Yintoni indima fungi ebomini babantu?

Xa Ukubolekisa izinto yobume zobukumkani fungi ayikho wokugqibela. fungi ezininzi impahla luncedo kakhulu - okubolileyo le khompawundi komgquba emhlabeni ukuya ngezimbiwa, kwaye kamva yayingeyonxalenye zizityalo. A ngokuncedisana (okanye njengoko ibizwa ngokuba, mycorrhiza) izityalo kunye nomngundo - yinxalenye kubukho izityalo ezininzi. Kodwa yintoni intsingiselo fungi ebomini bomntu? Kwaye ezi zidalwa yendalo bazise nemisebenzi yayo ebalulekile?

Indima fungi ebomini babantu: ukutya

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, abantu baye basebenzisa amakhowa ukutya. Ezityiwayo yendalo - iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100, kodwa ngokubanzi ekuphekeni iimfuno onke amazwe kunye nabantu - ku amane. Njengoko usazi, ezi zidalwa anele izondlo. A lot of kubo, kunye neeproteni (endleleni, kwiintlobo ezininzi ngokuzila zonqulo, bavumelekile ukuba adle ngeli xesha, kunye nezityalo). Abantu abahlala kufutshane amahlathi, okanye hlathi, kudala eyaziswa ikhowa njengomnye ezinkulu kwaye kukho umthombo ungaphelelwayo protini. Kumaxesha pre-revolution (kwaye kwiyure lwangoku) kuba belali elo inkxaso omhle akunantsapho uyondlayo.

Ukulinywa amakhowa

Namhlanje, ezinye ke iintlobo zobukumkani amagciwane ezifuyelwa ngokuzenzela umntu, ukuze bafumane izinto zokutya, elungiselelwe ngokukodwa le ufakelo. Champignons neenkowane Oyster, amakhowa shiitake, yaye waba into eqhelekileyo ezishelfini of ezinkulu. Yaye abantu badla ngothakazelelo olukhulu, ngenxa makhowa nga kuphekwa ngaphezu kweshumi ngokutya okumnandi kunye okunesondlo. Kunye nendima fungi ebomini bomntu - yombhaki, yamazimba, iwayini igwele - yaziwa kakuhle kwaye kubalulekile. Iyogurt nesonka engenagwele yaze yaqengqelekela, ibhiya kunye newayini, nezonka zamasi ulisebenzisa - zonke iimveliso umsebenzi data fungi.

okubonakalayo amayeza

Ngophuhliso iyeza Kangangokuba kukho indima fungi ebomini bomntu - impiliso. Kwasekuqaleni Renaissance, kukho wokuqala eyaziwayo (phambi oku, mhlawumbi ingcaciso ezosulela ngomlomo) ngamaxhwele abalawuli apho kuhlawulwa ingqalelo neenkowane namachiza kwizifo ezithile. Xa yesilungu, fungi ezinjengezo Aspergillus kunye IPenicillium ukuvelisa antibiotics enamandla - iziyobisi kutshabalalisa iintsholongwane.

kwezolimo

Indima fungi ebomini bomntu kwinkalo yezolimo. Ezinye iintlobo sande abandakanyeka ngokulinywa kwezinye izityalo (umzekelo, yeediliya seedless, amaqunube inkanuko ukukhula) kunye nolawulo izinambuzane ezithile - kwinqanaba eziphilayo.

ukulimala

Kodwa ezinye iintlobo amakhowa zinetyhefu kwaye yingozi ebantwini. Umzekelo, ukuba usebenzisa ngempazamo kwabo ukutya. Ukonakaliswa kungabangela nokutya iimveliso wulahle ukuya ukuyilwa yamathumba. Kwaye kwezolimo zibangela umonakalo omkhulu fungi esonzakalisa izityalo - ingakumbi imithi yeziqhamo kunye nokutya okuziinkozo.