ziyaziqhayisa ngesikhumbuzo seSablinsky. Itholakala kwisithili saseTosnensky kufuphi nedolophu yaseUlyanovka. Iyakhenketha abavakhenkethi abaninzi ngeemingcwaba ezenziwayo - ngenxa yesigxina se-quartz engxenyeni yehlabathi engxenyeni yesiqingatha ye-XIX-yokuqala ye-XX leminyaka, ngexesha lokwakha iSt. Petersburg. Inzala nayo ibangelwa yiminyango emifuleni yaseTosna naseSablinka.

I-Park Park "iVeps Forest"

Iindawo zokuhlala kunye neepaki zikazwelonke zommandla yaseLeningrad nazo zinamahlathi e-Veps eluhlu lwabo. Iparele yangempela yendalo itholakala ngamakhilomitha amathathu ukusuka eSt. Petersburg. Yindawo epakile yokucoceka kwendalo kunye nenxalenye ebalulekileyo yeeyure ezingama-189 zamahektare. Ngowe-1999, yanikwa imeko yendawo ekhuselekileyo yemvelo (PA).

Ihlathi le-Veps lilondoloze amaphecana ehlathi asephambili, iinkqubo zezinto eziphilayo eziphantse zingakhange zenziwe ngumsebenzi wezoqoqosho. Insimu ekhethekileyo inemihlaba ephakamileyo, ininzi yamachibi entaba kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-200-250 m ngaphezu kwezilwandle, ubuninzi bemilambo. Phantse isiqingatha sawo sifikeleleke kakhulu kunomntla-ntshona kumdala, amahlathi ase-spruce kunye namahlathi e-pine, apho indawo yokukhusela phantsi kweyona ndawo ikhuselekileyo, ininzi ethi "Book Book". Amahlathi kunye namaxhaphozi angaqhayisa ubukho beentlobo ezingama-57 zeentaka ezingaqhelekanga. Phakathi kwabo yi-heron ephuzi, i-capercaillie, i-harry field, i-gogol, i-kite emnyama.

Ingaphezulu kweyesithathu yendawo yehlathi laseVeps ihlala emanxwemeni kwaye mhlawumbi ixabiso layo lixabisekileyo. Le ngenye yezinto ezimbalwa kwindawo engasetyenzisiweyo, kwaye ilondoloze indawo zokuhlala zendawo zeentaka. Mhlawumbi ihlathi likhumbuza wonke umntu weSizwe seSizwe sase-Meshchera.

I-Ipaki kaZwelonke ye-Federal significance iMeschera

Inkalo yolondolozo lwendalo, eyakhiwe ukugcina ubunamandla bemvelo ye- Mescher, itholakala kumzantsi-ntshona kwiphondo yaseVladimir (kufuphi nomda weendawo zaseMoscow naseRyazan). Kwiihektha ezili-118 zamahektare ziimifula kunye namachibi amaninzi, kwaye amanxweme athatha ama-hekta amawaka ama-5, kwaye i-70% yendawo yonke ihlala emahlathini. Okwangoku i-statistic ngokwayo ibonisa okuyingqayizivele kwendawo yokugcina.

Iingcali zendalo ziyagxininisa ukubaluleka okugqithisileyo kwe-Meshchera, ekubeni ilapha iintlobo zaseYurophu zehlathi le-coniferous-broadleaf zimelele ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yolu hlobo lwezinto ezinqabileyo zokhuni, izilwanyana ezininzi kunye neentaka ziphila kwaye zilondoloze imbewu. Kwimihlathi yaseMatscherskiye kuphela kwi-muskrat yaseRussia ehlala kwiintlobo zeentlobo zeentsapho ze-mole.

Ubuninzi beentaka ezikulo ndawo zibandakanya iintlobo ezininzi ezinobungozi: isorkork, white heron, grey, curlew.

Ngako oko, bekungekho ukunyanisela ukuthetha ukuba iPark yeSizwe yaseMeschera yi-pearl eyiyo yelifa lemvelo.

