Ukuqala uphuhliso kumazwe enyulu kwakunye neziphumo lo amaqhawe abacimi

UMbuso Russian yaba elithumela ehlabathini kweenkozo. Nditsho neemeko kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, xa onke amazwe aseYurophu kwanyanzeleka ukuba aye ikhadi kwenkqubo yonikezelo labantu kwilizwe lethu, isonka kunye nezinye iimveliso kufuneka ngokukhululekileyo athengwe evenkileni.

Iingxaki yaqala kamva, emva Oktobha 1917. Umgaqo-nkqubo omtsha kwezoqoqosho kubonakala ukuba isigqibo kubo, kodwa kwenzeka ukuba - serious elide ...

Kwiintlungu collectivization, indlala kunye nezinye iziphumo ezininzi ukusebenza nokusebenzisa Marxism ngomhla wesithandathu omnye ilizwe ithetha lukhulu. Imfazwe ngoko, nako kuye kwanefuthe ukuba siswele kunye nobunzima. Ngoku, ukuba akunjalo, damn, ngoko siya kuba nako ukuphiliswa ...

Ubunkokheli eSoviet usoloko uzame ukusombulula zonke iingxaki kunye indlela elula. Kwi isakhiwo akukho mntu yophuhliso lulonke, okanye umonde.

Emva kokufa kukaStalin kaThixo, unobhala entsha ye-Central Committee CPSU, eli xesha akukho jikelele, kodwa kuqala, cinga kwakhona malunga nendlela anyulwa ngayo ekugqibeleni ukuba ukondla abantu. Kwimaphu enkulu eSoviet Union wasondela ingqalelo imigca ulinywa ngqo (ukuba Stalin kwenziwa phantsi kwe layini) a Kazakhstan enkulu gqa. Kwaye ukuba uthatha, nabantu abakuwo kunye nengqolowa?

Qala yophuhliso kumazwe enyulu ngoFebruwari 1945, yaqaliswa yi Kazakh amaKomanisi kwi VII Congress of the CP ye-Kazakh SSR. Nangona kunjalo, lo abakhulu abo ezifunekayo isisombululo kule ngxaki iinkozo Union isikali. Iphulo lendawo kwafuneka inkxaso.

February 23, 1954 yayiququzelelwe plenum yiKomiti Central, leyo wabeka ngqo umba yokwanda kweendawo ezityaliweyo kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo waseUSSR, kuquka Urals, eSiberia, ummandla iVolga nkqu eCaucasus, kodwa kwacaca konke kwiqonga iphambili yotshintsho olululo agrarian ziya kuba Kazakhstan. Kwachazwa ekuqaleni uphuhliso kumazwe enyulu. umhla plenum wokuvala, 2 Matshi, kuye kwaba zembali.

Iinjongo baba udumo: ukuba ahlwayele 13 yezigidi zeehektare, ufumane iitoni billion yesityalo. Yintoni ekufuneka? Abantu nobugcisa. Kutsha nje, abasebenzi, kunye ezamahala mali, mda ukuba unikeze Gulag. Ngoku ke kwafuneka enze ngenye indlela. Qala yophuhliso kumazwe enyulu, kukhatshwa iphulo elikhulu ubuxoki balizukisa "bahlali", nobuganga umngeni kanye indalo. Ihlombe, ngokufuthi senzeka kwi isilivere screen kunokuba ebomini yokwenene, ukusekelwa izinto ngenkani. Abantu batsalwa iinzuzo kunye nezixhobo nokuphakamisa. Ngaphandle kwezi, ithe yakhupha ngetyala - 10 amawaka kangangeminyaka eli-10, ngoxa kuyimfuneko ukuhlawula engange 6500 kuphela. Kunye zokuhamba free.

Akukho namnye unako obenokuzichaza yoko, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba uphuhliso kumazwe enyulu. 1955 ngequbuliso banda, apho, Kakade ke, akukho mntu ukulungele. Rhweba ngaphandle yengqolowa nto, kwaye akukho ukuhamba. Ngezinto ezifana bekwilift kunye nezinye izibonelelo, hayi ndicinge ngaloo minyaka zobuqhawe.

Abathandi reshivshiesya ngenxa yokuhlaliswa, bazibona kwimeko ezinzima kakhulu. Ukuba ehlala ezintenteni kunye dugouts, imozulu wayengqwabalala. Ukongeza, ubonakele nonuniform isakhiwo kwezentlalo, ukugcina ucwangco kwakunzima kwiinkampu zokwakha. Babehamba ukuya kumathafa Kazakh, amalungu hayi nje ntliziyo Komsomol, kodwa abantu elidlulileyo lolwaphulo-mthetho yaye maxa wambi abakhoyo.

Qala yophuhliso kumazwe enyulu ukudalile enye ingxaki - yokusingqongileyo. Otyebileyo wabonisa maleko ubhityileyo ngendlela engaqhelekanga, oko kwakhokelela anzongonzongo elima ukhukuliseko lomhlaba kunye nothuli neenkqwithela. Ukungabikho indlela yenzululwazi kunye nophando olufanelekileyo agronomic (kwaye abazange babe nexesha) yaba nemiphumela emibi, enye yazo nokuncitshiswa komsebenzi kwicandelo imfuyo, i yemveli zolimo Kazakhstan.

Ngomhla isikali iinguqu zentlalo kwezolimo Saga eyintombi yayingekho ngokulinganayo. 650 amawaka abantu republic ezahlukeneyo eSoviet Union baye bafudukela Kazakhstan. Njengoko kusenziwa ngakumbi, phantse nesiqingatha sesigidi kubo ndahlala kumazwe zabo zomthonyama, ngaphandle kokukhetha icala kwityala.

ukukhula ezicwangcisiweyo Semidesyatiprotsentny kwemveliso yezolimo eyaguqukayo yaba umzobo athobekile ngaphezulu - 15%. ubengayilungiselelanga kokuqalisa zophuhliso kumazwe enyulu. Ngeminyaka yee-ngamahlanu, abantu babephila ukuthandwa umntu lumo engahlawulwayo wengoma buvuvu, yabhalwa ngokukodwa umhlaba intombi amaqhawe: "sele Beze bahlali, ubuso cheerless ..."