Jikelele Vrangel Pet Nikolaevich. curriculum vitae

Ukufa ehamba emva kwakhe. Kodwa yena waba nesibindi, ngqindilili kunye lucky, ezingenakuphela wayemthanda ilizwe labo baza bakhonza naye ngokunyaniseka. Oku akukho ngozi, wayebambe isihloko "The Last Knight yoBukhosi baseRashiya."

"Black Baron"

Le lesiqhulo lanikwa umntu, esifuna ukumxelela. It Vrangel Pet Nikolaevich. biography emfutshane kuthiwa kweli nqaku.

Xa imvelaphi yena ngokwenene Baron. Wazalelwa Kovno kwiphondo weRashiya, kwisixeko Novoaleksandrovsk (ngoku Kaunas). Family - ukusuka wabanumzana, kumlibo mandulo kakhulu. Yena XIII leminyaka. yi Genrikusa de Wrangell - Knight noMyalelo leTeutonic - imizila yokuzalwa yayo.

A 'abamnyama' Jikelele ebizwa ngokuba ngowe-1918, wayesoloko wayenxiba umbala Cossack ofanayo Circassian. Kwaye uqhoqhonywe namabhanti iCartridge. Ezi iisilinda ezincinane ezenziwe ngethambo okanye isilivere, apho babekwa izityholo kwazo. amabhanti iCartridge edla eziqhotyoshelwe esesifubeni.

Petro lo ungumzekeliso ozise ethandwa kakhulu. Mayakovsky, umzekelo, wabhala: "A nyathelo elibukhali kwi Circassian black".

A kumnombo zomkhosi ezizukileyo

Yena - engineer ngoqeqesho. Waphumelela Institute Mining. Uyise - Vrangel uNikolay Egorovich - Umhlaziyi wobuciko kunye nayo ngumbhali. Kananjalo ungumqokeleli omkhulu kwakudala.

Mhlawumbi yiloo nto unyana ka lijoni yobungcali, yaye akazange acinge ukuba. Kodwa izakhi kubonakala ukuba zabo. Kodwa ke ngongoma kukuba jikelele P. N. Vrangel - eli sebe ngqo Omdala Herman. Mna ku eSweden (XVII c.), Ifildi-yalelani. A umzukulwana wayo igama George Gustav waba colonel kufutshane Charles XII. Unyana, ogama Georg Hans, le yokugqibela waba enkulu kuphela umkhosi Russian. Akukho namnye omkhulu noobawo nomalume kunye nabatshana baba emkhosini waza walwa kule mpi, nto leyo ngokufuthi kwakhokelela Russia. yohlanga lwabo usinike Europe bamashali ezisixhenxe endle, abaphathi kangangoko, ibe neenjengele ngaphezu mathathu.

Ngoko ke, uPetros oselula wayesazi konke oku, wayesazi ukuba athathe nezinyanya umzekelo. Igosa Russian enye, ogama lakhe sibhalwe hayi kwindawo ethile, kwaye phezu eludongeni itempile idumileyo eMoscow. Waye kuluhlu phakathi kwabo ubunzima kwimfazwe ka-1812 Enye umzala okhaliphileyo wayithimba Shamil - inkokeli ingaqondakaliyo mountaineers. Adumileyo kunye kuFerdinand Wrangel, umhloli Arctic gosa. Imbeko yakhe waza wasithiya eso siqithi. Ke Pushkin - usisizalwane "Black Baron" umkhulu wakhe ithawula - YamaSilamsi uPetros Omkhulu.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, isihloko ubuninzi ezinikele ezifana manani ezisaseleyo Vrangel Pet Nikolaevich, kuthwa kunzima kakhulu. Kukho ezininzi izibakala ngcono lidlulisela umfanekiso yale ndoda kakhulu. Thatha enye kuphela Isaci yale uhlobo - "ukufa, kodwa musa ukunikezela!". Kodwa isincoko yakhe hero yethu walandela ubomi bakhe bonke.

