Yintoni ubize amajoni Turkish?

Umkhosi Turkish kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi bahlala enye anamandla kakhulu kwi kwimimandla yase Europe kunye noMbindi Mpuma. Iminyaka engamakhulu asixhenxe, amajoni Turkish woyisa intsimi entsha baze ukwakha iinqaba ngaphaya kwemida yasebuRhulumenteni yabo. Turkish ngemipu Forces kwasekwa kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-700 eyadlulayo, yaye ngexesha ubukho bayo, umkhosi Ottoman unenzondelelo iinguqu ezibalulekileyo. Ngoko ke, lo mbuzo, "yintoni na igama amajoni Turkish" ayikwazi kuqwalaselwa ngaphandle isishwankathelo esifutshane yomkhosi Turkish xa iyonke.

ixesha pre-state

In omkhulu Ottoman yaba ukhokho - Seljuk Sultanate. Le owabumba yayikhona ngenkulungwane ye-13, kuye kubekho ukuzimela isalamane kunye nomkhosi kunokuba womelele. amajoni Turkish ngelo xesha - owayesakuba ikhoboka-iziporho, Ndisinde Byzantium, okanye kumnombo umSkitiya zifakiwe kwaye Sarmatian ayakhe unxweme Sea wasentla Black.

Phakathi ngekhulu Kwadlula Seljuk Khanate izihlandlo eziliqela phantsi kolawulo Mongols. Ekugqibeleni, xa kwasekwa Mehmed 1 umkhosi enye, nto leyo eyaba kwase le Turkish Armed Forces.

Ubume yomkhosi Turkish

Umkhosi Turkish salungelelaniswa kudala nje kwisiqingatha sokuqala ngenkulungwane ye-14. Kungelo xesha kwakukho igama "Asker", nto leyo ithetha - njengegorha, ukulwa, ijoni Turkish. Igama wamomeleza nje kuphela ejikeleza yasekhaya - ngoko yaziwa abalwa omkhosi Turkish kunye nakwamanye amazwe.

Ibutho amaqela amakhulu abantu abathe basetyenziswa ezahlukeneyo imisebenzi ezininzi:

• Elihamba (ADCI okanye nn). Kuye kwasekwa ukusuka kwinani labantu noxanduva abalimi. Loxolo baye benza imisebenzi ngqo, ebudeni bemfazwe wawuqokelela abalimi, baza bakhonza emkhosini, lo gama abafumana umvuzo.
• Mabutho (Mussele) aqeshwa ukusuka iindwalutho Sivikivekile, amafama azizityebi nezikhundla zayo ndinganiqukela bonke abakwazi kuthenga ihashe.
• Mabutho (Akinci) - amahashe ukukhanya Turk uhlobo eyakhethwayo ngenxa yeendonga zokungqinga amahashe okanye imisebenzi sokuhlola.
• Janissaries. Ngokukhethwa amakhoboka, nabangeni Islam, ababezalelwe ngurhulumente. Kamva Janissaries wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi yangaphakathi kweli lizwe.

Kwakhona ezisebenzayo isakhiwo ukwahlulwa imikhosi yahlulwe ngamaqela ezithile elikhulu ngokutsho inkqubo badibane. Kukho umkhosi omkhulu actuated kuzo zonke imisebenzi zomkhosi, icandelo abangabancedani, yenza uluhlu eliqingqiweyo imisebenzi; owamahashe, kwakheka abemi Viva ye umbusi Turkish, kwaye amahashe, eyenziwa abo imbeko.

Kapıkule

Ukulwa esiyintsika yale amabutho Ottoman. amajoni Turkish "Kapıkule" linokuba elihamba, amahashe okanye mahashe. amajoni amaninzi aqeshwa ukusuka isakhiwo esisiseko abantwana abangamaKristu, esamkelwa Islam. Ukongeza iintlobo yemveli imikhosi zamaxesha - elihamba, owamahashe, zokudubula, e Cebeci Kapıkule zibandakanya - ngensimbi kunye gunsmiths, nokulungiswa kunye nokudala izixhobo umkhosi; Sakka, lo msebenzi ephambili ukuzisa amanzi ekupheleni phambili edabini; Sipahi okanye ulufeli - abantu ababethwele imisebenzi yezolawulo.

Seratkuly

Army, ziqulathe iminikelo ephondo zize zingenise kubo efanayo. amabutho seratkuly bahlanganisana kuphela ngexesha lomsebenzi ngqo emkhosini. amajoni gumbini Turkish seratkuly kungaba:

• Azeb - athathwe abalimi ezamahala, njengoko umthetho, baqeqeshwe kakuhle kwaye bayakwazi ukusebenzisa handguns;
• Seimeny - ayikaqondwa abaqeqeshiweyo kakuhle exhobileyo nabalimi belizwe, ngubani viva kuphela ngenxa yesidingo obukhulu;
• isarely - ummeli butho zobunjineli, ukukhonza zokudubula;
• dzhyundzhyuly - ummeli butho umda, kwimijikelo umda;
• Dela - ivolontiya owathi wamkelwa ukungenela umkhosi ngexesha impi esebenzayo.

Toprakly

Ijoni yomkhosi Turkish toprakly - Idla waba iperi ilizwe labo, nto leyo yanikezelwa kuye umvuzo emkhosini. EYurophu, isiqwenga enjalo somhlaba eyaziwa ngokuba iflakisi. Kwimeko imfazwe ebhengeziweyo toprakly wena ukuthenga ihashe, izixhobo, izixhobo bamisa iinkampu kunye nabakhonzi yabo emkhosini.

Njengoko ubona, ezininzi ezahlukeneyo amajoni Turkish kunye neeyunithi kukhokelele amathuba ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukuba baye kubabiza abomkhosi Turkish.