"Antey" inkwili: technical iinkcukacha

Eqonda US Amaqela moya carrier yaba ngumsebenzi ophambili Soviet Navy ngoko nangoko emva kokugqitywa Enkulu Patriotic War. Kungenxa yale njongo zasekwa "umbulali" iziphathi-moya - project inkwili eSoviet ezizodwa kakhulu "949A Antey".

qala ukudala

Ngoo-1960s, nabayili Soviet wasebenza iiprojekthi ezimbini ezinxulumeneyo. abasebenzi OKB-52 Sizibandakanye kwisakhiwo esitsha antiship enomjukujelwa senzelwe ukuba atshabalalise utshaba imikhosi yomkhosi wamanzi, kwaye abasebenzi Central Design Bureau "uPhillip" inkwili enomjukujelwa wayila besesithathu isizukulwana. Kamva Kuya kusetyenziswa njengendawo yenethiwekhi inkqubo imizili entsha. kufuneka Military kuthetha namandla kunye ngempumelelo kakhulu ikwazi ukutshabalalisa iqela utshaba inqanawa kunye ngwenya, ukuba ukusebenza eliphezulu nobunzulu ngokuntywiliselwa lahlukile. Kwixesha elizayo, emva kokuba yotshintsho ezininzi ezi mpawu lweenqanawa ezintywilayo ahlangana lweenqanawa ezintywilayo "Antey" iklasi.

project "Granit 949"

Ngowe-1969, i-Navy ubeke umsebenzi abayili Soviet ukwenza ngwenya entsha. It ihanjiswa umjukujelwa kufuneka ufezekise ezi mfuno zilandelayo:

• Kufuneka ube ngesantya esiphezulu: hayi ngaphantsi kwe-2500 km / h.
• Range - 500 km.
• Okucetyiweyo ukuqala ukusuka zombini zasemanzini ngaphezu kwamanzi kunye nezibonelelo. Kwacetywa ukusebenzisa nabo lweenqanawa ezintywilayo kunye neenqanawa komhlaba.

Ekubeni kwiimeko ezininzi utshaba sekhombuya breaks yokhuselo lomoya "iqela" of imijukujelwa ezimbini elinesibini, emkhosini yiSoviet baba nomdla amathuba ngokudubula a ivolibholi. Ngokutsho kubabhekisi phambili, ukuze kuphunyezwe ukusebenza imijukujelwa anti-nqanawa yi isantya kuyimfuneko kodwa high kunye nobunzima elikhulu amabutho, ukuba bazixhobise bona kakuhle, kunye neenkqubo ezinokuthenjwa ezibonelela leligama ekujoliswe nobukrelekrele.

"Impumelelo" System

Nale ukubonakala izinto kumphezulu ehlabathini kweenkqubo isithuba eSoviet kwaye iliso kubo. "Impumelelo" liye iingenelo zilandelayo:

• ukuzimela Absolute evela iimeko zemozulu.
• Lwaqokelelwa ngaphezu indawo enkulu.
• Nokungafumaneki esitheni.

Ekujoliswe isiqu efunyenwe abanini yezixhobo kunye nezithuba umyalelo. Ukuveliswa lweenqanawa ezintywilayo zenyukliya wathwala abasebenzi Sevmash. Ngowe-1980, ngwenya lokuqala ukulungele "Arkhangelsk" project 949, yaye ngowe-1983 - "Murmansk".

lweenqanawa ezintywilayo Nuclear "Antey", 949A iprojekthi

Ekugqityweni ngempumelelo "Granite" umsebenzi yoyilo lwaqhutywa kwi projekthi phambili ngakumbi. Xa amaxwebhu kubhaliwe idweliswe njenge 949 A "Antey". Ngwenya ngenxa izixhobo yala maxesha kunye gumbi ezongezelelweyo ine ubeko oluphuculiweyo yangaphakathi, ubude eyonyukileyo kunye nokususwa. Ukongeza, ababhekisi ziye ikwazile ukwandisa ebonisa ngwenya lahlukile.

