EJapan kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II

Xa sithetha ngeMfazwe Yehlabathi II, sisoloko sikhumbula i-European theatre yemisebenzi yempi. Okwangoku, kubukhulu beAsia kunye nePacific, apho amaqabane aseJamani ayengamaJapan, kwavela iimfazwe, ezaba nefuthe elikhulu kwimiphumo yemfazwe kunye nexesha elizayo labantu baseAsia.

Isibetho sombane

Imisebenzi yamajoni e-Asiya yaqalisa amaJapan iminyaka embalwa ngaphambi kokuba iitanki zaseJamani zifike ePoland. Ukusebenzisa ubuthathaka baseChina, apho kwakukho umzabalazo wamandla phakathi kwamaqela amagosa athile, iJapan sele sele iphumelele ngo-1932 i-Manchuria, idala khona ukubonakala kombuso ozimeleyo. Emva kweminyaka emi-5, inzala yamaSamamu yaqalisa imfazwe esele ifikelele ekuthinjweni kweChina yonke. Ngoko ke, iziganeko eziphambili zeMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini ngo-1939-1940 zenzeke kuphela eYurophu, kwaye kungekhona kwii-Asian expanses. Urhulumente waseJapan unxilisekile ukusabalalisa imikhosi yawo de kubekho igunya elikhokelayo. Xa iFransi neHolland yayingaphantsi komsebenzi waseJamani, kwakulungiswa imfazwe.

Ilizwe lelanga elinyukayo lalinemithombo eninzi kakhulu. Ngako oko, ingqwalasela ephambili yayikukuthathwa ngokukhawuleza kwemimandla kunye nekolononi yabo. Sinokuthi iJapan kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi Yesibili isebenzisa amaqhinga afana ne-German blitzkrieg. Emva kokunikezelwa kwamaFrentshi kunye namaDatshi, iintshaba ezinkulu kakhulu kule ndawo zaziyi-USSR kunye ne-United States. Emva koJuni 22, 1941, i-Soviet Union yayingekho iJapan, ngoko ke kwakufuneka kuqhutywe umkhosi omkhulu kwi-ship yaseMelika. NgoDisemba 7, kwenziwa - ekuhlaselweni kwePearl Harbour kubhujiswe phantse yonke inqwelo yaseMerika kunye neenqanawa ePacific.

Esi siganeko saba ngumangaliso ngokupheleleyo kumaMerika kunye namaqabane abo. Akekho okholelwa ukuba iJapan, elwa nemfazwe eChina, yayiza kuhlasela enye indawo. Okwangoku, izenzo zezempi ziye zaphuhlisa ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphantsi komsebenzi waseJapan, eHong Kong nase-Indochina bazifumanisa ngokukhawuleza, ngoJanuwari 1942 amabutho aseBrithani axoshwa eMalaysia naseSingapore, kwaye ngo-Meyi iiPhilippines ne-Indonesia zasezandleni zaseJapan. Ngaphantsi kwamandla enzala yamaSamra, ngaloo ndlela, kwakukho indawo enkulu yeekhilomitha ezili-1 ezigidi.

Impumelelo eyenziwe yiJapan kwiMfazwe yehlabathi II yayiphakanyiswa ngeprogram. Izizwe zase-Asiya zafundiswa ukuba amaJapan ayeza kubakhulula kwimimpiriyali yamhlophe kunye nokwakha uluntu olucebileyo kunye. Ngoko ke, abahlali baqala ukuxhasa abantu basekuhlaleni. Iimvakalelo ezinjalo zikwawo kumazwe ayengazange athathwe-ngokomzekelo, eIndiya, apho umphathiswa omkhulu waseJapan wathembisa ukuzimela. Oku kuphela emva kokubona ukuba "wabo" ekugqibeleni abaphambukeliyo akubona bangcono kunabantu baseYurophu, abahlali baqala ukugxeka.

Ukusuka ekuphumeleleni ukunqoba

Kodwa i-blitzkrieg yamaJapane yawa kunye nebhanki efanayo ne "Barbarossa" icebo. Phakathi kowe-1942, amaMelika kunye namaBritani abuye aphinde ahlasele. IJapan ayikwazanga ukuphumelela lo mlo kunye nezibonelelo zayo ezincinci. NgoJuni ngo-1942, amaMelika ahlasela ukutshabalalisa kwiintshaba eMidway, kufuphi nePearl Harbor eyaziwayo. Iziphathamandla ezine zaseJapan kunye nabaqhubi abahamba phambili baseJapan bahamba phantsi kwe-Pacific Ocean. NgoFebruwari 1943, emva kweemfazwe ezigaqambileyo zihlala ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, amaMerika ahlala eGuadalcanal.

Ngesiqingatha sonyaka i-US, ukusebenzisa i-lull ngaphambili, kwandisa inani leenqwelo zeenqwelo zeenqwelo ezininzi ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kwaye kwaqaliswa ukuhlaselwa okutsha. AmaJapan ashiya i-Pacific archipelagos enye ngaphantsi kokuhlaselwa kweentshaba, ezabagqitha kwiimbambano namandla.

Ngexesha elifanayo, kubalulekile ukuthetha ukuba oku kunqoba akuzange kunikwe amaMerika lula. Amaxhoba aseJapan alahlekileyo kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II alahlekelwa ezininzi kwiintshaba. Amajoni kunye namagosa omkhosi wamkhosi, ngokuhambelana nezithethe zakwaSamra, akazange akhuphe ukuzinikela aze alwe lokugqibela. Lo mgangatho umyalelo waseJapane wasebenzisa ngokusesikweni, umzekelo ocacileyo wokuba yi-kamikaze eyaziwayo. Kwaye iinqununu ezinqatywe, zivaliwe kwiziqithi, zibanjelwe ekugqibeleni. Ngenxa yoko, ngexesha lokubamba, amajoni amaninzi kunye namagosa aseJapan abulawe yindlala.

Kodwa akukho buqhawe okanye ukuzincama kwakunceda umhlaba weLizwe ophumayo ukuba uphile. Ngo-Agasti 1945, emva kokuqhunyiswa kwebhomu kwe-Hiroshima kunye neNagasaki, urhulumente wagqiba ekubeni athathwe. Ngoko iJapan kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi Yesibili yahlulwa.

Eli lizwe lakhawuleza lihlala ngamaMerika. Imfazwe yezobugebengu yabulawa, ukhetho lwepalamente lwabanjelwa, kwaye umgaqo-siseko wamkelwa. Ukutshintshwa kwimihlaba ye-agrikhi kwakhawuleza ichithe indawo ye-Samurai, eyayisele ikhona kwizithethe. AmaMerika awazange alinde ukuphelisa ubukumkani, esaba ukutshabalaliswa kwentlalo. Kodwa imiphumo yeMfazwe Yehlabathi Yesibili kwamanye amazwe ase-Asia ayenjalo kangangokuba aguqule imephu yezopolitiko yalo mmandla ngonaphakade. Izizwe ezazilwa namaJapan azizange zizimisele ukunyamezela abalawuli bama-colonial kwaye zangena emzabalazweni onzima wokuzimela kwabo.