Yintoni ukubiya yaye yintoni imiphumo yayo?

Ukubiyelwa kwi historiography yinkqubo wentshabalalo loluntu yezolimo kweefama eYurophu. Amaninzi eli gama lisetyenziswa ukubhekisela eNgilani kule mihla siphila kuyo.

Ukulima ngenkulungwane XVI England

Ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni na ukubiya, kufuneka uye emva Tudor kwexesha. Ngeli xesha ishishini ngelaphu phambili ngokukhawuleza eNgilani. Amaxabiso uboya, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, bagxininisa loqoqosho olukhulu kwimfuyo, ingakumbi, ingqalelo enkulu zahlawula amadlelo amadlelo. Around kulendlela wajika umzabalazo kakhulu.

abanini izityebi izinduna baqalisa ukuthenga ingca i nabalimi abahlwempuzekileyo. Ezi domains kwase kuqashwe kumafama. kwifama eyodwa yawela emaxongo kakhulu. Uninzi ilizwe IsiNgesi inikwe phakathi kwamadoda asebukhosini, icawa kunye norhulumente.

freeholder

Amafama ngoko yaseBritani zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amabini. Lokuqala - freeholders, okanye ekuthiwa-abanini free. Babengazi ukuba yintoni na ukubiya. ulwalamano lwabo kunye amaFilisti ngolu hlobo. Le lali ekhokhela irente encinane ilizwe labo yaye alahle kubo njengoko kwabo. Eli qela bahlala kwiimeko ezininzi ukhululekile ukuba lifa ke ezolimo. Ngelo xesha kwakukho Freeholders encinane kakhulu. Aba yinxalenye encinane kakhulu zezolimo yabemi eNgilani.

kudunyiswe

Ihluke bekunjalo kwezakhi umlimi yesibini. ngabalimi ezinjalo ebizwa waqubuda. Le klasi kwasekwa kwinkulungwane XIV, emva serfdom wabhangiswa eNgilani. Oku kubandakanya kanye inkqubo ebiyelweyo.

Mangeni owned ilizwe labo kuphela ukuba ilungelo ubomi. Oku kwakuthetha ukuba umlimi kwakufuneka ukuthethana kunye neNkosi iimeko umqeshisi yelifa lakhe kwizizukulwana ezizayo. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo nayiphi na imicimbi umhlaba. Enyanisweni, ezi abalimi (yaye uninzi) baba kuxhomekeke Lords. Ukongeza, umqeshi bond nganye kuhlawulelwa irente yakhe cash mhlaba.

Ekubeni noboya kweli lizwe waqalisa ukuba ukwenyuka kwamaxabiso, izikhulu baqala ukwandisa kakhulu amaxabiso yerenti. Oku kuye kwabangela ukuba ubuhlwempu ngobuninzi abalimi. Bazifumanisa ezikweletini zawa. Inkqubo yemveli ukuphilisana kule lali kungekudala kwaphulwa. Kwathi kwinkulungwane XVI.

Ukudinwa yabalimi belizwe

Njengoko kwintlawulo amatyala kumafama ezikhethiweyo lucinga zabo. Oku yayisisiqalo inkqubo ngokutsha zongxowankulu elalini. iindawo kuleli zibiyelwe ukusuka abanini yangaphambili (oko kungoko igama esiye sayiqwalasela ingqiqo).

Ngokuqhelekileyo, umlimi uya kuphulukana zonke ilizwe abenalo ngaphambili. Abantu abanjalo baba abasebenzi eqeshiweyo neenkosi efanayo. Yintoni zezimvu inkoliso yabo? Le nkqubo athile. Lo mkhwa unalo igama edumileyo,-ntonye "pauperization". abantu abahluphekayo baba engekaqibi lwasuswa. Oku ngemiphumo ezivalelweyo.

Kwakhona, le nkqubo iye mandundu yi-IsiNgesi zoHlaziyo yenzekile. amandla Royal uphikisana kunye Pope. UHenry VIII wavakalisa ukuba ngoku ilizwe lakhe liya kusebenza laso. Ngelo xesha kwakukho ngokuthathelwa imihlaba yoonongendi kunye namanye amaziko ezenkolo. Holdings wadlulela kurhulumente. Baphila abalimi abaninzi. Inkoliso yabo zishiywa lizwe - apha ke onqatyisiweyo. Ungqubano ezinxulumene nale nkqubo yakhokelela Sasungulwa imvukelo amaninzi kulo lonke elo lizwe.

Uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho emva ebiyelweyo

Abahlali kwiphondo lommntla uphawuleka ingakumbi intlupheko. Lo mmandla umda na uphuhliso lunqongo-. Abalimi abaninzi waya kukhonza kwi wamajoni endaweni intlawulo eqhelekileyo yerhafu komhlaba. Utshintsho nkulu kunye nokubiya afika kummandla kule ethubeni yokugqibela. Kwaqala le nkqubo iye yaba uMbindi noMzantsi East England. Apha ungquzulwano phakathi yeenkosi kunye nabalimi kubonakala ngokukhethekileyo.

Ekumzantsi indlela yemveli kuluntu yelizwe ubomi yathatha ixesha elide. Kwakukho mveliso yoboya elininzi kwedlelo. Kopigoldnye uqoqosho kula amaphondo esitalini xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iingingqi zeli lizwe.

Yintoni na iziphumo abalimi zaye Ukubiyelwa entshona? Apha ke phantse ezingabonakaliyo. I yeenkosi baye bazama ukwandisa nemfuyo yabo ngokuvusa iindleko kwerente. Le ndlela iye ngasese kwaye hayi yimpumelelo nokuhluthwa ngqo.

Yintoni ukubiya? Kwakhona inkxaso kuphuhliso lwamashisini ngomlinganiselo omkhulu. Le ndawo kwezoqoqosho eNgilani ungaphantsi ezaba ngaphezu kwamanye amazwe atyebileyo. Umzekelo, kwi-Netherlands inani mveliso, bayisile ematyeni kunye nezinye iifama ezintsha zathi enkulu xa kuthelekiswa siqithi angabamelwane. Xa abanini ezinkulu iNgilani uyiqwebe a capital enkulu ngeendleko zokubiyela, imali yabo baya kuphuhliso shishino. Ngenxa yale umsantsa phakathi eNgilani neHolland ngenkulungwane XVIII iye yasuswa ngempumelelo.