Ekuqaleni, kwacetywa ukukhulula iiyunithi amabini ngwenya phantsi kwe projekthi "Antaeus." Ngwenya K-148 "Krasnodar" ithathwa ngwenya yokuqala wenyukliya kule klasi. It yasungulwa ngo-1986. Waba Kungekudala ukulungele K-173 "Krasnoyarsk" le ngwenya. Okwangoku, le lweenqanawa ezintywilayo ekulahlweni karhulumente. Nangona kwacetywa yiSoviet ubunkokheli yemveliso lothotho inani lweenqanawa ezintywilayo ezimashumi mabini, oko wakhululwa iiyunithi ezilishumi elinanye kuphela projekthi "Antaeus." Ngwenya K-141 "Kursk" 1994 ukukhululwa kuye zitshone ngo-Agasti 2000.

NPS njenge njengenxalenye Russian lwaphela

Ngeli xesha kwinkonzo ye-Russian Federation Navy iqulathe iklasi ngwenya enyukliya alandelayo "Antey":

• K-119 "Voronezh" (North fleet).
• K-132 "Irkutsk" (Pacific fleet).
• K-410 "ESmolensk" (North fleet).
• K-456 "yaseTver" (Pacific).
• K-442 "eChelyabinsk" (Pacific Fleet).
• K-266 "Yokhozi" (okwangoku kumgangatho).

• K-186 "eOmsk" (Pacific).
• K-150 "Tomsk". (Pacific fleet).

Enye iprojekthi wadala 949 "Antey" inkwili K-135 "Volgograd" Ngoku kwi zolondolozo. A K-139 "Belgorod" sele egqibile iprojekthi 09 852.

Izixhobo NPS 949

Lweenqanawa ezintywilayo "Antey" uhlobo ziye doublecase scheme: ukukhanya hydrodynamic zangaphandle zezindlu iqokobhe ezingqonge engaphakathi, nto leyo yahluke ukusuka amandla eliphezulu engaphandle. Zenza kweendonga zayo mkhulu kuno-6 cm By enjalo doublecase inkwili lwezakhiwo na iingenelo zilandelayo .:

• Lweenqanawa ezintywilayo zinika ukubagcina ophezulu.
• NPS bakhuselekile udubulo kwamanzi.
• Lweenqanawa ezintywilayo babe ukufuduka ukwanda.

lweenqanawa ezintywilayo Housing iqulathe masebe alandelayo:

• Inomzimba.
• Management.
• Lamagumbi yezikhululo imfazwe kunye negumbi radio le.
• Nihlala.
• Ikhadi izixhobo zombane kunye noomatshini abangabancedani.
• Ziko.
• GTZA sebe.
• Lamagumbi kunye motor basafunda.

Xa kuthe yenyukliya inkwili inqanawa crash lixhotyiswe imimandla emibini (isaphetha ungqongqo), apho abasebenzi ungalinda ukuhlangulwa. Eli qela liquka abantu 130. Ngokutsho kwezinye data, inani ayidluli 112. Kwindlela yakuma wedwa, ngwenya ungahlala iintsuku hayi ngaphezulu kwe-120.

Inkcazelo sikagesi

Block GEU Premier League iqulathe kubenzi ezimbini yenyukliya Kulungile-650B kunye umphunga ezimbini injini-9 Kulungile. umthamo wabo 98 amawaka. L. a. Zisebenza ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ikama ngezikhonkwane. NPS ezimbini diesel ezongezelelweyo generator umthamo DG-190 kodwa alizi kuba ngaphantsi kwe-8 th. 700 l. a.

Ngwenya control yokulwa

Kuba Premier League, "Antey" inika iinkqubo sonar MGK-540 "Skat-3" kwaye inkqubo, linike kwesimo isithuba, kujoliswe kunye nolawulo idabi ngwenya. Iinkcukacha ezifunyenwe satellite okanye inqwelo-moya engena ngwenya usebenzisa antenna ezizodwa. Ukongeza, i-sub-class "Antey" umoya mfutho eriyali "Catfish".

indawo wayo somfanekiso aft. Displacer uhlobo antenna "Catfish" senzelwe ukufumana imiyalezo koonomathotholo kunye nemiqondiso isikhephe okuhlala ukujula okukhulu kakhulu okanye ngaphantsi ngomaleko omkhulu womhlaba ze ngumkhenkce.