Kwemfazwe Japan

Ngoko ke, i ezintsha kukucwangcisa Vrangel Pet Nikolaevich akazange abone kwixesha elizayo akukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwabo kunye nomkhosi. Liyinyaniso elokuba, wafunda ngonyaka Horse webutho. Kodwa lesigodlo omtsha zibhalwe ... in stock. Wemka waya emsebenzini - e Irkutsk. Yaye akukho amagosa zomkhosi emkhosini.

Onke amakhadi zixubene Burst imfazwe. Waye ngokuzithandela for Wrangell. Phambi okokuqala wabonakalisa iimpawu zakhe wendalo emkhosini. Oku ubizo lwakhe lokwenyaniso.

Memoirs Petra Nikolaevicha Vrangelya. Wabhala ngayo yonke into ngokweenkcukacha.

Ekupheleni kuka-1904 yena unyuselwe mikhosi. It yanikwa iimbasa ezimbini: St. Anne St Stanislaus. Baba i "umzekelo 'yokuqala kuvimba wakhe omkhulu amabhaso.

Xa imfazwe yafikelela esiphelweni, injineli akakwazi ukucinga ngokwabo ngaphandle umkhosi. Nkqu Imperial Academy of Staff Jikelele babesele izifundo ngo-1910.

A butho abakhwele

First World Vrangel Pet Nikolaevich wadibana elikwisikhundla nenduna. Wayalela icandelo webutho, umkhosi.

Sele waba umfazi kunye nabantwana 3. Andinako ukuya ngaphambili. Kodwa ngeke bakwazi. Neengxelo ezivela ngaphambili, abasemagunyeni kwakhona wabhala yozisusa omhle Captain Wrangel.

Nje ezintathu iiveki yaye Kwaba ukususela ekuqaleni kubulawa, nokuba posse bakhe, ukuba bahlabele. Owenkawu ukuhlasela mahashe. Ibhetri utshaba kuthinjwa. Yaye loo feat Wrangell (phakathi kwabantu bokuqala) lwaphawulwa. Lowo wamkela Order of St George. Kungekudala "ivuthwe ngokwaneleyo 'ukuba sikhulu. Ngowe-1917, ngoJanuwari, yena - uMajor General. It yaziswa njenge umkhosi ethembisa kakhulu. Xa iimpawu wabhala ukuba Wrangel "isibindi". Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, uqonde ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi - ngokugqithileyo. Kwakunye wasisebenzisa kakhulu.

Ehlotyeni le nyaka - inyathelo elilandelayo. Vrangel Pet Nikolaevich ngoku umphathi yequmrhu elikhulu abakhwele. Kodwa ke October Revolution kwakhona wavele awuyitshintshanga le ndlela yobomi bakhe.

Qokelela ngenqindi

ilifa baron kunye ezinkulu jikelele sakhe enaningamkelanga zona, ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo. Lo mkhosi wahamba. Wafudukela Yalta, wayehlala nentsapho yakhe dacha yakhe. Apha ke wabanjwa, iiBolsheviks yasekuhlaleni. Kodwa yintoni zinokubiza kuye? imvelaphi Noble? Merit Military? kungekudala wakhululwa Kwaye, kodwa uyazifihla kude kube umkhosi waseJamani alikangeni eCrimea.

Waya eKiev. Wayecebe ukuba ufake inkonzo Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky. Noko ke, kungekudala kakhulu waphoxeka. Government of Ukraine (new) ungenamandla. Kuye kwabanjwa kuphela bayonets waseJamani.

Wrangel wathumela emzini Ekaterinodar. Njengokuba umphathi (1 Onyuswe Division) siqala umkhosi ntliziyo. Ngaloo nto yaqala kwi White Army of Baron nkonzo abatsha.

Ngoku Iingcali zithi impumelelo yayo - oku ubukhulu becala emagqabini oyi Wrangel, umkhosi wakhe. Ngapha koko, usoloko amacebo wayo. Ngokomzekelo, yena eyayingafuni ukuba alwe amadabi kuwo onke amanqanaba. Wakhetha ukuqokelela amahashe "Inqindi" ulilahle impumelelo yayo nayiphi na indawo enye. Soloko velisa kukutyundyutha ngamandla ukuba utshaba wabaleka nje. Ezi ukusebenza brilliant, leyo iphuhlise kwaye baphumeza "Black Baron", waza waqinisekisa uloyiso umkhosi njengoko Kuban kunye North neAsia.

