Uhlalutyo anzulu kombongo Pushkin kaThixo "Monument"

Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin usesikhundleni unelungelo indawo ku lawula iincwadi Russian, leyo bazizityebi ezahlukeneyo imibongo obalaseleyo. Ubuqaqawuli le mbongi enkulu Russian wayitwabulula ngaphaya lweenkobe Russia wakhe yaye wasinda umniniyo kangangeenkulungwane. Pushkin akazange yingqondi kuphela kwisihobe, kodwa waba ingqondo elibukhali zohlalutyo kunye nomkhosi omkhulu intuition, eqhelekileyo zonke iintlobo zobuchule. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba nje ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe kuloo manxeba emva ezimbini zokucwangcisa, edume kunye dantes, ngokungathi silindele iziganeko ezimangalisayo, imbongi wabhala umbongo wakhe odumileyo "Monument". Umhla ngqo ukubhala umbongo eliphawulwe yimbongi ngokwakhe ngqangi yakhe 1836, Agasti, 21 ngosuku th.

1836 Unyaka kwakunzima gqitha ukuba imbongi. Abahlalutyi zonke imivumbo ngokungathi isigqibo ngabom amnike baiting. UMlawuli ayengavunyelwa ukuzakhela ukushicilela emininzi imisebenzi yakhe, kwaye iingxaki banaphakade kunye nemali ngesiquphe mandundu ngandlel 'ithile. Lo mbongo "Monument" yaba hlobo lwempendulo Imbongi kuzo zonke iimeko ezinzima. Uhlalutyo umbongo "Monument" Pushkin kaThixo kunika uluvo lokuba kakhulu indlela eyaziswa Alexander "ngelamadoda Kwinkokheli ZakwaLizwi 'bakhe, yaye amathemba eziqhotyoshelwe kuyo. Kulo mbongo Pushkin ngokungathi watyeda intetho zonke abagxeki bakhe - langoku, elizayo, ebaxelela ukuba uyayazi ukubaluleka enkulu umsebenzi wakhe iRashiya.

Uhlalutyo kumbongo Pushkin kubonisa indlela imbongi nentembelo kumandla italente yakhe, ephethe kuye ukungafi nozuko kwiinkulungwane xa 'umphefumlo ngohadi engcwele "eziboniswe' uthuli uya kusinda" yaye "Abasindileyo kubola." Kumgca ngamnye wombongo siva intembelo lwaza baqine, kubonakala hayi nje kuphela kweli lungelelanisa, kodwa kwi imixube kwinqanaba yezandi izandi "t" yaye "p" ukuba lo msebenzi befumile kwemfuneko.

Umhlaba wokuhlahlelwa umbongo "Monument" Pushkin icebisa ukuba uhlobo wayo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba sendiselane ubuninzi kunye ode njengoko Luthwala iinto zonke azihluphe kunye elimisiweyo olu hlobo loncwadi. Le komthendeleko yimpumelelo ngenxa ubukhulu becala ngenxa yenyaniso yokuba imbongi babebhale lo mbongo shestistopnym pentameter. Imveliso umbhalo wasebenzisa Ukuba kwisininzi izichazi ezichazayo ezifana "lesikhumbuzo ngaphandle izandla", "intloko engalawulekiyo", "a Uhadi engcwele," "kwihlabathi sublunary", "umzukulwane abanekratshi Slavic" njl Ukongeza, uhlalutyo kombongo Pushkin ithi kuthi umfanekiso ngokupheleleyo amava akhe, ithemba imfihlelo ukungafi kunye nozuko olungunaphakade. Imbongi ezifana uprofetha okanye kusho ubizo bebulela bobukhulu bakhe Kubala in kwisitanza ngasinye. Uhlalutyo kumbongo Pushkin likaThixo kubonisa indlela okufana umoya wakhe ovukelayo ukubhala ileta ezinkulu igama elithi 'inkululeko' phakathi yesivakalisi. Ukwahlula ukuze imbongi ibonisa ukubaluleka kwale ngcamango, spiritualizes, kwakhona nokulingana yayo amagama. Eneneni, ebudeni bobomi bakhe elifutshane, hayi nje idlwengulweyo, ukugxekwa esikhohlakeleyo ulawulo monarchist kunye mbongi zixabisa kakhulu inkululeko "inceba ngenxa yokuba iingangamsha zibhuqiwe ngokuba" - uhlalutyo kumbongo Pushkin kubonisa ngokucacileyo umgangatho wakhe. Imbongi omkhulu, nto ezixatyisiweyo ebomini, hayi kuvuzwa zonke iimbasa kwakufanele yaye, ngenxa yoku, wabhala ode kuye, esuke ukungafi kunye nozuko olungunaphakade kwiinkulungwane.

Ngenxa yoko, ngokwenza uhlalutyo ngokupheleleyo kumbongo Pushkin kaThixo "Ilitye eliSisikhumbuzo", sinako ukubona ubukhulu misebenzi yakhe, yaye kwakhona ubone zizityebi njani ngolwimi lwaso, nendlela ngobuqili imbongi isebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ukuchaza iingcamango zabo ifomu lyrical.