Kwempahla Parallel: nobubi

Amaxesha amaninzi imveliso yoqobo kunye nokufumaneka yophawulo zomthetho uphawu ingeniswe kummandla zokusasaza esemthethweni karhulumente, ezisekelwe phezu kweloo nesivumelwano se layisenisi. Ezi mveliso amazwe kunye nokusetyenziswa lamajelo sesikweni zokusasaza okanye hayi copyright. Oku le meko kwezoqoqosho ubizwa ngokuba "ukungeniswa enxuseneyo" (or "ongenisa ezingwevu").

Ngokwembono amalungelo ingqalelo le meko kufuneka zisekelwe kwenkcazo ekupheleni ukudinwa le amalungelo awodwa ukuya kophawu. umthetho Domestic wowe mzuzu apho umnini lungelo ophela ilungelo kolawulo iimpahla, nto leyo iba yesazisi ehambisana (uphawu). Kungenxa kule nkalo kwemveliso ukufana chonga Umgaqo ezimbini eziyintloko ukudinwa amalungelo: zamazwe ngamazwe nezesizwe. Kule ndlela yokuqala, amalungelo awodwa ezo buphelile ekuqalisweni kwe-iimpahla ejikeleza kummandla naliphi na ilizwe ngokwesiseko imfundiso yokuqala yokuthengisa. Kule yesibini - le nokudinwa amalungelo kwenzeka xa ethuma Ingeniso impahla ngaphakathi kurhulumente. Ubukho yomgaqo yesizwe iya kuvumela umnini wophawu ukuba kuziswe ubulungisa abo bantu Singenise waya kummandla lizwe iimveliso lokwenene ngaphandle kwemvume ekhethekileyo.

kwempahla Parallel ngendlela kulawulwa ngumthetho Russian. Ngamaxesha athile, isigqibo esithathwe nguRhulumente ukuthintela abasemagunyeni amasiko ukuphumeza kokuthathwa kwempahla ezithile wabhekisela yokuqala esingeniswe ku nokungabikho isigunyaziso umnini lungelo lokuthengisa. Ezi zenzo zomthetho nxamnye abangenisa ezinjalo akubandakanyi ukusetyenziswa iimbopheleleko nezolawulo ukusetyenziswa bangaziswa uphawu lokuthengisa. Ngoko ke, esebenzisa zokuxhathisa zomthetho wathwala semthethweni kwempahla ngaxeshanye. Ngoko ke, njengokuba indlela ephumelelayo ukuba silwe ngokungekho ukusetyenziswa amalungelo nokufakwa wophawu isetyenziswa ngokumangalelana ukubuyisa ilahleko ahambelanayo okanye imbuyekezo ngemali.

Asimele silibale ukuba asuka ukufana ziboniswe kwi ekupheleni-umsebenzisi. Kwaye kulindelekile. Ngapha koko, ixabiso lokuqala kwempahla kwamanye amazwe abangenisa parallel, ngaphantsi kancinci sicinywa omnye lentengiso abasasazi ogunyazisiweyo. Ngamanye amaxesha lo mahluko kunokuba ukuya ku-50 ekhulwini. Ngoko ke, umthengi kukulungele kanye ukuba bathenge iimveliso efanayo, kodwa ngexabiso eliphantsi. Ukongeza, iingcali waphawula ukuba ukuvalwa kwizinto ezingeniswa ukufana Akalinyusi uphuhliso ukhuphiswano eziphilileyo emarikeni. Kwakhona sibe nefuthe elibi kuphuhliso ophezulu-zobugcisa kunye ezintsha kumashishini asekuhlaleni akayi ukuphuhlisa amashishini amancinane.

Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba luthathele ingqalelo ukuba iinkcukacha ezisemthethweni zibonisa ukuba "avuza" kwi zorhwebo Russian parallel ngo-2013 eyayifikelela kwi-19% yempahla bathengisa kwiivenkile ezizimeleyo online.