Khrushchev, ngethuba lolawulo: ixesha wephepha

Mhlawumbi zonke inkokeli karhulumente yiSoviet, wahlala kwindawo naliphi ixesha kakhulu, ndomkhumbuza imisebenzi yoluntu epochal. Babeka okanye bedumisa, kodwa amagama abo zimane eziqhelekileyo kuyo yonke schoolchild. Yaye nje amagama, kodwa ixesha lonke, nto leyo enxulumene nazo - zahluke kangaka. Association Stalin kaThixo - kuba umoya zocindezelo kunye nokoyika amandla iyonke, Gorbachev - ngoko namhlanje ufunga guqula, ezintsonkothileyo ogama lakhe yabandakanywa kwezinye iilwimi zehlabathi, - «perestroika». Ebudeni bolawulo Hruscheva N. S. washiya kwinkumbulo abantu ngaphezu kwabo bonke inkqubo de-Stalinization, Sukugcina kunye namashishini amakhulu yaphela ukusilela. Phakathi yokugqibela - uphuhliso kumazwe enyulu yaye 'umbona yeqhawe ". Noko ke, Khrushchev, ngexesha ukubusa wasebenza ukususela ngowe-1953 ukuya 1964, wenza njengentloko karhulumente igalelo elibonakalayo kuphuhliso lwayo zobugcisa nezesayensi. Makhe ukukhumbula iziganeko eziphambili yayilixesha elithile elizibalula ngeziganeko.

Khrushchev: ubukumkani kunye nobudlelwane

Le nkqubo enxulumene ekuqaleni kunye XX Congress of Communist Party, wabeka isiseko sexesha elitsha kuba ilizwe. Kwaba apha ngoFebruwari 1954, unobhala omtsha ufunde ukuveza ingxelo kukaStalin ngayo ukunqulwa ngayo ubuntu, kwakunye Izicatshulwa ze ezahlukeneyo iindlela zokufikelela socialism. amanyathelo nzima ngamanye amaxesha ekhohlaleleyo elithile elizibalula edlulileyo, liphuma ideology izolo xa esingenalusini izimvo zamaKomanisi ekulweni Contra, afunyaniswe enetyala. Njengoko enye indlela, ukuba ecetywayo ingcamango ngokuhlalisana ngoxolo lamazwe ne iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoqoqosho, kodwa laqalisa ukuncitshiswa kolawulo yembono phezu yoluntu. Kule nkalo, Khrushchev, ebudeni bolawulo ogama waniphawula yi de-Stalinization, aphawula ukuqala ekupheleni yiSoviet Union nje isimo yileyo. Ngamanye amazwi, ngoku kolawulo kwiimbono abaninzi lehla kuphela, besizisa kwiminyaka elishumi ukuya ababhali gqira, emva amabini - ukuze aligwebe amagunya "kuzo zonke ekhishini", banesifo kamva kohlulwa kunye nenkqubo yonke. Noko ke, ukuvuselelwa omkhulu lamabanjwa ngaphambili elimsulwa, ukuba baphindele le iCrimea AmaTatar, ukukhululwa ukusuka kumakhamandela kwisigaba yenkcubeko - Kakade, iziphumo ezakhayo nobudlelwane obuhle. Xa nenani-1950-1960 kukho ukunyuka ebalulekileyo cinema waseSoviet kunye noncwadi.

Khrushchev: Ebudeni bolawulo imeko ngamazwe

Apha, ixesha ephikisanayo kakhulu. Kwelinye icala, kukho détente ngamazwe: ekunciphiseni nkqubo iyonke bezinye iintlanga Union, kutyelelo lokuqala ukuya lizwe iinkokeli yasentshona (ezifana Charles de Gaulle), kuku- ukuqondwa ebalulekileyo kwavumela iinkqubo ezimbini, ukuphuculwa ubudlelwane kunye eYugoslavia phantsi Tito. Last ixesha elide kwabonakala kurhulumente Stalin njengoko "clique zwilakhe" (ngenxa kumgca yabo Tito kuphuhliso lwelizwe labo, ngokuchaseneyo kwiqela oorhulumente iphaphethi eMpuma naseNtshona Yurophu). Kwelinye icala, ukuba ukho kweli xesha kwenzeka: esikhulu ikhulise-up enyukliya phakathi eMpuma kunye West, owokuqala isoyikiso i esinombala imfazwe yenyukliya (Cuba Missile Crisis), olube yimpumelelo ludilike ufumana ngobuwena yayo izinto ngendlela ye-Berlin Wall. Kakhulu maxongo ubudlelwane ne-China, ogama urhulumente okhokelwa Mao Zedong, likhankanya akuthethi ukwamkela ukugxekwa Stalin sexesha, ukufumana Amaqumrhu ikhosi uwexuko entsha esuka iingcinga nolobukomanisi. USSR ebudeni bolawulo Khrushchev futhi baphumelele elininzi ngokomda lwenzululwazi nobugcisa. Kuqala kwinto zonke, bona, Kakade ke, kuthwelwe kugqatso kwisithuba apho izazinzulu zethu, ngaphandle ubaxo, waphumelela kwixesha, ukuthumela isathelayithi yokuqala emajukujukwini, umntu wokuqala, emva kwenyanga, kodwa ngowokuqala ukufika Venus.