Le mbasa "Kuba woKhuselo of Kiev" - ibhaso emva kweminyaka 20

inzululwazi zembali Stalin kaThixo wanyamezela ngenyameko ukuhlola lokuqala imfazwe ka 1941-45. Kuphela emva kokuba 'uyise abantu' ukufa waqalisa ukukhankanya ilahleko enkulu ekungenwe xa Red Army. Le mbasa "Kuba woKhuselo of Kiev", samiselwa inyathelo senkokeli entsha zelizwe - N. S. Hruscheva, waba uphawu lwe memory ezindleko eyoyikekayo kwehlobo yokuqala yemfazwe.

Eqalile Ukuqhambuka yemfazwe

capture ngokukhawuleza Ukraine Hitler ingqalelo eyona nto ebalulekileyo enobuqhinga. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba bazisunduze eSoviet Union of izinto ekrwada kunye nokutya izibonelelo ezinkulu, kwaye ukhulule imikhosi ukuxhasa amajoni kwi main - Moscow - ulwalathiso.

capital Ukrainian phantsi moya kuhlaselwa kwiiyure yokuqala yemfazwe, kwaye ngexesha elifutshane, iqela enamandla wemikhosi isiJamani "South" waya Dnieper. Abachaseneyo ukuba iiyunithi Soviet emkhosini, adityaniswa South-Western Front, owawukhokelwa Jikelele ubuchule leyo bathi ngayo le mini - MP Kirponos, kunye nolawulo lulonke iingalo zasezantsi bamthwala Marshal Budyonny.

Regulations on the imbasa

Ixesha libekiwe ukuba engama-20 kokuqhambuka kwemfazwe imbasa "Kuba woKhuselo of Kiev" lasekwa kaJuni 21, 1961. Ziye zaphawula iimeko ezizodwa yezopolitiko. Nikita Khrushchev waba yinkokeli entsha iqela kunye lizwe, kuba ixesha elide laba yintloko Central Committee CPSU (b) of Ukraine, nkqu ngexesha lemfazwe yaphakamisa umvuzo ngenxa nxaxheba lwela eKiev. Stalin wathetha ngamandla nxamnye, besithi xa kuyimfuneko ukuseka amabhaso ngokwahlukeneyo republic ngasinye Union. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo - Stalin akazange acinge izenzo amajoni Soviet yaye umyalelo wayo lamaphepha yobuqhawe imbali.

Ngokutsho kwimimiselo, bonke wawongwa ngembasa "Kuba woKhuselo of Kiev" ukususela kuJulayi ukuya kuSeptemba 1941 waye e Kiev kunye kwindawo engqongileyo njengenxalenye imikhosi rhoqo athathwe yesizwe, bathatha inxaxheba ekwakheni iinqaba, wasebenza kumashishini zomkhosi phakathi komzi, baba ngamalungu anti-lwamaNazi phantsi komhlaba okanye yabanqolobi intshukumo.

Xa isikhundla, ubukho bezinye amabhaso karhulumente mbasa "Kuba woKhuselo of Kiev" kubekwe emva "Stalingrad", "man" kuba wathi: "Kuba woKhuselo zaseCaucasus".

Ukuze thatha Moscow, kufuneka sithathe i Kiev

OKW, ngokuthobela umyalelo kaHitler, wagqiba ukuba inkoliso mbali zomkhosi avume impazamo ngokwemiqathango yesicwangciso nokufunyanwa kwikomkhulu eSoviet. Kwiinzame lushiye ngokukhawuleza imimandla Ukrainian abazizityebi neoli abaseAfrika, iqela wasezantsi ndomelezeka imikhosi itanki 2 enamandla ebisebenza ngaphambili kunye neqela wemikhosi "Centre" kummandla eMoscow. Hitler wenza oku emva kokuba behluleke ukuba zifake capital Ukrainian nangoko, ekuthinteleni counter-iintshukumo Red Ibutho imigca kwindawo enqatyisiweyo Kiev.

