Into ye biogenic

Le ngcamango yaqaliswa kwimfundiso ye-biosphere yintsimi enkulu ye-Academician Vernadsky. I-biogenic substance ngokweVernadsky "yinto eyenziwe ngobomi, enegunya elinamandla." Kwakungomngxuma, ioli, i-limestone, amalahle, njl.

Ukubeka nje, ii-particle ze-organic biogenic substance. Imizekelo iboya, amazinyo, iphosa izimpondo zontanga, iintsiba zityhutyhwe yiinyoni, amaqabunga awayo, iziqhamo kunye ne-pollen yezityalo, umthi womthi okanye ukulala ubuthongo, inkunkuma yezilwanyana. Izinto ze-Biogenic ziquka iiparele, ama- eggshell, amatye e-bile (iimpiliso), ubisi, i-nectar, i-cupbobs, i-silk. Uluhlu alupheliyo.

Inkunkuma engeyiyo-biogenic nayo inokubunjwa yizinto eziphilayo, kodwa, ngokungafani ne-biogenic, ayinakwenzeka kakhulu kwi-biosphere, njengoko iqhutywe ngempumelelo nezinye izinto eziphilayo.

Inkqubo ibonakaliswe ngokukodwa kwiimveliso zendalo. Ingxenye encinci yezinto ezingezizo ze-biogenic ziba yimfuyo, zidlula kwizinto ze-polybiogenic. Amatye e-Sedimentary yeplanethi yethu yenziwa kwiixesha elidlulileyo le-geological. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ze-polybiogenic kwiindawo ezinqabileyo, umzekelo, i-detritus (isityalo), i-remains of organisms (esiyibiza ngokuba yimimified), i-coprolites, i-amber, i-microbiogenic amaminerali (i-hydroxyides, i-sulfide, i-carbonates, njl.

Amatye omhlaba adalwa, ngokusisiseko, ngokuphila kwezinto. Iimpawu ezifanayo ze-carbonate (i-dolomites, i-limestone, i-chalk) zibangelwa ngumsebenzi weplankton kunye nefilimu ephantsi yamanzi angaphakathi angaphakathi ne-Ocean Ocean.

I-Coprolite yamatemones ayabonwa nje ngokuba yi-biogenic. Nalona ilitye, apho izinto ezibonakalayo zokubunjwa kwensimbi yinkqayi ye-silts ephindaphinda i-lime mud.

Amatye aneengqungquthela (i-quartz, i-opal, i-chalcedony) ihlanganiswe ngokuyinhloko ye-skeletal remains of "silicon" eziphilayo-i-diatoms (i-diatoms), i-radiolari, iiponji, i-silicoflagellate.

Kodwa iifossil ezingenakutsha (i-caustobioliths) ziyi-sedimentary rock kwaye zibonakaliswe ngokubaluleka okukhulu kwezinto eziphilayo esizicingayo. I-Caustobioliths yenziwa phantsi kwefuthe elithile lemisebenzi yamandla yezinto eziphilayo eziphilayo.

Ngokukodwa ngokugqithiseleyo, i-organic non-biogenic substance iqokelele kwiindawo zamachibi kunye namanxweme, kwaye kwi-biosphere yanamhlanje. Ngokomzekelo, kwilizwe lethu malunga nama-60% e-peat reserves ukusuka kwihlabathi elipheleleyo. Kwaye oku kuchazwa yindawo ethile kwaye kwaye, ke, iimeko zemozulu.

Iziqithi zase-Continental kunye ne-Ocean Ocean ziqokelela i-plankton, ii-microorganisms ezingenamanzi kunye nezantsi, i-sapropel (izidumbu ze-silt emzimbeni wamanzi amatsha), inkunkuma yezilwanyana. Ngendlela, enye yale nkqubo ingabonwa nakwikhaya, kuma-aquariums.

Ilahleko, kwakhona, yenziwe kwi-peat, kodwa isele idala. Iimpawu ezinokutsha ezinokutsha zivela kwii-sapropels. Nanku umcimbi wendalo umelelwe yi-phytoplankton (i-remnants). Kodwa kukho i-schist "ezinokutsha ezinokutsha" - ziqulethe i-rest of zooplankton kunye ne-zoobenthos.

I-biogenic substance yabangela ukubonakala kwe "golide emnyama" - ioli. "Abazali" beoli bahlala kwizinto ezikhoyo ezikhankanywe ngeeplankton.

I-phosphate, ama-manganese kunye namaqabunga ahlambulukileyo, ayenomlinganiselo ophantsi we-biogenic substance.

Ukuba sicinga iipasipoti ze-phosphorites, ngaphezulu kwe-90% kwiindawo eziphantsi kwezilwandle, imvelaphi, njengoko uqiqayo, i-organic. I-accumulator ephambili ye-phosphorus yi-phytoplankton, edlalwa ngokukhawuleza njengokukhanya kwamanzi ebusuku. Ewe, i-pimentphorus ye-phosphorus engaphantsi kolwandle yinkomo ye-zooplankton.

Iitrhe okanye i-manganese amatye afaka izinto eziphilayo zemifula, amachibi, ulwandle, ulwandle. Ukuxinwa kwesinyithi kunye ne-manganese kuxhomekeke kwiibhakteria zensimbi.

Izinto eziphilayo (kubandakanywa ne-bauxites), izityu, izitye zokutshatyalaliswa kunye nodongwe zidalwe yizinto eziphilayo.

Kodwa "amandla amakhulu kunako onke amandla" adalwe kangangamakhulu eminyaka kunye neminyaka eyi-millini, efakwe kwizabelo zamamitha. Sisebenzisa lo mandla ngamandla amaninzi. Ngeli themba lokucinga ngalo ngoku, ngenxa yokuba isantya esinjalo, isisityebi sezona zinto ziza kuphelelwa ngokupheleleyo ekupheleni kweli nqununu ...