Ukubekwa yabantu Russian. isakhiwo Territorial yabantu Russian zezifundo umfelandawonye

Abemi planethi belusoloko luphawulwa ukufuduka. Abantu bafuna iimeko ezimnandi kakhulu ubomi kunye ekufudukeleni kwilizwe liphela. Kuba kulawulo, ucwangciso, imisebenzi yezentlalo nezoqoqosho kufuneka bafunde ukufakwa labantu Russian. Chaza indlela labemi isasazwa kulo lonke ilizwe, yintoni na iimfuno zembali imeko yangoku yesakhiwo lwengingqi labantu kwilizwe lethu.

Geography of Russia

Le ndawo inkulu ngurhulumente emhlabeni - Russian Federation. It ise-Europe kunye Asia kwaye ithatha ngaphezu kwezigidi 17 iinyawo square. km. umda Russian kwesifo yi iilwandle ezintathu. Le uburhulumente erhangqwe ngamazwe 18 zehlabathi. Ngomhla kummandla Russia kukho iintaba neentlambo, apho kukho malunga nezigidi ezingama-2.5. Rivers. Imilinganiselo karhulumente enkulu, ngoko kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo iimeko zokuphila kakhulu ezahlukeneyo. Ekubeni lizwe kumntla ikhweyitha, xa uninzi kwizifundo zawo esilawulwa kwemozulu lizwekazi kunye lulongamo lokukhethwa ezibandayo. Ubukhulu becala eRashiya imi kummandla kwezolimo yingozi. Eli lizwe thaca iindawo 9 zendalo: umkhenkce iintlango Arctic, kumathafa abandayo ngonaphakade, ehlathini kumathafa, hlathi ivaleke, ihlathi-emathafeni, emathafeni ayikho bekhululekile, hot owandulela entlango nenkqantosi, efudumeleyo ifumile. Le migomo nemibandela enxulumene nokubekwa labemi eRashiya, oko owahlukeneyo kakhulu.

Icandelo lolawulo-sendawo Russia

Indawo, iRussia uwahlule ube zahlulo zithathu eziphambili: Europe, eSiberia nakwiMpuma Ekude. NgokoMgaqo-siseko we-Russian Federation na, okt Luhlanganisa izifundo ngokulinganayo. Eli lizwe iquka iiyunithi indawo ezifana yemeko ezahlukeneyo, ezi ziquka: mimandla lokuzimela nasemazweni, nemimandla, imimandla kunye nemizi ukubaluleka federal. Xa iyonke, i-Russian Federation lubandakanya izifundo ezahlukileyo 85. I inkulu ezi ndawo Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (le yeyona kwiyuniti yolawulo inkulu ehlabathini, kunye kummandla metres ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3 Km..) Yaye ke Krasnoyarsk Territory, indawo leyo - million 2.3 square metres. km.

Ezinye mega-izixeko ezifana eMoscow, eSt Petersburg, Rostov-on-Don, Vladivostok nabanye, kwakhokelela nje kuphela abantu bakhe, kodwa zombini izithili yase. Lilonke Inani leeyunithi ezilolo sabelwe units 8 kweli lizwe. Kwakhona, megacities ezininzi, ezifana saseChelyabinsk, Krasnoyarsk, naseNovosibirsk, Kazan, kufuneka indawo enkulu lwenqila kwaye ikamva babe ngamalungu ngamanye Federation. Ezigxile-zolawulo isakhiwo karhulumente ezinokususwa, yaye umana utshintsha.

nengxinano yabemi

Kuba ulawulo olululo kummandla kuyimfuneko ukuqonda indlela abantu abahlala kuyo, ibe yintoni ke iintsingiselo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ingqikelelo nengxinano yabemi yaziswa nezibalo. Ibonisa bangaphi abantu abahlala ngekhilomitha enye square. Ukuba uphakamile lo kukoriwe, nzima kukunika abantu kunye nezibonelelo eziyimfuneko nokubanika kunye neemeko zokuphila ukhululekile. Ukuxinana eliphezulu labemi eRashiya ubalelwa megacities - Moscow, naseNovosibirsk, eSt Petersburg, Rostov-on-Don, Krasnodar. Ngenxa yedini lexinene, abaphengululi kwenza iimephu kunye neendlela nokwabiwa labantu kwilizwe liphela. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuqikelela inani labantu kule ngingqi ukucwangcisela imisebenzi yezoqoqosho kunye noshishino.

