Iingcingo ezihamab phantsi System yokwakhiwa (nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela) - ntoni na?

amashishini ezininzi Russian ngokubonakalayo ukuphumeza inkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi olulungisiweyo njengenxalenye yotshintsho kweziseko yedijithali. NezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela ingqalelo amalungu ishishini njengesixhobo ukuphucula ukusebenza iinkqubo zemveliso kunye nenzuzo. Zeziphi ezi nkcukacha kwezisombululo zeziseko enjalo?

le nkcazelo

Yintoni "inkqubo structured iingcingo ezihamab phantsi" (SMS)? Eli gama mihla IT-iingcali baqonde kwifomathi zokusebenza zobuchwepheshe lombutho corporation, nto leyo equka Ukukhwelisana ibe iinkonzo inkqubo yolwazi single enikwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo inkqubo yemveliso kule nkampani.

Isenokuba local networks computer, zocingo, inkqubo yokhuseleko. Iingcingo ezihamab phantsi yokwakhiwa System (nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela) kwi kwishishini mihla isoloko nababezibonile, njengoko sibonile ngentla apha, njengomba enkulu ngempumelelo yemveliso kunye nokhuphiswano loshishino.

nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela Okukodwa

Eyona se beeNdawo zokuFundela - Isakhiwo oluneqela sub-iinkqubo alo. Kusenokuba babekho ezahlukeneyo iinjongo iintambo ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo - .. unokundiqhatha, ikopolo, imicu, njalo njalo Kwakhona kubume nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela inokuba okunye ezahlukeneyo ngoku - izihlanganisi jack kwisiseko. Nokuba ndlela, bonke bephela zibandakanywe kwinkqubo enye.

Ingabonakala ngathi inkqubo eqhelekileyo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi structured? Photo of enye iimodyuli ehambelana isicombululo ezinkulu-scale ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi.

Siyabona ukuba inkxaso iintlobo intambo nga kuphunyezwa nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela.

Standards iingcingo ezihamab phantsi

Sifunde nkcukacha ye nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela, yintoni na. Ngoku makhe sihlolisise ezinye iinkalo ngokuphathelele ukusebenza nokusebenzisa iinkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi yakhiwe izibonelelo iinkampani Russian. Ngoku 3 imigangatho esisiseko eziqhelekileyo ngokungqinelana nemigaqo leyo iza kucacisa umbutho lwezixhobo zokufunda ezisebenza ngekhompyutha kwi nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela kumashishini:

- EIA / TIA (zithandwa kwi US);

- CENELEC EN 50173 (common eYurophu);

- ISO / IEC 11801 (esibonakala yi imfuno ehlabathini jikelele).

Enye kwingongoma nganye emgangathweni kweenkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi yakhiwe - bandwidth uphawu imigca unxibelelwano yedijithali. Yaba iindidi 7 ezinkulu iintambo, nganye eyenzelwe ukusombulula iingxaki ezithile. Ngokomzekelo, isigaba omnye kusetyenziswa xa ukwakha zocingo. Ukuba babelane data ngesantya esiphezulu asetyenziswa iintambo 5, 6 kunye neendidi 7.

Kuxhomekeka umgangatho othile, noqhuba ngokwesiseko inkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi structured, ukusetyenziswa kangangoko ukuba imisebenzi ethile kunye nobuchwepheshe isixhobo. Umzekelo, kunye ukusasazeka kwemigangatho ugqithiso lwedata fibre optic kumashishini ezininzi kwabakho imfuneko kwanokuphucula izixhobo womnatha ahambelanayo. Ukuba akukho uvelisa, ukukhuphisana neshishini ingancitshiswa kakhulu.

