Wedding Ivana Groznogo ukumkani (short)

Ixesha andulela ubukumkani Ivan IV, kwi imeko yezopolitiko noqoqosho kwakunzima. ephikisana ulawulo saa kunye nabanye. namazwe angabamelwane - Lithuania, eJamani, Poland - bazama kuthimba ubulawuli eMoscow. Wembambano, kuphangwa ukubola-Mongol ayengavumelekanga Russia ngokuzola ayisekho nokuphuhlisa.

Tsar Ivan Grozny waba ngukumkani yokuqala Russia Orthodox. Wedding Ivana Groznogo ebukumkanini ebibanjelwe Kwingcingane Cathedral of incwadi yesicelo, kunye sisihlwele esikhulu sabantu. Onjani womntu? uya kulawula njani Rus ngexesha kunokuba nzima?

umshado

Wedding Ivana Groznogo ebukumkanini wathembisa ukutshintsha kuba ngcono. Isiko kwenzeka Januwari 16, 1547, ngokuxhomekeke ekhoyo ngexesha isikripthi lamaByzantine. Ezi mpawu ziye zasetyenziswa Monomakh, cross umthi wobomi, intonga yasebukhosini kunye nezinye izinto zonqulo. umsitho Wedding wamiswa nobukhazikhazi kombuso. izinduna langoku, abalungiseleli wabanumzana, nebandla banxiba umhombiso yiBrocade, ngegolide, namatye anqabileyo eninzi.

iintsimbi Church, nemihlali ngokubanzi - yonke lo enkulu, umbhiyozo ezimibalabala. Le ibekwa Ivana Groznogo wazimisela sakhe ephezulu, naseRashiya wayelingana uBukhosi baseRoma. EMoscow yaba sisixeko olawulayo, nelizwe Russian - ubukumkani Russian. Young Prince of eMoscow wathanjiswa enemore, ukuba ingcamango zonqulo kuthetha "akhethwa nguThixo". I-Church kuzo zonke zaba umdla ethile: ukuphumeza ophambili kurhulumente kunye nokomelezwa ngakumbi Orthodox.

Le ibekwa Ivana Groznogo

Abalawuli abangamaKatolika kwezi ziganeko azizange zamkelwe. Babecinga of Ivan IV bhedengu, kunye emtshatweni wakhe - kanjani-yokusa. Ithuba apho esibi kwafuneka ukuba ngukumkani, kwaba nzima kakhulu. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuba betshatile uqale umlilo owatshabalalisa amashumi amawaka izindlu, impahla, imfuyo, isitokhwe ukutya. Oku konke okuyimfuneko ukuze ubomi. Kwaye into embi lomlilo lawabulala abantu ngaphezu kwewaka elinye. Ezehlela abantu intaba kwakhokelela ekubeni ukunganeliseki kunye lithemba. Qala uqhushululu, imvukelo, isiphithiphithi. Wedding Ivana Groznogo ebukumkanini aba intlungu yakhe.

Kwafuneka ukuba yokusombulula imisebenzi ebalulekileyo: ukomeleza i "okusesikweni nobulungisa 'ukuba sandise i-Russia Orthodox. Eli phupha nangoku Grand INkosana eMoscow - Ivan Iii, ngubani owabeka ngumongo karhulumente Russian. Kodwa endleleni kwakukho imiqobo emininzi. ulawulo ngalinye gravitated ngayo geqe. Le izinduna balwa bodwa ngenxa ngamandla. Nabaziirhuluneli bafuna, ukuba amandla kunye nobukhulu.

Iindlela eBhodi

Ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali, ngenxa ukubulawa ngokufihlakeleyo Ivan IV eneminyaka esibhozo ubudala yena wasala wayeyinkedama. Yena ingqalelo ngokwakhe bamshiya, waphatheka wabasindisa nanqala yakhe ebantwini. Ndandikhula, Mna andifumani inkohlakalo ukuba ekugqibeleni waba Ivan labangcangcazelisi. Wedding Ivana Groznogo ebukumkanini (1547) - sisiqalo ixesha zogonyamelo, ubundlobongela yi-Grand Duke eRashiya, wamkela isihloko loMlawuli. Umzekelo isikhalazo 70 Pskov olahlwa irhuluneli - Prince Pronsky. Kuba oko ukumkani phantsi bekhalaza kakhulu ya nxaniso. Oku kwabangela ukuba zibhuqe ngabalawuli zasekuhlaleni. Ukuziva zingabanjwa, baqhubeka benze olahlwa.