Ubungakanani bemvelo yolondolozo lwaseNizhnesvirsky

Ipaki kaZwelonke yaseSt. Petersburg kunye nommandla waseLeningrad unokuqhayisa ngeSouth Siversky Nature Reserve. Itholakala kwingingqi yaseLadoga esezantsi, iquka indawo engama 41 haktare, kwaye umhlaba ungamahektare angama-36 kuphela, ezinye ziindawo zamanzi eLwandle Ladoga kunye ne-delta yoMlambo we-Svir.

Iindawo eziqingqiweyo zeendawo zendalo zithintela ingcamango, ukubonakala kwayo kuluhlu lwezityalo kunye nezilwanyana.

Ubuninzi bemithombo yamanzi. Ukuxinwa kwabo kukhulu kakhulu kwixesha lokuhamba kweenqwelo zentwasahlobo neyekwindla. Ngeli xesha, ukuba unethamsanqa, unako ukugcina emanzini ipakethe ye-swans, i-mallards, i-chirk, i-gray geese. Inani leenombolo ze-ornithologists apha 260 iintlobo zeentaka.

Ayikho ngaphantsi kwazo ngokwemiqathango eyahlukeneyo kwaye "imfuyo" yezilwanyana ezihlala kwizilwanyana ezilwanyana ezisemhlabeni zineenkomo ezingama-44: i-elk, ibhere elimnyama, i-beaver, i-lynx, i-wolverine, njl. Amanzi aseLadoga sele ehlala ehleliwe yinto ebizwa ngokuba yindawo ehlala kuyo, ehlala kuphela kwindawo ethile-isalathisi seLadoga. Kwaye kumanzi amanzi kukho isibane, esaziwa ezininzi njengentlanzi yokudla.

I-Swan yolondolozo

Iipaki zeSizwe zaseSt. Petersburg kunye nommandla waseLeningrad nazo ziyaziqhayisa ngeLebyazhy Reserve. Lo ngowomnye ummandla wendalo okhuselekileyo. Indawo yokugcina indawo, eyayifumene nesimo esongezelelweyo somhlaba wokulinganisela amanzi wokubaluleka kwamanye amazwe, ikhona ecaleni eliselunxwemeni yeGulf of Finland kwisithili saseLomonosov.

Ukwaziwa njengomgangatho wemimandla yolwandle yolwandle olusezantsi. Ngenxa yokuba indawo ehlala kuyo ayikho enkulu - ii-hekta ezingama-6400, indawo yokugcina indawo inexabiso eliphezulu lokulondoloza. Kukholelwa ukuba ulwahlulo lwezityalo, iintaka kunye nezilwanyana akanalo alinganayo kwingingqi yaseLeningrad. Iintlobo ezingama-200 zabemi bayo sele zidweliswe kwi-Red Data Book ye-Russian Federation.

Ubunqwenelekayo bendawo (unxweme kunye namanzi angatyekanga) kwaye uzimisele uzuko lwalolu hlobo, olubonakaliswa kwigama layo-uLebyazhy. Ngentwasahlobo nasekwindla amawaka eentaka ezifudukayo zihamba apha, ezenza inqwelo-moya enkulu ngaselunxwemeni. Ngonyaka kwiisayithi ze-swans zifikelela kuma-30 eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentaka.

Isigceme sezilwanyana zasendle esikhethekileyo ngoku sikhona kwiimeko ezinzima kunzima. Phantse lonxweme lonke lwakhiwe; Ukuthunyelwa kweemveliso kunye nokungcola kommandla wamanzi kubangela ukufa kwezilwanyana ezingabonakaliyo ezifana nesitywina esinyanisiweyo kunye nesigxina esibomvu.

Iipaki zeSizwe zeNgingqi yaseLeningrad, kwaye kungekhona kuphela, zinenani elixabisekileyo. Umsebenzi womntu ngamnye uwasindisa aze adlulisele kwizizukulwana ezizayo!