Ukumiselwa komgangatho - into ebalulekileyo apha ukusebenza kweenkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi wakhiwe. Ndiyila izibonelelo nobuchwepheshe kwishishini ngokuhambelana evunyiweyo kwinqanaba koshishino esithile okanye ubuchule imigangatho yamazwe imisela amathuba ngenxa yotshintsho ngakumbi yeekhomponenti nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela seemodyuli.

isitifiketi

Enye inkalo, leyo kubalulekile ukuba amashishini emininzi wabeka umsebenzi ekwakheni iinkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi yakhiwe - certification. Enyanisweni, inokubuyiselwa ingqalelo kwimeko iyonke emgangathweni. Yena lincedisana inxalenye yakhe ukuqiniswa okusemthethweni ukufaneleka kwezibonelelo yedijithali yenkampani kwezinye migangatho.

inkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi yokwakhiwa eba isatifikethi efanelekileyo ngokuqhelekileyo ebonakala ukuthembeka aphezulu kunye nesikhundla enkulu ngenxa yotshintsho kulwakhiwo ngamnye. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba yemiyinge ezininzi abenzi izixhobo womnatha zinika isiqinisekiso kuphela xa nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela ezingqinisisiweyo ngendlela emiselweyo.

Indlela for ngokwakhiwa

Ngomhla ucingisisa ngoko iikhrayitheriya ekunokuthiwa inkqubo intambo ethile nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela? Luhlobo olunjani iimpawu ezithile ziimpawu iziseko yedijithali lweshishini njenge structured? Kulo mkhuba yokwakha uhlobo efanelekileyo lothungelwano intambo eRashiya liqulunqe le iseti ilandelayo leekhrayitheriya.

Okokuqala, inkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi yakhiwe (nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela) - iziseko apho, ngokutsho Russian IT-iingcali, siqheliswe ngakumbi ukuba ergonomics kwezibonelelo zemveliso. Ngokukodwa, kulo mba, njengoko iindawo izihlanganisi.

Iinkqubo Intambo eqhelekileyo zimpawu njengoko yakhiwe, abandakanya ngaphezu kokuba uyilo elula uhlobo ezichaphazelekayo lweziqalelo womnatha, apho isibaluli - nguwo indawo iindawo zokusebenza kwabasebenzi. Xa networks sakhiwe zithande Isidibanisi konga izihlandlo eziliqela ngaphezulu kunesiqhelo. Inika kwiimeko ezininzi, ukwanda kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwezibonelelo lweshishini lwedijithali.

Isibaluli elandelayo, ngokungqinelana apho enye okanye enye womnatha ichazwa njenge inkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi structured - izinto abantu emhlabeni. Umzekelo, imisebenzi (kwimeko nkampani iye yasetyenziswa nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela) unako mayixhotyiswe kuphela uhlobo izihlanganisi (umzekelo, ngababini, ephothiweyo) kodwa kwiindawo zokubeka ezongezelelweyo, umz, ifayibha optic.

Enye inkalo yokusebenza - i ukufana lweentlobo kweentambo asetyenziselwa ufakelo amacandelo ahlukeneyo nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela. Oku lula ukutshintshwa amacandelo achaphazelekayo kunokwenzeka, uzilungisele iindleko, enokuthi sikhatshwe lofakelo izibonelelo ezintsonkothileyo, ezifana yakhiwe inkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi (nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela). Akhawuntingi kwiinkampani ezininzi ibonisa ukuba ukwakha nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela lu dityanisiwe imali ebonakalayo, yaye ngenxa yoko ke nokuyilwa kothungelwano ezifanelekileyo kakuhle, ekuye kwagxininiswa ekubuyeni ekhawulezileyo kwi investment.

Enye yokuhlola ebalulekileyo ukubandakanywa lothungelwano intambo yakhiwe - ukwahlulwa kwiindawo ngamnye kwindlela esezantsi. Ngoko ke, kulo mkhuba Russian ungumqobo eqhelekileyo ezisezantsi beesekethe ngeentlobo 3: lawo ekhwele emgangathweni, kumgca kwesakhiwo, kwakunye nezo ezisisiphumo imiba kwisakhiwo equka izakhiwo ezininzi. Le ngokuhlelwa umisela ulawulo intambo ngempumelelo kakhulu.

Kutheni lweshishini nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela?

