Imfundiso ongqonge umhlaba onokuphila: imithombo

Phantse nawuphi na umntu zizifundiswa, akukhathaliseki nokuba yena okanye imigudu yakhe, weva isandi into emangazayo elithi "noosphere" kuyo nayiphi na isigaba umsebenzi wentlalo. Kucingwa njenge ezintsha ekhethekileyo kwinkulungwane XX, ezifana imfundiso yokuzivelela sele kwinkulungwane edlulileyo. Makhe uzame kwakhona ukuqonda le poluzagadochnoy ingcamango okubonakalayo imfundiso ongqonge umhlaba onokuphila kunye noosphere, ngoko ngokusondeleyo igama ilifa Vernadsky zenzululwazi nentanda-bulumko.

Okokuqala, siyazi kakuhle unyaka wokuzalwa wayo yaye umbhali wayo ngqo.

Emva phayaa ngowe-1875, ibinzana elithi "onokuphila" yaye siqala lesayensi revolution komhlaba waseOstriya Eduard Zyuss. Kodwa akazange ukuchaza ingqiqo, hayi ebizimisele umgomo wayo lwenzululwazi, ngoko elide ngokwaneleyo igama elithi "onokuphila" besisetyenziswe ezahlukeneyo neentsingiselo.

Kuba okokuqala kolu didi iye isetyenziswe njengendawo isayensi ezindongeni College de France - iziko lemfundo odumileyo eParis kaThixo, edume kwinqanaba highbrow zokufundisa, izifundo ngo-1927. umbhali lo gama i-sobulumko kunye yezibalo Eduard Lerua. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, i co-umbhali yengqiqo noosphere liye waqaphela yaye umhlobo Le Roy - Per Teyyar de Chardin. Kodwa ezi oosonzululwazi ezimbini ukuthumela ngqo abaphulaphuli babo abafundi ukuba umhlaba onokuphila yi zezenzululwazi Russian Vladimir Vernadsky, ngubani banikela iintetho zakhe Sorbonne.

Vladimir Ivanovich, baqulunqe imfundiso ongqonge umhlaba onokuphila waqhubeka ukukhanya kwakhe ngokusekelwe indlela biogeochemical kuyo. Ekubeni 30 zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini ingcamango noosphere wahlehla onke amandla abanethemba le sisazinzulu.

Kodwa emva kwixesha ukuya imvelaphi, ukuya Le uRoy kunye Teilhard de Chardin. Yintoni na le nto izimvo zabo? Ukuvela lweentlobo oluntu kuthotho ifomu zinyuka kuthetha ukuba bacinga ukuba zazivelela wabe ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela, kuphela iipropati engqondweni. Izazinzulu zithi ukuba ngendaleko kudale ngokobuntu ezintsha ngokupheleleyo uphuhliso yabo - ikhono ngokomoya yaye izangoma ezizodwa, indawo yokuqala ngokwendalo akazange ukho kwaphela. Chardin yena kuye ecacisiweyo ezikhethekileyo iimpawu le nto - zabantu: ubukho sezobuntlola iingcinga, nokuzeyisa ulwazi kunye nesakhono, ukuze ukwazi yena, kuphela ukudlala ngobuchule zonke iintlobo zobomi.

Xa umsebenzi kamva, "Le ndawo womntu kwindalo," kokuqwalasela umbuzo imvelaphi kunye nobomi kunye kubume bayo, ebeka abantu kumqolo jikelele inkqubo cosmic ukuntsonkotha mbandela.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, i noVladimir oselula, ngoxa ofunda eyunivesithi, wabhala kwidayari yakhe ingcamango emangalisayo, nto leyo imfundiso ongqonge umhlaba onokuphila ukuba imeko-bulumko. Ngokukodwa, yena ngelithi ukuba imbali komHlaba uviwo langa angabhalwa imbali abacombululi mbandela. Kulo mzekelo, zonke ezi nguqu azenzeki ngokuqhutywa ngumdla kwaye ngokwazo, kodwa isekelwe kwindlela kwacaca yenqanaba iphela.

Kule ngxelo, umbhali imfundiso ongqonge umhlaba onokuphila kukhokelela kwisigqibo sokuba apho ubonakala "ufile", ngokwenene ayifile, kodwa kuphela 'dozhiznenna "ubomi kuso kukho okunokuvela. Lo mkhwa Vernadsky ngokuba hominization, kukho uhlobo jump zazivelela langa kwinqanaba yesiqalo, njengoko recovery (vitalization) mbandela. Ngokufutshane, ithiyori ongqonge umhlaba onokuphila, ucinga yimbonakalo yomntu, kungabi ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi, Enyanisweni ngakumbi, ukusetyenziswa ngokomgangatho entsha ongqonge umhlaba onokuphila ngokwayo, ilandelwe kwaye yonke inkqubo cosmic. Ezinxulumene ngale ndlela kunye ulandelelwano yendaleko yobomi, umntu ke, lonke yokuqala. Ngokusekelwe kule kwithesisi, yiko kunye nabalandeli kwiimfundiso noosphere badla ukukholelwa umntu na iintlobo ummeli olunye, hayi "isithsaba" endalo, kodwa kuphela ummeli umyalelo omtsha ezikhona, nto leyo ngokunxulumene umhlaba onokuphila lisebenza njenge "Sphere" entsha elizimeleyo.

Gomizatsiya i ndlela iinkonzo ezintsha kwaye ziya zikhula ngokukhula, ngokuthe ngcembe eliphakamayo ngaphezu biosphere isilwanyana.

Ekubeni ixesha lakhe phakathi kwabantu, yayiphawuleka iimpawu bokubonisa, ubuchule omntu lokuzikhethela free Nakukubona kunye nobuchule. Lena yindawo besizathu - le noosphere. Oko kukuthi, ukuhanjiswa ingcamango Vernadsky, sibona umnqweno angenise imfundiso ongqonge umhlaba onokuphila njengoko isifundo lokuqala e-worldwork theory zonke izenzakalo umyalelo eliphezulu - imfundiso noosphere.