Barium oxide

Usebenziso oluqhelekileyo lwe iziyobisi "barium oxide" isekelwe impahla yayo hygroscopic - ukukwazi ukufunxa amanzi. Ngoko ke ngqo kushishino kwemichiza ke, lisetyenziswa njengendlela icandelo ukuvelisa barium peroxide. Kushishino oxide buyafuneka ekuvelisweni umazibuthe yodongwe. Ngaphezu koko, kwiimeko ezikhoyo barium oxide ogama ifomula bao, ndafumana isicelo kakhulu microelectronics kunye neeletroniki ezithengiswayo. Kuba imveliso ferrate usebenzisa barium magnitokeramiki, efunyanwa ngokuhlanganisa entsimini womelele ngemagnethi phantsi koxinzelelo ngomxube barium kunye oxide zentsimbi nemigubo.

Noko ke, eyona njongo iphambili isicelo eyimveliso cathodes thermionic. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela, izazinzulu ukusuka Germany Venelt wafunda electron umthetho ungcoliseko, kutshanje leyo yavulwa IsiNgesi Explorer Richardson. Kuba experiments Venelt wasebenzisa amaqhekeza wire platinum. Iziphumo zokuqala zovavanyo kuqinisekiswa ngokupheleleyo izigqibo itsalelwa kamva yamachiza IsiNgesi. Kodwa ke amava ayiphumelelanga kwaye Venelt wacebisa ukuba ukuhamba elektroni iphezulu kakhulu kunesiqhelo, kuba phezu komhlaba izinto zokusebenza - platinum - uyazibonakalisa naziphi ukungcola. Emva kokuhlola vekeleke yayo Venelt wafumanisa ukuba ubukhulu umthombo electron le aphambuke flow barium oxide, platinum ngesiganeko phezu njengenxalenye izixhobo zobugcisa kuzakuthothisa ezisetyenziswa nokuhlola. Iziphelo Venelta elide wahlala eliyi kuba kuluntu lwezenzululwazi akwazi ngokomfuniselo ukuvelisa ngamava akhe. Kwathabatha emva kwenkulungwane ye yamachiza IsiNgesi Kohler wazibonakalisa ukuchaneka Venelta. Kohler ngokusekelwe yemifuniselo waphinda wabonisa ukuba barium oxide ufakwa kubushushu ngamandla ngokuthe aphantsi, ukukhutshwa ngobunzulu thermionic kwandisa ngokukhawuleza.

Kuphela banesifo lwekhulu yokugqibela, lo usomachiza waseJamani uPawulos wacebisa, iqulathe kwi yokuba elektroni angababulali ngenxa ubukho ubumdaka kwi oxide barium. Ngexesha reaction, esiqhutywa ngamandla ephantsi, inxalenye ioksijini buphuma ukusuka oxide. Ukuhlala apho barium na insimbi yaye ngaloo ndlela ikhuthaza imbonakalo electron simahla. Ezi elektroni kwaye abo bashiya isakhiwo crystalline xa itshiswa abefudula wabukela Venelt.

Kwaba kuphela ekuqaleni kwesiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane lokugqibela ekugqibeleni wabonisa ukunyaniseka kwalo hypothesis. Bemithi and P. A. Bundeli Ulwimi Kovtun (USSR) ayikwazanga kuphela ngamanani ukubeka ixabiso le lwee- ubumdaka kwi oxide barium, kodwa umfuniselo wokuthelekisa ixabiso layo kunye flow nobungakanani thermionic. Kungenxa yoko le nto oxide barium isetyenziswa njenge isithako esisebenzayo ekwenziweni cathodes thermionic. Ngokomzekelo, i umqadi electron, apho umfanekiso eyenziwa kwikhusi elula umabonwakude okanye ikhompyutha esweni. Umgangatho stream mthombo apha izenzo barium oxide.

Ukuba into kukuzama ukuba ukunyibilika emanzini, kufumaniseke ukuba barium oxide idityaniswe namanzi ngokufudumeza isisombululo. Ngaloo wafumana into barium hayidroksayidi - emhlophe powder kunye indawo ukunyibilika 78 ° C. Le ephindeneyo awasabela ngayo kunye yamnandi igesi carbon dioxide, kwaye ke ngoko sele kusungulwe isisombululo zolwelo, wayedla ngokuba "amanzi barite", lisetyenziswa njengendlela reagent ukuya carbon dioxide.

Umchiza nangazo icandelo olifunayo ifakiwe izinto ezahlukeneyo umbala, izinto zokuthambisa ne-oyile. ukusetyenziswa okunjalo barium oxide wayixela nokuba di Mendeleev.