Iintaba zaseKyrgyzstan: inkcazelo, imbali kunye neenkcukacha ezithakazelisayo

Iintaba zaseKyrgyzstan ziyiqhawe elinamandla abazama ukuba ngaphezu kwezulu, ukusika amafu amhlophe ngamagqabi. Ukutyelela kule ndawo kudla kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi bokuzilibazisa okukhulu, beza apha bevela kumazwe amaninzi. Kwintsimi yaseRiphablikhi yaseKyrgyzstan kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeentaba: iTien Shan kunye nePamir, ebonwa njengeyona ephezulu e-Asia.

Imbali yeentaba zaseKyrgyzstan

Iintaba ezikuloo ndawo zikhankanywe kwimibhalo yamandulo kunye neenkcukacha zabahambi abaye bavelela le ndawo kunye neendwendwe, yonke inkcazelo malunga nekhulu elingaphaya kwamakhulu amabini anesiganeko.

Enye yophando lokuqala yophando lwenziwe nguhambo lukaP. Semenov ngo-1856, olwenza inkcazelo kunye nokufundisisa ngokubanzi kwendawo leyo, eyayifumana inkcazelo ehloniphekileyo esuka kwi-Russian tsar egama linguSemenov-Tianshansky. Waqala udwebe icebo leenqanawa, uhlolisise i-Issyk-Kul echibini, wafumanisa ipiramidi yeKhan-Tengri waza wafikelela kwiqela le-Tengri-Tag.

Ukuze uphendule umbuzo malunga neentaba zaseKyrgyzstan, kufuneka uzibone ngamehlo akho. Iziqithi zeentaba apha zifumana uncedo olusisigxina, olubhekiselele kwiintlobo ezininzi zeentaba kunye neentaba eziphakamileyo, eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo zininzi nakwiindawo ezivela kwimvelaphi yasendulo, ngokuqhelekileyo zixhomekeke kwelinye icala ngenxa yokunyathela.

Kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni kukho ezininzi zeqhwa kunye neetalus, zonke iintaba ezinokuphakama kwama-3,500 m eziqingqiweyo ziqingqiweyo ukuya kwi-30-100 m yamatye aphantsi, iinqumle zigqutywa ngekhephu, iinqanaba lekhephu lidlula kwindawo ephakamileyo ukuya kuma-3,800-4,200 m, ezinye iindawo zibhekwa njengengozi ngenxa yee-avalanche .

Iintaba zaseTien-Shan

Eguqulelwe esuka kwisiTshayina, kuthiwa "iintala zeCelestial", ezolula kwintshona-ntshona-empuma kwaye ziqukethe iigorha ezingama-88. I-Tien-Shan Range yiintaba zaseKyrgyzstan naseKazakhstan, ngokufanelekileyo zibhekwa njengezona zide kakhulu e-Asia (2800 km). Kwinqanaba layo iintaba eziphakamileyo: iNtambo yeNtambo (7440 m) kunye neKhan-Tengri ngentlanzi (malunga ne-7000 m), kukho ukuphakama kwama-40 anokuphakama kwama-6 000 emitha.

Uninzi lwalowo mgangatho lufumaneka kwintsimi yaseKyrgyzstan kwaye luhlulwe kwiindawo ezi-6 zohlobo lwe-Alpine. IRiphabhlikhi yingu-92% entabeni, iinqaba zihlula kwiindawo ezisenyakatho nakumazantsi, zidibene nomgwaqo omkhulu phakathi kwemizi yaseBishkek ne-Osh. Ubude obude bemigqomo i-100-300 km, kwaye ububanzi bufikelela kuma-40 km. Imimandla yemozulu imele phantse yonke into, ukusuka kwi-taiga kunye ne-stony tundra kunye neendlovu ze-alpine, apho kudliwa khona amadlelo enxalenye yezantsi yeentaba.

Iintaba zaseKyrgyzstan zihlala zisetyenziswe ngabagibeli kunye nabathandi bemvelo yokunyuka kweentaba zeentaba, ukugibela ihashe, ukukhwela ngeenxa zonke kwimilambo yeentaba, ukususela kumaxesha eSoviet Union. Nangona kunjalo, ubuhle balo mmandla, nangona ubude obude ukusuka kwimpucuko kunye nobunzima obuphezulu bokudlula imizila, buye lwaziwa ngabantu bonke abakhenkethi kunye nabagibeli.

IiValeni kunye namachibi

Kwi-Tien Shan, kukho ezininzi izilwanyana eziphakamileyo eziphakamileyo, ezisetyenziselwa iidlelo eziqhamo. Efihliweyo ngotshani. Kwinqanaba leenqanawa, imingxuma ye-alpine yamisa iibhanki, ezajika zibe ngamachibi kunye neemvula, i-Issyk-Kul.

Ngokwabaphandi, iintaba zeTien Shan zagqitywa ngexesha le-glacial by glaciers ezinamandla kakhulu, iindawo eziseleyo ezifumaneka kwiimithi, i-moraines, i-circuses kunye namachibi. Kule ndawo zonke imilambo yaseKyrgyzstan ivela.

Iintaba zaseKyrgyzstan zihle kakhulu entwasahlobo ngoMeyi, xa zonke izihlambo zihlanganiswe ngeentyantyambo: i-tulips ephuzi kunye nobomvu, edelweiss, njl. Iintyatyambo ezintabeni zaseKyrgyzstan zibukeka ngokungaqhelekanga malunga nemvelaphi yeentaba ezikhethiweyo zekhephu.

