Inkcubeko Trypillian

inkcubeko Trypillian abizwa ngokuba kummandla kwafunyaniswa - kwilali Tripoli, engekude eKiev. It yasasazwa kwixesha Chalcolithic ukusuka Dnieper River ukuya entshona Ukraine, Moldova naseMpuma eRomania, apho wafumana igama "Cucuteni". Tripoltsy ke zokuhlala zokuqala ngokusisigxina.

Abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba yavela kwisiqingatha sesibini kwewaka 6 yaye yayikhona kuze kwikota yokuqala BC yesi-3.

Engela ngumba wokuba njani kwenzeka inkcubeko Trypillian. isiseko sayo yenziwe izizwe neolithic. Phakathi kwabo lugxininisa abathwali iinkcubeko Koros, Bonn, Bug-Dniester inkcubeko kunye nemicwe ngodongwe.

Vikentiem Hvoykoy afunyanwa kwi kwenkulungwane ye-19, i-Trypillya wokuqala bakuyo kumawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo.

Amacandelo aphambili ezoqoqosho ziye kuthathwa ukuba ukuzala nezolimo. inkcubeko Trypillian hlukile inqanaba sezingeni eliphezulu yophuhliso unxulumano loluntu. Ngexesha khona kwalo yayiphawuleka ukwanda kakhulu ukwanda kwabantu kwiindawo lonikezelo yayo.

kwiilali Tripoltsev zibekwe kufutshane amanzi kumathambeka nokuthantamisa, ephelele wokufama. Bona izilingo zokuhlala zodaka (amashumi eziliqela) kunye ushiye zangaphakathi. Wavele, ngazo izindlu ezinjalo Sasihlala bezibandakanya iintsapho ezininzi ekuhlaleni. Kwizixeko ezininzi Tripolye kuthiwa wayehlala abantu malunga 15-20 amawaka.

ukubumba Tripolskaya ngexesha ahlala indawo phambili kwi kwimfezeko yokudweba, umhombiso, nezidanga eYurophu. Ubumba koko ifikelele kumgangatho ophezulu kakhulu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iisimboli Trypillya afunyanwa kwi izitya nezizwe iinkcubeko ezilandelayo le Bronze Age. nabo babonisa ngokucacileyo zomdongwe kwixesha zamaSkitiya-Greek.

Ezinye zobuhlalu, isithethe, ezolimo, ubugcisa, wahlala ukuya Kievan Rus. Namhlanje ngamanye amaxesha sibonakala Ukraine Trypillya kwindlu, zipeyintwe ngemibala eqaqambileyo. Ipatheni Ukrainian kwi shirts iitawuli ukujonga izinto Tripolye imizobo yodongwe.

Akucacanga kangaka kude kangakanani yaye kutheni impucuko shwaka Tripolskaya. Abanye ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemozulu. Tripoltsy kwafuneka umhlala ehlabathini, ukuphuhlisa imimandla emitsha ka-Greece, kuMbindi Mpuma, Italy, iYiputa, iBrithani.

Kukho kwakhona Cingela ukuba inkcubeko Trypillian iphela phantsi komhlaba walo khona. ixesha elide, oku ingcamango akazange abe ubungqina. Noko ke, kamva kwafunyaniswa zakudala kwintshona Ukraine kwezinye izakhiwo komhlaba besive Tripoli inkcubeko. Ngelo xesha abantu abayi waya komhlaba, kodwa waqhubeka ukukhokela imisebenzi kunokuba esebenzayo kwezoqoqosho.

Indawo lokwenene zakudala ingqalelo Verteba. Lo mqolomba eyaduma ngenkulungwane ye-19, nangona kunjalo, olu phando waqala kuyo kuphela kwinkulungwane yama-20. Xa befunda ngalo, izazinzulu ziye kufika kwisigqibo sokuba ezenzeka kumaxesha amandulo ngokusebenzisa maleko karstic enemijelo baphele kunye emvula iiholo ngokuphindaphindiweyo waphuphuma emqolombeni. Kulo mba, abahlali yasiwa kwezinye iindawo kumqolomba okwethutyana. Abaphandi uqaphele ukuba tripoltsy bendinokukunyamezela iimeko ezinjalo - ukunqongophala rhoqo wokukhanya ukufuma - kuphela xa kuyimfuneko.

Ulwimi oluthethwa tripoltsy inzuzo ziqulathe amagama kunye iisilabhili evulekileyo. Iimpawu lwenkcubeko zolwimi olufanayo eziye zafunyanwa Asia Minor kunye eKrete. Oku kubonisa ukuba ulwimi Trypillian fanele ukuya kuLwandle Black kunye neqela lweMeditera.