Biography of Chingiz Aitmatov: msebenzi, le ncwadi intle, kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Namhlanje siye sithethe malunga ngomnye wababhali abaziwayo Soviet. Okanye kunoko, sinomdla biography of Chingiz Aitmatov na. Igama lo mbhali ebalaseleyo yaziwa sonke esikolweni, kodwa bambalwa abantu khumbula ngayo ubomi bakhe. Yiyo loo nto sijonga biography yombhali, ngokunjalo intetho malunga kangangoko imisebenzi yakhe.

Biography of Chingiz Aitmatov

Umbhali wazalelwa Kyrgyzstan kwilali encinane Sheker, ngoku iba kummandla Talas, ngowe-1928, ngoDisemba 12. Igama likatata wakhe yaba Torekul Aitmatov, wayengomnye abalimi kunye isiqalo revolution iye luxhaswe i Reds. Emva ukuyilwa yeBhunga, waba ngumsebenzi iqela le-Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic, yaye kamva a laseburhulumenteni owaziwayo. Noko ke, wabanjwa ngowe-1937 kwaye wadubula.

Igama lonina Chingiz Toreklovicha Nagima Hamzievna, intombi igama Abdulaev. Obuzwe, yena Tatar. Phantsi kolawulo yiSoviet, yena wayesebenza njengoko ngumsebenzi wezopolitiko umkhosi, ngoko waba sekuhleni. Umbhali elizayo kunye nabazalwana noodade bakhe wakhulela kwilali Sheker, apho intsapho yakhe waya nje phambi kokuba uyise Chingiz wabanjwa.

Institute kwaye imveliso yokuqala

Waphumelela ibanga lesibhozo Chingiz Aitmatov. Biography Kyrgyz othetha ngayo emva kokuba lo mfana bangena zootehnikum e Jambul (ngoku ekuthiwa Taraz), ngoku ibekwe kwi kummandla Kazakhstan. Emva koko, ngo-1948, umbhali waya Frunze, apho kulo nyaka wangena lwezoLimo Institute, apho waphumelela ngowe-1953. Ke iminyaka emithathu wasebenza Research Institute of imfuyo wezilwanyana.

Nkqu kwixesha yokufunda kwi-Agricultural Institute Aitmatov waqalisa ukupapasha amabali bakhe ngolwimi Kyrgyz. Kuphela ngo 1956 umbhali ithuba lokuya eMoscow kwiikhosi uncwadi, waphumelela ngowe-1958. Kulo nyaka oko kalindixesha bali "Oktobha" Aitmatov kaThixo "ubuso ngobuso", nto leyo yaguqulelwa kwi Kyrgyz.

udumo

Biography of Chingiz Aitmatov (ulwimi Kyrgyz kwakunye) igcwele na inani elikhulu yamabali epapashwe ekuqaleni umsebenzi wakhe. Kodwa ke umbhali lenene udumo izise ibali "Jamila", epapashwe kwiphephancwadi "Yehlabathi Elitsha". Oku kulo msebenzi wabonakala kuqala umbhali ingakumbi iprowuzi: indissoluble iinkcazelo fusion nezithethe zabantu kunye nohlobo kunye nedrama kakhulu kwi inkcazo uhlobo hero lyrical.

Emva kokugqiba izifundo iincwadi, uqala ukusebenza njenge intatheli Chingiz Torekulovich Aytmatov. Biography of umbhali uyaqhubeka e Frunze, apho waba umhleli we phephancwadi lobulali "Uqobo Kyrgyzstan". Ke kwiminyaka 60-80 waba ibamba of the Supreme yiSoviet waseUSSR, yaba komthunywa Party Congress, yaba lilungu lebhodi umhleli we "iphephandaba yoncwadi" yaye "Yehlabathi Elitsha". Ukongeza, ngeli xesha Aitmatov yaba izihlandlo ezithathu zinikwa imisebenzi yakhe ye-USSR State Prize. Kwaye ngo-1963 ukulungiselela yingqokelela yamabali amafutshane "Tales zeentaba kunye emaqeleni" wawongwa Prize Lenin. Le ncwadi iquka imisebenzi ezithetha iimeko ngokwasengqondweni ezinzima apho abantu abaqhele eyele emaphandleni besiza.

Kangangethuba elide umbhali ebhala kuphela ngolwimi Kyrgyz, nto leyo engqina ukuba biography of Chingiz Aitmatov. In Russian okokuqala kuphela ngo-1965 yayiyilwe inoveli "Sala, Gulsary!", Ekuqaleni sithwele igama "Ukufa pacer". Lo msebenzi watyhila enye uphawu lonke lokudala Aitmatov feature - abanentsukaphi luzayo, wakha phezu imixholo kunye mibala ye Epos weKyrgyzstan. Kamva, izisusa wentsomi kunye neenqobo kwindalo zoncwadi lombhali yande amandla.

