Ukwakhiwa kwe-Berlin Wall: kutheni kwenzeke

Ukwakhiwa kwe-Berlin Wall yayifuzisela kuphela kwisahlulo uhlanga isiJamani - isiganeko nyangweni ngokwenza i "umkhusane intsimbi" kwilizwekazi nakwihlabathi lonke. Wall waba umda oluphawulekayo phakathi kweenkqubo ephikisanayo ehlabathini: Izithuba zomkhosi, neengcingo ezihlabayo, iimboniselo kunye nezinye iimpawu ezifanelekileyo Cold War.

Ukwakhiwa kwe Berlin Wall: uphawu division jikelele

Isiseko bokwakha kungekabekwa yokugqibela ibakala kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Into nje ukuba imikhosi encedisayo - eSoviet Union kwelinye icala, kunye United States neBritani - omnye waya eJamani ngelo xesha, ebanike bonke ukholo ngokuyivusa kolwakhiwo Berlin Wall kwixesha elizayo. Germany emva kokusayina uzinikele yathotyelwa kwimeko yokuzahlula ibe ebizwa ngokuba yi-imimandla bomsebenzi, sele yahlulwa phakathi namahlakani France amakishiweyo. Enyanisweni, isixeko Berlin anqamka ube zahlulo zithathu. Ngapha koko, nangona le manyano, eyakhelwe inkcaso ulawulo lwamaNazi (leyo akunakwenzeka ukuba baphile kunye), ubudlelwane inkokheli eSoviet kunye namazwe Western bebengekho bonke kamnandi. Ezi mpikiswano sinalo kwafuneka ukuba idade emva uloyiso lulonke. ukungathembani Mutual nasisihlo ngaxeshanye eJamani kwakhokelela ekubeni eli lizwe zohlulwa zayimimandla ezine, ngamnye boyisileyo ngendlela yabo yokulawula inkqubo recovery post-imfazwe kunye denazification. Kwaye ukungaboni kungekudala ukuza. Sele ngoMatshi 1946, Winston Churchill ngokuphandle ngale meko kwintetho yakhe edumileyo in Fulton. Ukwakhiwa kwe-Berlin Wall njengoko kwaba

iimbono ezahlukileyo namahlakani lwakutshanje yakhiwe njani post-imfazwe eJamani, wazimisela umahluko olukhulu iinkqubo empumalanga nasentshonalanga yeli lizwe. Umzekelo, kummandla yiSoviet yenkqubo denazification kakhulu kuyaphi kakubi, okt ukuchongwa ukususwa e-ofisini (okanye inkundla ukukhutshwa ukuba kuyimfuneko) yazingcolisa ngokwabo abantu ukuthatha inxaxheba zolwaphulo ye lukaHitler. Xa isiqinisekiso abasebenzi West, ezixabisa kakhulu, ngoko ex-mthetho badla ngokuzola ukuqhubeka ukusebenzisana nabasemagunyeni, "repainted 'isikhundla sakhe. Kakade ke, umahluko yaye kwezo meko inkqubo yezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho yokuba wakhelwa Socialist nongxowankulu. Zombini inkqubo bazama ukunyanzela yemimandla yabo ilawulwa unodoli karhulumente. Akumangalisi ukuba kungekudala kakhulu waqola amabango ngokulingana kunye imibuzo samenza ezimbini ezilandelelanayo Berlin ingxaki ka-1948 no-1961. Ngenxa yeengxaki yokuqala kwasekwa uthi ezimbini macala azimeleyo: East kunye eNtshona Jamani. Ngenxa yoko yeSibini ntlekele eBerlin zizonke ndaqonda ulwakhiwo Berlin Wall.

1961 kwaphawula myalelo kuqala Khrushchev abasemagunyeni US, njengoko apho umyalelo kufuneka ngoko nangoko ukurhoxisa imikhosi yayo ukusuka West Berlin. Advice kuye kwenziwa elide, eshiya Noko ke, urhulumente friendly yobusoshiyali. Noko ke, ngokuba ukurhoxiswa imikhosi US kuthetha ukuba lonke eBerlin angaba kule ndawo ye GDR. Uthotho thethwano asiphumelelanga, kwaye nento yokuba amaJamani kakhulu ekusukeni kwinxalenye esempuma umzi ukuya ngasentshona, ukuba iinkokheli eSoviet ukunyusa umbuzo kwentendelezo yokoqobo. Ukwakhiwa kwe-Berlin Wall ngowe-1961 kwaba kwisahlulo lokugqibela eli lizwe, ngokuqinileyo ibotshelelwe ukubuyisela ithemba kwanesiphumo sokugqibela zemfazwe abandayo egameni kabani. Kwaba njalo: udonga lathatha kude kufike ixesha xa eminqubeni yali kakhulu obo phantsi koxinzelelo xi lwangaphandle kunye kuphikisana zangaphakathi. Yokwaphuka Berlin Wall ngoNovemba 1989.