Nasekuthandweni Denikin

kwamabutho City Wrangel Tsaritsyn wathabatha ngoJuni 1919. Kwaye apha kuyimfuneko, njengoko yenzeka! Emva luck enjalo Baron wawela lihlazo. Anton Denikin, injengele Lamatsha Army, waba nomsindo kuye. Kutheni? Into yokuba bobabini - amakhulu empi - baneembono malunga kwi amanyathelo anokuthathwa. Denikin ejolise ukuya eMoscow, Wrangell ofanayo - connect with Kolchak (empuma).

Biography of Vrangelya Petra Nikolaevicha ibonisa ukuba ekunene nekhulu ekhulwini. Ngokuba hambo phezu kweengqukuva abhalelwe. Kodwa ukuchaneka welinye iqela ngakumbi yakwata Denikin. Kwaye ke Banduluka leMicimbi Jikelele.

Wrangel wayeka (Februwari 1920). Ndaya eConstantinople.

ithemba elitsha

Kaloku, yaphelela umsebenzi okuqaqambileyo? Hayi, ezulwini iyalele ngenye indlela. Emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa washiya Denikin. Yena barhoxa. E Sevastopol, ebizwa ibhunga yemfazwe. umphathi owonyulwe intloko Wrangel.

Kodwa oko wayenethemba? Ngapha koko, le "white" - kwaye kucacile kakhulu - kwaba buhlungu nje. wonke umkhosi ebaleka. Zalisa ekuchithweni sele ekuseni ikhoyo.

Noko ke, ayizange uthabathe umkhosi, Wrangel wenza ummangaliso engakholelekiyo. Wayeka umkhosi ekhubekisayo mlilo "red". White Guards ahlala ngokuqinileyo eCrimea.

INkosi usuku

Ngexesha lezi iinyanga ezintandathu endiyenzileyo kakhulu knight yokugqibela Russian. Ngenxa isiphoso, waya yabanye Amazing kakhulu. Ndandifuna ukwenza abaxhasi bakhe abantu abavela kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi. Abeyicingele icebo yokuvuselelwa kwemihlaba, eziquka ukunika umhlaba abalimi. Lithathe amanyathelo uyilo lwezentlalo noqoqosho. Babefanele 'ukuwina "Russia, kodwa ayizizo, yaye impumelelo yabo.

Nkqu Baron wagabadela isakhiwo yase lizwe, wacela ukuba baqaphele ukuzimela - kunye mountaineers, kunye Ukraine.

Kodwa ngexesha wavuka ngamandla, lo intshukumo White Guard kulahlekileyo - zombini ngokwemiqathango ngamazwe (West wala ukubanceda), yaye ngaphakathi elizweni. KwiBolsheviks elawulwa uninzi Russia ngezibonelelo okuninzi.

Wrangel entwasahlobo ka 1920 kwafuneka ukuba ukukhulisa amajoni kwakhona ukubuyiselana kokuhlaselwa "red". Oku waphumelela ehlotyeni. "White" bangena kummandla Northern Tavria. Kwakufuneka Stock up on izinto ezityiwayo. Kodwa ke luck kusaba.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, ephosiweyo ixesha. E Soviet Russia, abantu aziva ngayo utshintsho olucetywayo Wrangel. Kubo, oko - usoloko kuphela i "Black Baron", leyo ijonge ukubuyisela i "itrone yobukumkani".

Ewe, Jikelele, waza wenza akukho imfihlelo uvelwano kwakhe. Ukuba bhetyebhetye nezepolitiki, smart, yena kwinkqubo yakhe oku lwalungagxininiswa. Yaye ngokuqinisekileyo ndiya musa kwelokuthi, ngelishwa, oko akunamsebenzi.

izwe

Zonke ubomi Vrangelya Petra Nikolaevicha kwinqaku elinye akunakwenzeka ukuba angaxeli. Kuphela elinye ixesha lokuhlala lwakhe, unako ukunikezela umthamo.