Lokwehla usenyuka kwi Oondlela ngwenya inika iseti ekhethekileyo "Symphony-unayo." ukuchana High, uluhlu olude kunye nomthamo lolwazi iimpawu uphawu le nkqubo navigation.

Le ngwenya abaxhobileyo?

lweenqanawa ezintywilayo kwezikhali "Antey" uhlobo zibonakala ngeentlobo ezimbini:

• izikhali Anti-nqanawa (RCC) P-700 "Granite" (iiyunithi 24). Indawo umjukujelwa zibe izikhongozeli ukulungiselela ukusika omabini zodonga xi wenqanawa (ongaphakathi ngwenya). Yokuvala usebenzisa cowls-inshorensi ekhethekileyo, ezo ziyinxalenye istili engaphandle. Isikhongozeli esilayishwe axis degrees 40. Imijukujelwa zingasetyenziswa njenge (kg ukuya kwi-750) eliqhelekileyo kwaye axhotyiswe zikhali. PRK ihamba ngesantya-2.5 m / s kunye umgama abaliweyo ukuya km-550.
• ngemibhobho Mino-inomzimba (iziqwenga ezine). Ababini kubo babe bodidi ka-533 mm, kwaye abanye - 650 mm. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuba umlilo zombini torpedoes eqhelekileyo, kunye inomzimba-imijukujelwa. Indawo yezi zixhobo liye laba impumlo le ngwenya. Ngenxa inkqubo onoxanduva ukuxhuzula oluzenzekelayo, torpedoes lubafumana eliphezulu lomlilo. Phakathi kwemizuzu embalwa yonke iimbumbulu, eliquka torpedoes irula (iiyunithi ezili-12) kunye torpedoes (iiyunithi 16), uyekele inkwili "Antey".

iimpawu technical

• NPS has a ukubana ngamanzi amawaka 12. 500 hectares zomhlaba. m.
• Ukubana ngaphantsi amanzi amawaka-22. 500 hectares zomhlaba. m.
• Class "Antey" iinqanawa phezu kwamanzi unako ukufikelela ngezantya ukuya amaqhina 15.
• Phantsi kwamanzi ngaphezu yamendu azo amaqhina-32.
• Lweenqanawa ezintywilayo ukuze ukuxakeka ukuya kubunzulu obuyi-600 m.
• Kwimo ezimele, ngwenya inokuba iintsuku 120.

Le bona yemveliso lezibuko "Ante"

Njengoko kuqatshelwe ziingcali ezininzi Russian, lweenqanawa ezintywilayo chwetheza "Antey" kwi ukusebenza kwayo - iindlela ezininzi zikhethwayo yokujongana abathwali moya yotshaba. Ngowe-1980, iindleko mveliso a inkwili ayidluli million 227 engange (10% kuphela yexabiso American "Roosevelt"). Kodwa ukusebenza ngwenya yenyukliya yiSoviet laliphezulu kakhulu, "Antey" ingozi ophethe moya neenqanawa zawo ezihamba kunye. Ngokutsho kwezinye iingcali, ukusebenza "Ante" into zabaxwa. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-Premier League - imikhumbi kunye ezikhethiweyo elimxinwa. Kulo mba, abakwazi ukumelana ngokupheleleyo abathwali moya emininzi.

isiphelo

1980 Uphuhliso Namhlanje zithathwa kakhulu besele. Kulo mba, ngo-2011 kuye kwagqitywa ekubeni indawo SIC "Granite-700 'ukuya imijukujelwa wesimanje" Onyx "yaye" abanjalo ".

Oku kuya kuvumela "Antaeus" ukuba ibe sisixhobo ubhetyebhetye kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zemisebenzi.