Yintoni na kwezoqoqosho kwicandelo loo lwezibonelelo i ezifana inkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi yakhiwe? intelekelelo Iindleko, njengoko sibonile ngentla apha, zingabandakanya utyalo-mali olubonakalayo kwezibonelelo zemali kulungelelaniso nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela. Inzuzo kolutyalomali ingalandwa kule miba iphambili ilandelayo:

• Okokuqala, uncedo iphambili nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela - kukuthi, njengokuba umthetho, ayanda isantya kunaniselwano data phakathi kwabasebenzi iikhompyutha. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo ezihamba kwiiklasi, kwakunye kusetyenziswe kakuhle ukubekwa kwiindawo ezithile zezakhiwo.
• Okwesibini, iinkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi yakhiwe kwiimeko ezininzi isigqibo exchange ekhuselekileyo ngakumbi datha lweshishini. Njengoko umthetho, i nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela ziquka iindlela ehlanganisiweyo ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuze sizikhusele intrusions yangaphandle kungena kuthungelwano loshishino, ulawulo ukufikelela - zombini hardware ne-software.
• Okwesithathu, ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi yakhiwe ngayo ukuphucula ukushukumiseka kwemisebenzi kwi nkampani. Nsimbi njengenye iikhrayitheriya zokuhlela i izibonelelo ethile digital kwi nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela uthatha ukuba abasebenzi, kungakhathaliseki ukuba izithuba ezithile, amathuba afanayo sokufikelela kwizibonelelo womnatha lwequmrhu. Akukhathaliseki abantu leyo igumbi ethile esebenza - nangaliphi na umzuzu kuba nako ukudibanisa zothungelwano loshishino.

Ecwangcisiweyo izakhiwo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi kwiimeko ezininzi, kuba lula ukulungisa ngaphezu kwizikim yemveli yothungelwano lwezakhiwo. Ngoko, kuba ukutshintshwa intambo akukho obuyimfuneko bokwenza lo disassembly kweendawo ezinkulu apho imigca unxibelelwano kutyalwa. kulwakhiwo unit nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela wabavoti woluntu ngokubanzi kuvelela kakhulu, ngaphandle sungula kunye replacement kunokwenzeka kwangaphambili.

NezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela ilula kakhulu isikali ngaphezu womnatha yemveli. iziphaluka Unit inxaxheba kulwakhiwo kweenkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi yakhiwe icebisa ukuba nangaliphi na ixesha iikhompyutha ezongezelelweyo zinga sidityaniswe kwi nezibonelelo ezifanelekileyo.

Kwathathwa ndawonye, zonke izibonelelo ephawulwe nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela uyakwazi ukuthetha ekuphuculeni ukusebenza lweshishini ngokubhekiselele kwiindleko yokwakha uthungelwano digital. Oku kunokubonwa zombini ngokwemiqathango ukuthenga izinto eziyimfuneko, kwaye nomba eengcali yomvuzo, ukubonisa ulawulo phezu umsebenzi kweenkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi wakhiwe.

Kuyenzeka ukuba wenze isigqibo malunga kwezoqoqosho yokwakha Umfaki, oko - sisixhobo ekwandiseni inzuzo. Kakade ke, kuya kusebenza xa kusenziwa kwi ufakelo ofanelekileyo iinkqubo cable kunye nemeko ukuba kuya kusebenza noonesi abaqeqeshiweyo kakhulu.

amathuba

Ngaba kukho imfuno olwaneleyo kwimarike Russian SKS? Yintoni na - umkhwa okwethutyana okanye umgangatho ethembisayo IT-mveliso, ukuthobela apho kuya kubakho inkalo ebalulekileyo ukhuphiswano zamashishini? Ngokutsho IT-ziingcali zale mihla iinkampani Russian zibonisa kubonisa umdla ngokunikezela le mimandla yemveliso efanelekileyo amacandelo ophezulu ukusebenza kwezibonelelo lwedijithali. inkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi yokwakhiwa uyakwazi ngokupheleleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno data lweshishini, ngenxa yokuba ukuphunyezwa kwabo luphawulwa ezikhulayo neentshukumo ezininzi kumacandelo ezoqoqosho ye-Russian Federation.

