Strauss eziqhelekileyo - ezintle zendalo

IiFern ziyinye yezona zityalo zasendulo zezona zityalo. Imbali yabo ibalwa ezininzi izigidi zeminyaka, babona ezinye iidinosaurs. Kodwa nanamhlanje, i-ferns ayilahlekelwa ukubaluleka kwayo kokubili kwendalo kunye nezoqoqosho zentlalo yoluntu. Isityalo esinjalo esidala kunye nesigqabileyo sincini esinesidlangalaleni, esisezintwini ezingapheliyo zentsapho ye-onicleids.

Esi sityalo sitholakala eninzi kwinxalenye yaseYurophu yaseRashiya, kwiintaba zeentaba zaseCaucasus, eSiberia, kumahlathi aseMpuma Ekude naseTransbaikalia. Ngasenyakatho, umda woluhlu lwazo lwabiwo luwela kwi-61 ° N ^lat . W. Kakade ke, incini eqhelekileyo, ekhula kwiimeko ezinzima zemozulu, iyahluke kwiqondo eliphezulu lokunyamezela kwamaqabunga kunye nokungathobeki.

Le fern, ebizwa ngokuba yizimvu ezimnyama kunye neentambo zeenciniba, inqwenela ukuhlala kwindawo ezinamanzi emahlathini ngenxa yokuma kwamagqabi ayo, esoloko ifunyenwe ngaselunxwemeni lwemifula yaseSiberia kunye nemifula, kwiindawo ezinqabileyo zonxweme, phantsi kweemifula, kufuphi neepampu kunye neempampu, Kwiimida ezimanzi kunye neendawo zokubeka ngamatye. EYurophu, iincini eziqhelekileyo zinokufumaneka kwi- peninsula yaseScandinavia ngasenyakatho ukuya eCroatia kunye neentaba zeApennines ezantsi. Ngenkulungwane ye-20 yafunyanwa kwiintlambo ze-Etna - i-volcano ehloniphekileyo yeSicilian. Kwakhona, isinyama esidlangalaleni sisasazwa kakhulu e-Asia naseMerika.

Iingqungquthela zaseJapan uKato no-Ivatsuki, abaye bafunda ngokucophelela uluhlu lwangoku lwalolu hlobo lokukhula kunye nokuhlalutya ukufaniswa kwemvelo yazo zonke iintlobo zawo, baphetha ngokuthi, mhlawumbi, ilizwe laloo mveleli nguMntla Melika, apho lavela khona oothixo bamandulo, emva koko luhlala kulo lonke elaseMntla Ihlabathi. Ukuqinisekiswa okungachanileyo koku: yindlela yokwenza i-sporiferous yokuveliswa kwayo, ukukwazi ukulungelelanisa ngokukhawuleza kwiimeko zezulu kunye nokungazithobeli.

Isiqhelo esingaqhelekanga sisitya se-fern ephethe amaqabunga omhlaza we-photosynthetic ohlobo lwe-dimorph, ukuya kwiiyure enye kunye neekhilomitha eYurophu kunye ne-ezine kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zase-Asia. Esi sityalo sasendulo sandisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngama-spores kunye nezigoloni. Iingxabano zakhe zinobukhulu obukhulu, enomxholo ophezulu we-chloroplasts, yingakho umbala wabo ohlaza ogqamile uzimisele. I nciniba ayikho phantsi kwezifo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kukhona ama- marsupials e- parasitic ye- genus tafrin, ebangela ukubonakala kwamacaka amnyama kumaqabunga.

Ngelishwa, i-chemical composition of this ancient inhabitant of the planet is, to date, little study. Kuze kube ngoku, akukho mntu kwihlabathi othe wathatha le ngxaki. Kuyaziwa kuphela ngomxholo kumagqabantshintshi aloo mveliso ethile ye-vitamin P, i-tannins (4.5%), iziphumo ze-coumarin (ezingekho ngaphezu kwe-0.35%). I-Flavonoids, i-ascorbic acid kunye neziphumo ze-floroglucin zatholakala kwi-rhizomes.

U-Ostraznik oqhelekileyo (isithomboniso sibonisa oku) sinempawu ezibalaseleyo zokubhenkceza, ezenza ukuba zidume kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi kunye nabaqulunqi bee-complex complex. Kubukeka buhle xa kuhlobisa ulwandle lwamanxweme kunye namagumbi okugcoba. Kodwa xa kuqulunqwa iziqulatho ezifanelekileyo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela uhlobo olushukunyisayo lwenciniba, oluyinyama kunye nokuwunqoba intsimi, lugxotha ezinye iintlobo zezityalo.

Kwakhona, le fern isetyenziswa rhoqo njengezilwanyana zokutya. Abantu baseSiberia kumaxesha amandulo babesebenzisa okokutya kunye nobhiya ophucukileyo kwizincini. Ukongezelela, inexabiso lemali. Ngaphambili, yayisetyenziswe njenge -agent-healing agent. Inceda ngokutshisa, i-frostbite kunye nezilonda ezahlukeneyo zesikhumba. I-Rhizome rhizomes yayisetyenziswe kwiyeza lonyango eSiberia ukwenzela ukuba kulungele ukusebenza komgudu wokugaya inyama, njenge-antipyretic, i-softening and antitussive.