Ukomeleza eSoviet zantsi Front ngeendleko nxalenye ukuya amaJamani ethintela indlela eya eMoscow, izinga akuzange, ngokuba Stalin wayeqinisekile ukuba amaJamani wahlala indawo enkulu ombhaxa. Igunya kunye Dynamics iiyunithi kwitanki entsha, workarounds zabo nabuya kwakhokelela encirclement nentshabalalo kufuphi eKiev iqela elikhulu Red Army ukhokelwa ubunkokheli Front. Nditsho nani esemthethweni ilahleko kuba kubi - ngaphezu kwe-700 amawaka abantu.

Inkcazelo ingqekembe

Le fom ukuba unalo imbasa "Kuba woKhuselo of Kiev" yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba la mabhaso: ubhedu disk enobubanzi-32 mm. ibloko ndibheja pentagonal, Bathiwe wambu ngentsontelo yemisonto omnquma of moire, ngemivumbo ezimbini: obomvu (4 mm) kunye oluhlaza (2 mm).

Icala reverse iyafana iimbasa ezininzi II - kunye nombhalo: "Kuba kwizwekazi looMawokhulu bethu eSoviet" Kodwa phakathi faleristov abaqokeleli uhamba lwepaki: imbasa "Kuba woKhuselo of Kiev", wenza ngoncedo kusetyenziswa ngempazamo Mint nghohe kwezinye emkhosini amabhaso. On wayo reverse Vienna iposelwe umhla - "13 Aprili 1945". Ezi iimbasa ke abasinikwa.

Le obverse senziwa wegcisa umzobo V. N. Atlantova kwaye oyintsobi lohlangulo luqalile axhobe afohlela kunye nabasebenzi, Noomateloshe namajoni kwisiqalo kwesakhiwo leBhunga Supreme kunye amajukujuku eyahlukileyo neflegi phezu kwayo. On top - wamvusa letters: "Kuba woKhuselo of Kiev", embindini emazantsi - inkwenkwezi-etsolo ezintlanu kwisiqalo weflegi, kwaye ngapha nangapha kuyo - yesebe ngowakhe. Avers into erhangqwe undi khaxa.

Iziphumo ze Kiev yokhuselo

Ulwa ngehlobo lika 1941 izifundo nzima, nto leyo eyaqala nge umyalelo yiSoviet IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. Kiev ukuziphendulela yathatha iintsuku 70 yaye yaphela ngoSeptemba 26, xa umlo yaphela endhawini kwikomkhulu Ukrainian, sele kushiywe lixesha amajoni Soviet.

Ekubulaleni South-Western Front, i-Red Army eneziphumo qhinga USSR elinzima: amaJamani wavula indlela eya kumzantsi Ukraine yaye kungekudala wayithimba Donbass kunye eCrimea, apho wayemise khona ivalekile Sevastopol - isiseko ephambili Black Sea Fleet. Imimandla inkulu kwezoqoqosho - imithombo ukutya kunye namalahle - baye balahleka, kusongela ioli evelisa imimandla engundoqo ye-USSR.

Kodwa feat yokukhusela Kiev uye ezibalulekileyo ezimbalini ukuze aphumeze eqhelekileyo phezu Fascism: ukuphanjukiswa imikhosi ezinkulu vehicles le Wehrmacht le-Central Army Group kwayiphelisa uxinzelelo phezu kweengqukuva eSoviet aze anikwe ithuba ukulungiselela obungcono ukuziphendulela eMoscow.

170,000 imbasa

inzululwazi Soviet zembali yaba iimvavanyo yenza ezithile ngokusekelwe uluvo lolawulo kunye ideologues iqhosha iqela. Oku ikakhulu kakhulu kwimpumelelo esemthe- kakhulu entsonkothileyo yaye ingacaci kunye ukoyiswa kweMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, ezibandakanya ukukhusela Kiev. War World Okwesibini, iziganeko zalo eziphambili ingalandwa emva kwegama leziko yamabhaso abathathi-nxaxheba bayo - iimbasa ngenxa zokhuselo bamba izixeko nemimandla. imbasa Military "Kuba woKhuselo of Kiev" wasekwa kuphela ngemva kwempi. Kodwa oku akubi ngaphantsi kwe ebekekileyo kunye dear ebantwini 170.540 abo zanikwa ukuba bexesha zabo kunye nenzala.