Iingcali qaphela ukuba nomdla lwamashishini ekwakheni nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela njengento ephambili kwezibonelelo yedijithali zenkampani kufumaniseka ukuba aba lolu nje kuphela imizi emikhulu Russian kodwa kwimimandla ekwanti. Oku kubonisa ukuba le nkampani, nangona iindleko eziphezulu yesigqibo ekwakheni imisebenzi nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela, funda ezi nkqubo sisixhobo ngempumelelo ukuphucula ukusebenza ishishini. Kusenokuba kuqatshelwe iqondo olude eliphezulu ulwazi lolawulo lweshishini ngenzuzo nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela. Iinkokeli zamashishini enkulu, njengoko umthetho, ukuba sele beyazi kakhulu le undoqo kwesisombululo enamandla enjalo, njengoko inkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi structured ntoni na, - abasakwazi langoku.

technology fibre optic njengomba unyanzeliso nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela

Umqhubi ebalulekileyo ekukhuleni kwemarike ziingcali nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela kubiza ngesantya olutshintshayo kokusasazeka technology fibre-optic. Olu umgangatho wonxibelelwano inganako ukuba ibe ngumba ukunyuka okubonakalayo ukusebenza kwamashishini. Oku kuza kuququzelelwa, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, izinga data eliphezulu kakhulu, nto leyo enika ifayibha (izihlandlo eziliqela ngaphezulu xa usebenzisa imijelo legacy).

Ukuba abanye kwixesha elidlulileyo, abaninzi babengaqinisekanga ukuba okanye hayi ukuphumeza i optic ifayibha (kusekho ixabiso yokwakha amaziko afanelekileyo iphezulu kakhulu ngemizila emveli ngokubekwa), ngoku lo inkanuko omtsha abaxhakaxhaka unxibelelwano eqhelekileyo kuba phakathi kwamashishini ye-Russian Federation Umkhuba ngokuzinzileyo. Isithethi ehambelana ixhaswa kuphuhliso zobugcisa ufakelo womnatha fibre-optic (ukunciphisa iindleko izigqibo ezifanelekileyo), kwakunye nokuphuculwa nokucuthwa kwexabiso izixhobo ezifunekayo ukwenzela ukwakha unxibelelwano.

i bokuqonda accounting

Abanye ngxoxo kwindawo yoshishino (ngakumbi, kwiindawo zoluntu ezimali) kunokubangela iikhrayitheriya nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela ukuze zifakwe kwi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-asethi ezisisigxina; ke kubalulekile ngokwemiqathango ugcino echanekileyo. Into yokuba kukho into ezifana nenkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi structured, OKOF (National Classification of ezingahambisekiyo) ayibandakanyi. Oku akuyongxaki ukuba uhlobo ezinxulumene lwezibonelelo, umzekelo, ukuba LANs eziqhelekileyo. Kodwa ke, njengoko sele kuchaziwe ngentla apha, phakathi kwabo nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela kufumaniseka ukuba aba lolu umahluko omkhulu. Njengoko ezinye iingcali zikholelwa, akukho Impazamo esemthethweni Cazulula nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela njengoko LAN zesiqhelo kunye nokuphunyezwa kweenkqubo accounting. Ukongeza, kukho iindlela ezininzi ukuba uhlanganiso lweenkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi yakhiwe - zombini izinto ngamnye nendlela imiba ubume yokwakha. Zombini iinketho ezichanekileyo ngokwasemthethweni.

NezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela and "izakhiwo smart"

Le mbono "izakhiwo enengqondo" - enye inzuzo kunokwenzeka ukuba ukusasazeka kwezisombululo ezifana nenkqubo iingcingo ezihamab phantsi structured. Yintoni na? "Isakhiwo Intelligent" - ligama okudityanelweyo ubugcisa abandakanya ukuqaliswa izinto kwizakhiwo corporate, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, izindlu, amacandelo digital ezahlukeneyo ukuba kakhulu ngcono intuthuzelo yokuba aba bantu. Kwimeko bemibutho - ukwandisa ukwanela ukusetyenziswa kwezinye izibonelelo ezifana nombane.

Amacandelo "izakhiwo smart" kusenokuba, umzekelo, ukubaleka automated algorithms software, izimiso umoya, iikhamera, iinkqubo zokulawula ukufikelela kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo kwimveliso. Ukusebenza nakukhawula luxhomekeke ngqo ingaba ikhona na ukuba ziyisebenzise umgangatho wenkampani infrastructure yedijithali. Kwimeko usebenzisa nezabaNxibelelanisi beeNdawo zokuFundela iikhrayitheriya ezifanelekileyo ziza makahlonitshwe ngokupheleleyo, yaye yonke impumelelo IT-iingcali kwicala ingcamango "izakhiwo enengqondo" iya kuphunyezwa kunye iindleko ngokupheleleyo lweshishini.