Swiss uFranc - kuzisa iingxaki uzinzo

Lwemali yesizwe Switzerland - le franc Swiss. Kwi kwimarike kwemali yamazwe ngamazwe luchazwa CHF. Enye franc ilingana nekhulu centimes. Ejikelezayo kukho imali iphepha franc-10 ukuya ku-1000, iinkozo 1 ukuya franc 5 iinkozo centimes-5 ukuya ku-50.

A incinane

Le franc Swiss igqalwa omnye iimali inkoliso izinzile. Imbali yathi yasekwa ngo-1850, emva kokufumana inkululeko, Switzerland. Iminyaka ulawulo French ezazingekho ilize, kwaye franc Swiss kulinganiswa ngokwexabiso par ukuba umlingane wakhe isiFrentshi.

Ngokwemveli, wezobuDlelwane ixesha elide, umthetho zemali silinene nengqiqo, eli cala kweli lizwe, ukufihla aphezulu iidipozithi wenza iibhanki Swiss anomtsalane kakhulu kutyalo-mali. Ukongeza, izinga wonaniselwano ikharensi kugcinwa ukususela 1865 ukuya 2000 umlinganiselo esitalini ka 4.5 grams zesilivere nganye 0,29 iigram zegolide, oko kukuthi, ukugcina uzinzo eliphezulu franc

Kwemali ukwehla e Switzerland onamava kanye kuphela kwimbali yabo - ngo-1936, ngethuba Great Depression. Kodwa ezi ngxaki yehlabathi ka-1973 no-1998 franc Akavumelanga ilahleko. Okwangoku, imali Swiss isetyenziswa yi iibhanki nje bucala, ngeqanda kwamaxabiso. amazwe Eastern ukhetha ukusebenzisa endaweni franc Swiss euro, ukususela elithile ngohlobo lwemali iphezulu kakhulu.

Switzerland gqolo ihambisane kwizithethe cala, ngenxa yoko, ingabi yeyasemzimbeni na European Community okanye amazwe "Big Eight". Lo mgaqo-nkqubo langaphandle kuvumela ilizwe ukuba igcinwe kude eliphezulu-iprofayili iingxaki zoqoqosho nezopolitiko.

Imeko yangoku

Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, eli franc Swiss bya ngokuchasene euro phantse-20%. amagunya karhulumente nokuba kwafuneka artificially awuthintele franc Loo ukunyuka kwexabiso le lwemali yendawo kuye kwaba nefuthe elibi kakhulu kushishino zabakhenkethi kweli lizwe. Iya isanda, baseYurophu bakhetha Alps Austrian okanye French, ekubeni amaxabiso luyafikeleleka ngakumbi, kwaye abanye ufumane lwabiwo-mali. Emva kokuba ingxaki-2008, iye yaba ngumba obaluleke kakhulu.

Ngoko ke, ukuba abanini iiholide ntaba Swiss ngoku ebonakalayo ukunciphisa amaxabiso: abapase ski zingathengwa isaphulelo se-30%, amaxabiso isaphulelo ngobuninzi kwi indawo ezihotele kunye nezindlu ekuhlalwa kuzo, izaphulelo Ukuskiya kunye umqeqeshi, amaxabiso zokutyela yehla nge-15-20%, izixhobo ski afumanekayo eemali ngezaphulelo ukuya kwi-20%. Kodwa onke la manyathelo, ezi iiholide Ski eSwitzerland zezona eninzi kakhulu eYurophu. Hotels ngokubanzi kuphela isiqingatha-ezaliswe, kwaye babhukishe indlu kunokuba nje phambi iiholide iKrismesi.

IMithetho yokutshintsha imali

iibhanki Swiss abe umsebenzi eqhelekileyo ukususela yesibhozo kusasa kwada ezine ukuya kwezintandathu nentsimbi ngokuhlwa evekini, kunye ikhefu lelantshi ukususela kwintsimbi de ezimbini. Kwizikhululo zeenqwelo kunye kwizikhululo zikaloliwe lwemali zibe nokutshintshanisa imihla ukususela yesibhozo kusasa kwada ezilishumi ebusuku. Kukho ngeenxa zonke izinto kwewotshi. Exchange angenza ngayo iibhanki, exchange ofisi kwiivenkile ezinkulu nakwezithengisa izinto isebe, kwezinye arhente zokuhamba. Kodwa e Switzerland Kuyinto overvalued rate, ngoko yaba franc Swiss kungcono amazwe.

Xa iivenkile ezininzi ungakwazi ukuhlawula akwiidola okanye euro zentlawulo wamnonelela amakhadi ezinkulu ngetyala kwaye iitsheki yabahambi.

VAT imali ukuthenga

VAT Swiss yi 7.5%. Kwiivenkile neehotele zonke iirhafu zifakiwe kwi-akhawunti. Xa ixesha elinye-ukuthenga kuyo nayiphi na ivenkile kwi imali franc ezingaphezu kwama-500, value added tax ebuyiselwa. Ukuze benze oku, ivenkile kufuneka ubonise incwadana yokundwendwela uze ufumane itsheki «Irhafu-free othengela». Xa bephuma lizwe, uyakwazi ufune VAT ebhankini kwi-moya. Yaye ezinkulu kwiivenkile kwisebe kunye VAT kubuyiswa ngoko nangoko, kodwa ke akunyanzelekanga ukuba kwi noqeqesha ngenkqubo yokundwendwela.