NgoNovemba 1920, i-Red Army wasityhobozela ukuya eCrimea. Kwaye kule meko, kwakhona Jikelele Wrangel wazibonakalisa ngokugqibeleleyo. Wakwazi ukuba alungiselele ngobungxamo i-White Army zamajoni kwenye saa, chaos wayengekho. YOBOMI bonke abathandayo. Wrangell ke uqobo kweliso xa ngumtshabalalisi sasikhwele namachweba.

Yaba lula feat. Yena - on imikhosi omnye Wrangel kuphela. Emva kokuba jikelele nayo ukusuka eCrimea (ngoNovemba 1920), njengoko abaninzi njengoko 132 iinqanawa zithwele ngokupheleleyo! Bawelela Iimbacu - 145 amawaka 693 abantu, ngokunjalo abasebenza kwesi sikhephe.

Ekhohlo kunye nomququzeleli. Apho, kude nekhaya, waseka Russian Military Union (1924), wayeza ngalo naliphi na ixesha ukungena umzabalazo wezigalo owawusilwa Bolshevism. Yaye unako ukukwenza oko. Ngumqolo we onke amagosa bangaphambili. Leyo yeyona ezininzi kwaye zinamandla beloemigrantov mbutho. Ababhalisileyo wema phezu amalungu ezilikhulu lamawaka.

KwiBolsheviks ngayo kubo ngokuqaphela okukhulu. Ngoko ke akukho ngozi Iinkokeli ezininzi nokuba inokuqweqwediswa, okanye wabulala inkonzo Soviet mfihlakalo.

Ekwindla 1927, lo baron, ngubani amaphupho ukuziphindezela, kwafuneka ukuba ukukhumbula ukuba ezandleni kusapho olukhulu. Ukuze ukudla. Ukusuka eConstantinople kunye nentsapho yakhe bafudukela Brussels. Njengoko wenjineli wafumana umsebenzi kwinkampani.

Empini

Yonke imihla umkhosi kubomi bemihla ngemihla, nto yeza ukuba eninzi ekulweni ngokubanzi, waba nesibindi kakhulu. ibali Alone okwenzekileyo kwi-World Okokuqala, nto leyo ixabisa. Injengele a butho abakhwele yaba, njengesiqhelo, ngqindilili okhawulezayo. Xa indawo enye umthetheli yangoku yommandla eKaliningrad, Wrangell, ukufumana imvume ukuhlasela ibhetri utshaba, ukuhlasela wenziwe ngokukhawuleza. Yaye bababamba guns ezimbini. Ke kaloku omnye wabo ikwazile ukuthatha shot lokugqibela. Wabulala ihashe apho wahlala umphathi ...

Ngoxa eConstantinople, Vrangel Pet Nikolaevich waphila yacht. Ngenye imini ngayo ingene. Yaba inqanawa Italian, kodwa baphuma Batumi wethu. Yahtochka kunqandwe amehlo. Akukho lentsapho Wrangel ababekhwele wayengekho apho. A abasebenzi abathathu babulawa. iimeko Strange yesehlo waphakamisa izikrokro yokungqubana ngabom kunye kwezikhephe. Baqinisekisa namhlanje abaphandi Soviet umsebenzi wenkonzo mfihlakalo. Oku kwakuquka Olga Golubovska, abasuka kwamanye amazwe kunye njengomgunyaziswa abasemagunyeni eSoviet.

Kwaye enye Enyanisweni. kwiinyanga nje ezintandathu emva kokufika e Brussels, uPetros N. singalindelanga wafa (ukususela ekusulelekeni tuberculosis). Noko ke, le ntsapho wacebisa ukuba umzalwana wakhe yatyhefa umkhonzi lowo ziqhotyoshelwe apha kule Baron. Yena, naye, ndaye arhente NKVD. Le nguqulelo ngoku kuqinisekiswa yi neminye imithombo.

impilo ezinzima! nxi umdla. Kukho incwadi, intshayelelo lowo ebhalwe ngumbhali UNikolai Starikov - ". Memoirs of Petra Nikolaevicha Vrangelya" Kubalulekile ukufunda. Oku kukhokelela reflection enzonzobila.