War ndawonye

War Communism - umgaqo-nkqubo lwaqhutywa ngurhulumente weSoviet ngexesha leMfazwe Civil. Ngoko ke umgaqo-nkqubo of War Communism phantsi kwesizwe iziqinisekiso kushishino enkulu kunye neliphakathi, Ukucelwa, phantsi kwesizwe beebhanki, inkonzo yabasebenzi, eli ligatya yokusetyenziswa kwemali, lodwa karhulumente kwi ukuziphatha yorhwebo lwangaphandle. Ukongeza inkqubo of War ubukomanisi luphawulwa izithuthi simahla, ukupheliswa sentlawulo ngeenkonzo zonyango, imfundo free, ukunqongophala yentlawulo ngeenkonzo eluncedo. Omnye iimpawu eziphambili, esimele ziimpawu le nkqubo - ukuba ke lonke ngokuqatha kuqoqosho.

Xa abantu bethetha nezizathu ngokuqhuba inkqubo enjalo kwiBolsheviks, liza phezulu ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo of War Communism engqinelanayo ideology ngokweMarxist iiBolsheviks, izimvo zabo malunga nokwenzeka yobukomanisi, ukulingana jikelele, njalo-njalo. Noko ke, le mbono engalunganga. Isibakala sokuba iiBolsheviks ngokwabo iintetho zabo wagxininisa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo of War Communism - into okwethutyana, kwaye ibangelwa iimfazwe zamakhaya enogonyamelo. YamaBolshevik, Bogdanov kwanangaphambi kokuba ukusekwa amandla zamaKomanisi, wabhala ukuba nkqubo lulandelayo iimeko zemfazwe. Nguye lo kuqala kunye nenye iphayiphu ecetywayo ukubiza inkqubo enjalo War ubuKomanisi. A Inani mbali nazo zithi ukuba ubukomanisi imfazwe - le nkqubo kubangelwa zimeko njongo, kunye neenkqubo ezifana ezifumaneka kwamanye amazwe kunye nezinye oorhulumente kwiimeko ezinzima ezinjalo. Umzekelo, irikhwizishini - inkqubo apho umlimi wanika ukutya ngamaxabiso ezimisa urhulumente. intsomi zithandwa okuthiwa basungula iiBolsheviks Ukucelwa. Enyanisweni, irikhwizishini yaqaliswa bakarhulumente tsarist kwi leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Kubonakala imisebenzi emininzi of Communism zomkhosi - hayi wayila ezithile zokucinga yobusoshiyali, kunye ndlela kusinda imo uqoqosho kwiimeko ezinzima.
Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo of War Communism kuthetha ngokwayo ngezimanga ukuba ingabalelwa ngokukodwa ezintsha yali. Oku, umzekelo, izithuthi free, ukupheliswa sentlawulo ngeenkonzo zonyango, imfundo free, ukunqongophala yentlawulo ngeenkonzo zikamasipala. Kunzima ukufumana imizekelo, xa urhulumente kwiimeko ezininzi kakhulu kwaye siqhuba ukuguqulwa ezinjalo. Noko ke, mhlawumbi, le misebenzi zingahambelani kuphela ideology abangabaxhasi bakaMarx, kodwa kwaphucula ukuthandwa iiBolsheviks.
Hlala ixesha elide, umgaqo-nkqubo onjalo ayaba nako, akasiwa noko kwakufuneka loxolo. Ekugqibeleni kuza nkqubo ingxaki kweMfazwe kobuKomanisi, eyabonisa yamahlwempu yokuvukela rhoqo. Ngexesha leMfazwe Civil, abalimi ayekholelwa ukuba zonke uswele - into yokwexeshana emva uloyiso wamaKomanisi kuya kuba lula ukuphila. Ukuphela kwemfazwe, abalimi musa kubona oko yinye. Ukuba ekuqaleni kuka-nkqubo of Communism imfazwe ezinxulumene ne-1918, ukuphela Communism imfazwe bakholelwa 1921 xa kusenziwa irikhwizishini kwapheliswa, kwaye endaweni yayo yaqaliswa irhafu in uhlobo.
War Communism - into leyo kwabangelwa yezizathu njongo, yaba ngumlinganiselo owawufuneka irhoxisiwe xa mfuneko wanyamalala. Zokucuthwa nkqubo ezinjalo banikela imvukelo umlimi ezininzi, ngokunjalo iziganeko Kronstadt (qhankqalazo oomatiloshe ngo-1921). Sinako ukucinga ukuba umsebenzi engundoqo Communism zomkhosi kuzaliseke - urhulumente likwazile ukuxhathisa, ukugcina uqoqosho aphumelele War Civil.