Ukuyekelela kunye neziphumo zayo yiyo akanyanzelisi into yokubana ukuba ulinde ixesha elide ukuze impindezelo: waqalisa ebukumkanini luvalo. Oku kwabangela isiphithiphithi, udlame eMoscow nakwezinye izixeko. Ukuze gqiba ukunganeliseki kusetyenziswa amanyathelo ndikhohlakele: isohlwayo eyoyikekayo, apho wazibandakanya ukumkani ngokwakhe.

Icala esihle wolawulo

Kwaye ke impumelelo ezintle karhulumente Russian waphawula mbali yomtshato Ivana Groznogo ebukumkanini. Phakathi Iinguqu umda parochialism (Code of Service), nabafuna ningambusi amakhoboka kuphela, kodwa ke abaqeshisi. komhlaba karhulumente wengingqi ubonelela ekutshintshweni samandla iirhuluneli akhethwe imizimba. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu gadalala. ingqalelo kakhulu yahlawulwa ishishini lokwakha. Nokuhlaziya izakhiwo ilitye endala kunye ezintsha ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo.

Ngowe-1560 e Moscow kwakukho ezintle St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo, emehlweni elithozamisayo namhlanje. Wedding Ivana Groznogo ebukumkanini kuye kwakhokelela utshintsho kumgaqo-nkqubo amazwe.

angaphandle

Ngenxa yokomelezwa imikhosi amabutho ukwandisa imida karhulumente Russian. Ngowe-1556, oko ekugqibeleni yoyiswa kwaye ehlonyelwe impangele Kazan. Kulo nyaka, oyiswe Astrakhan Khanate. Juni 30, 1572 kufuphi eMoscow zenzeka kwidabi, nto leyo ekhokelele AmaTatar boyiswa wabaleka, eshiya ibanjwa odumileyo jikelele Divey-Murza. Kunye Tatar idyokhwe yagqitywa ngonaphakade. Wedding Ivana Groznogo ebukumkanini, ubudala wobukumkani bakhe, ichazwa ngexesha lokutshintsha ebalulekileyo.

Xa kwimbali Russia Orthodox yenguquko kwiminyaka yokugqibela wolawulo Ivana Groznogo ukufa yonyana wakhe. Ziye zaphawula ukuba ukumkani wambulala unyana wakhe kufanelekile ngumsindo, ziyiyo ukutyumka intloko ngentonga yakhe. Nokuphola esenzeka Grozny waqonda ukuba watshabalalisa ikamva ubukhosi bakhe. Unyana omncinci Fedor waba nempilo enkenenkene, wayengakwazi ukuba akhokele ilizwe. indlalifa Ukulahleka ngenxa inkohlakalo yakhe ngenqindi phantsi impilo yokumkani. umzimba ezigugileyo abakwazi ukumelana kubothusa luvo, kwiminyaka emithathu emva kokufa, unyana wakhe, Matshi 18, 1584, Ivan Grozny wafa.

ubuntu Outstanding eRussia

Emva kokufa ukumkani phezu kwakhe emishini ukhakhayi rite lwenziwa kunye ngokumnika igama uYona. Wedding Ivana Groznogo ebukumkanini zingaphawulwa ngokufutshane wachazwa eqaqambileyo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ibala emnyama kwimbali Enkulu Russia Orthodox. Kukhokelela yabanjwa psychological abaselula kakhulu ubudala wawa umthwalo udumo lwakhe, igunya, uxanduva wagqiba izenzo zakhe buqu kunye izigqibo zikarhulumente.

Kuba imbali kumtshato Ivana Groznogo ebukumkanini (kunyaka 1547) yaba isiqalo sexesha omangalisayo ukuyilwa karhulumente Russian. Ngenxa nokumkani wayo wokuqala, wobukumkani bakhe, kwakukho Russian uBukhosi, ebe ikhona kwaye ziphuhliswe kule mini.