Ngowe-1973, Aitmatov neqembu yakhe umbhali, intsebenziswano babhala umdlalo "nokunyuka iNtaba iFuji." Ngokutsho imveliso kwi yeqonga "Contemporary" (eMoscow) isiqwenga ebhedini, nto leyo yaba yimpumelelo enkulu kunye nabaphulaphuli.

Isiphelo sendlela

Ukususela ngo-1988 ukuya 1990, Aitmatov wakhonza umhleli oyintloko we "Foreign Literature". Emva koko wasebenza iminyaka emine ngunozakuzaku Kyrgyzstan.

Chingiz Torekulovich wafa eNuremberg ngo-2008, ngoJuni 10. Kulo mbhali encinane dolophu waseJamani waphathwa. Umbhali wangcwatywa ngoJuni 14 EBISHKEK kwisakhiwo zembali yesikhumbuzo ebizwa ngokuba "Ata-Beit."

"Itheko"

Biography kweenoveli Chingiz Aitmatov ayingobantu zizityebi ngokukhethekileyo. Enyanisweni, i "itheko" - Umbhali ke intando yesibini ngobukhulu, leyo wakhululwa ngowe-1986. Umsebenzi uwahlule ube zahlulo zithathu. Kweyoku-1 no-2 sichaza Avdii Kallistratova leyo Deacon-ofundileyo uyise. Boy ukuba sihambe ekhondweni likayise, unjalo sobufundisi. Noko ke, nanku lijongene nemingeni emitsha - ababingeleli musa ukuqonda iimbono zakhe malunga kaThixo kunye nebandla nako uyaphuhliswa.

Isahlulo sesithathu enikelwe ngokupheleleyo kwenye hero - Boston, leyo lifumana lenguqu ukuya kumashishini abucala kwempahla yobusoshiyali. Apha iintetho umbhali malunga angabi kwixesha kokusesikweni, malunga nobomi yengxinano nezintsonkothileyo ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu.

"I-Day Lihlala Nje Kwiminyaka Elikhulu ..."

Lo inoveli wokuqala ebhalwe ngumbhali, nto leyo engqina ukuba biography of Chingiz Aitmatov. Lo msebenzi yapapashwa ngo-1980 kwaye unalo igama yesibini - "Buran stop". Eyona hero iphambili yenoveli waba Yedigei elula Cossack, osebenza kwisikhululo, ethe tshwa emaqeleni. Isiphelo sale ndoda kunye nokusingqongileyo yachaphazela ubomi lonke ilizwe; ke ingcinezelo pre-imfazwe, iMfazwe Yehlabathi II, umsebenzi post-imfazwe nzima, ulwakhiwo site test yenyukliya. Iziganeko yenoveli siquka izicwangciso ezimbini: ziziganeko ezenzeka emhlabeni kunye esithubeni. Akunakwenzeka ukuba Anibashiyanga ngasemva kuba yini ku kala vanhu.

"Babona Dog usebenza kwi Edge koLwandle"

Eli libali ngomfana Kirisk, eyapapashwa okokuqala elwandle notata wakhe, umdala enye yamadodana kunye nomzala umalume. Enyanisweni, lo mfana wadlula isiko lokwaluka, emva koko uya kuba nelungelo kubizwa umntu. Qala baqala yimpumelelo, kodwa emva kokuba wabanjwa itywina lokuqala, waqala isiphango. Xa zonke lazola elwandle phantsi quba luluqilima. Wobuciko ligcwele yeentsomi namabali ezizwe abahlala kunxweme loLwandle Okhotsk.

anika umdla

Sibala izibakala umdla ezinxulumene umbhali odumileyo:

• Ngowe-1990, Aitmatov, ngoko ke ilungu ePhakamileyo yiSoviet waseUSSR wonyulwa ukuba isibhengezo zentetho yokutyumba ngexesha konyulo uMikhail Gorbachev.
• uMdal kakhulu kwi umbhali Kyrgyz wathi Louis naseAragon.
• Umbandela ibhaso le-Nobel Prize Aitmatov wakhuliswa ngurhulumente Turkish ngo-2008 kwiinyanga ezimbalwa nje phambi kokufa zombhali. Isiseko sonyulo yayikukuba Aitmatov nguye umbhali inkulu eTurkey.
• Wahlela zomngcwabo umbhali buqu Kurmanbek Bakiyev, ngubani waba ngumongameli Kyrgyzstan.

umntu umdla kakhulu kunye laseburhulumenteni owaziwayo yaba Chingiz Aitmatov. Biography, ngokufutshane echazwe ngasentla, usiyekile ukuqinisekisa oku.