distribution Abemi: okuhambisa zembali

izinto ezininzi nefuthe ukubekwa kubemi Russian. Okokuqala zonke imozulu. Ngokwembali, abantu bakhetha ukuhlala kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo a lot of ukudla. Ngoko ke, abemi eRashiya ibisoloko buzinze iindawo obutofotofo ngakumbi kweli lizwe. scheme zokuhlala umlando esime enkulu. isabelo walo kunabela ngaphaya komda wentshona lizwe, ukususela Rostov ukuya St Petersburg. Inxalenye esemntla nesinqumka kanga St. Petersburg, Vologda, Perm, Yekaterinburg, Krasnoyarsk. Umda wasemzantsi udlula Rostov, Saratov, Samara, saseChelyabinsk, Krasnoyarsk. Okulandelayo, nesinqumka iba ngumcu emxinwa ecaleni kaloliwe Vladivostok. Nangona ukuphuhliswa yokuthuthwa kunye noqoqosho, le ukusasazwa yabantu yahluka encinane kwexesha. Ngoxa inxalenye esempuma nesinqumka yandiswa kakhulu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Unokubona ukuba ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 xa inxalenye yaseYurophu kubemi yelizwe 94% oluntu, namhlanje inani yi-20%. Xa ujonga kwimephu imozulu lizwe, ukudibanisa kunye lexinene labemi, siyakwazi ukubona ukuba 72% abantu abahlala kwiindawo apho umyinge amaqondo obushushu ebusika akuthethi ukuwisa ngezantsi degrees 16 Celsius.

iimpawu Modern zokusabalalisa Russian labantu

Abahlali naliphi lizwe ezifudukayo rhoqo, le nkqubo ayikwazi lizakumiswa kwaye kungenxa imiba eyahlukeneyo. Ngenkulungwane yama-20, ukusasazwa ingakumbi Russian labantu utshintsho (umzobo iqhotyoshelwe). Uphuhliso Technology, ezothutho kunye nezibonelelo kunegalelo yokuba ledlelo ezisemantla nasempuma kunokuba ngenkuthalo iingcambu. Ingakumbi anda kakhulu kwinkulungwane yama-20 inani labantu kummandla Far East kunye entla inxalenye yaseYurophu. Noko ke, ekupheleni XX - ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane xxi ziye kwakhona Wasazisa depopulation ezi mimandla. Ngeli xesha, anda kakhulu ezidolophini eli lizwe. Ukuxinana avareji yabemi Russia ngabantu 8.3 sq nganye. km, nto leyo amaxesha ngaphezulu kwe-5 ngaphantsi kwe-avareji ngenxa iplanethi.

Urban kunye nabahlali basemaphandleni

kubaluleke kakhulu xa ebeka abantu kweli lizwe yinto kwezoqoqosho. Abantu badla ukuya apho kukho amathuba amaninzi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ngaphezulu isixeko ngaphezu elalini. Ezidolophini Russia ufumana phantse usongo. Ukuba ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 bahlala kwiindawo ezisezidolophini-15% abemi beli lizwe, kodwa namhlanje inani ngokuzithemba osondela oyintsobi yalowo 74%. Uninzi bonke abantu abeza kwizixeko ezinkulu, apho ikhula ngokukhawuleza ngenxa nencindi omkhulu yabemi kwiilali.

Imimandla kakhulu ezinabantu

Ukuxinana omkhulu labemi, Kakade ke, uyabonakala kwizixeko ezinkulu - Moscow, eSt Petersburg, naseNovosibirsk, Krasnodar. ERashiya kukho ukungalingani ngamandla kakhulu kwenani labahlali phakathi iindawo yaseYurophu Asia. Kwimephu ungabona ukuba Central, eseMazantsi iVolga kwizithili federal axineneyo, lo gama i-aseSiberia kunye Far Eastern kumiwa manqaphanqapha.

Imimandla okungenani abantu

Ukubeka yabemi Russia edityaniswe kunye neemeko zemozulu kunye nezoqoqosho. Imimandla kakhulu akumnandi kwaye bantu ubuncinane eli lizwe ke Chukotka Ukuzilawula District (abantu 0,07. Per macala onke. Km), District Ukuzilawula Nenets (abantu 0.25. Per macala onke. Km) kunye Yakutia (abantu 0,31. Per macala onke. Km).