ILake Issyk-Kul - iparele yeTien Shan, ehlala kwindawo yokudakumba (702 m) phakathi kweenduli zeentaba, yindawo yesithathu ejulile kwintsimi yeCIS.

Iintaba zasePamir

Enye intaba yeentaba eziphakamileyo zaseKirijia, ezimele kuphela ngenyakatho yayo, nguPamir. Iindidi ezidume kakhulu apha ziyiZaalaysky kunye neTurkestan, ubude obude buyi-5.5 iimitha ezili-mitha, kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lePamir nguLenin Peak (7134 m).

I-Pamir yinkqubo enkulu yeentaba kwihlabathi, elikummandla waseKyrgyzstan, eTajikistan naseTshayina. Nantsi iimozulu yelizwekazi alimanzi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neTien Shan kunye nelanga. I-Zaalaysky Range inebude obungama-200 km kwintsimi yaseKyrgyzstan kwaye iyaqhubeka eChina enye indawo engama-50 km, iqubuke ngokugqithiseleyo, kwiintlambo zize zikhule nezihlahla ezinqabileyo. Inqanaba eliphezulu le-Zaalaysky Range yi-Sat peak (5900 m).

Iintaba eKyrgyzstan: igama leentlanzi kunye nenkcazelo

Intaba ephakamileyo ephakamileyo yaseKyrgyzstan, ivakatyelelwa rhoqo ngabagibeli:

• I-Victory Peak, inyakatho yeentaba ezingama-7 000-hektare, yaqala ukuvulwa ngo-1938, inokuphakama kwe-7,439 m, ikhona emngceleni weChina kwindawo yaseKokshaal-Too kufuphi neLake Issyk-Kul. IiMountaine zibiza ngokuba yiyona nto inzima kwaye ayifumaneki, kuba Abadlali abaqeqeshwayo kuphela abaqeqeshwa kakuhle bangawunqoba. Ubunzima bokukhuphuka kuboniswe ngumoya onobukrakra, ukugqithiswa okubukhali komoya wasentla, ukunyuka kwamathambeka kunye nenqabileyo ebandayo. Le ngqungquthela yabonwa kuqala ngabanqobi beKhan-Tengri ngentlanzi ngowe-1936, eyayiyiminyaka emibini kamva, phantsi kobunkokheli bukaL. Gutman, iqokelele uhambo lokuphonononga intaba evulekileyo kwaye ingayinqoba.

• Ingqungquthela yeKhan-Tengri, elithetha "iNkosi yezulu" ngesiTurkey, ayifinyelele ekuphakameni kwee-7-000 kuphela kwimitha e-5 kuphela, kodwa kubunzima phakathi kwabo. Xa ukunyuka kule nqampu yokunyuka kunamathele kwisithethe esinqwenelekayo: ngalinye iqela elitsha liyakhupha i-capsule yangaphambili ngolwazi malunga nomncinci (isibongo, umhla), kwaye ubhala kwakhona kwaye aphinde angene. Abemi beeNgingqi banikezela ngelinye igama elithi "Kan-Too" ("iNtaba yeGazi") kwinani elikhulu lezengozi eziqhutyelwa ngenyuka. Ingqungquthela iphinda idume ngokubonakala kwayo.

• ULenin Peak ngowona tyelele kakhulu kwiiPamous, kuba Ukunyuka kuyinto elula kwaye ayinayo imfuno emgangathweni yempilo yabakhuba. Njengomthetho, bonke abatyelelo bafika kwinkampu yenkampu ngemoto esuka kwisixeko saseOsh.

Iintaba zeentaba, ezincinane kunezixhenxe eziphakamileyo:

• I-Peaks Chapayev (6370 m), iPrzhevalsky (6450 m), iMarble Wall (6400 m) kunye neTent (6700 m) ziyinxalenye ephambili yeTien Shan.
• Iintsika zeKarakol (5216 m), iNansen (5697 m), iPiramidi (5621 m), njl.

Abaqambi bemimandla yeentaba zaseKyrgyzstan

Kwiintaba zaseKyrgyzstan kukho iindidi ezininzi zeqhwa:

• I-Korzhenevsky Glacier ifumaneka kwintlambo esemantla ongasenyakatho we-Zaalaisky Range, i-21.5 km ubude.
• Ingqungquthela yaseLenin - uhlobo lweentaba kwisitya esisenyakatho kwinqanaba elifanayo, eli-13.5 km ubude, lilele enyaweni kaLenin Peak.
• I-Mushketov Glacier - yimihlobo yomthi, iphakathi kwinqanaba laseTyen Shan, emthambekeni osenyakatho we-Saryjaz, ubude be-20.5 km kunye nabanye.

Ukudlula kweNtaba

Ukuze ufumane ukusuka kwintlambo enye ukuya kwelinye, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ukuhamba kweentaba, ezintabeni zaseKyrgyzstan ziqela zazo:

• I-Bedel - ifumaneka ezintabeni zeTien Shan, idlula kwi-Kokshaaltau kumda phakathi kweTshayina neKyrgyzstan, ubude bee-4284 m, iminyaka emininzi yangena kwi-Great Silk Road kwaye yayiyindlela eyaziwayo yendlela yokuhamba.
• Inqanawa yaseKyzyl-Art, esendaweni yasePamir, idlula emngceleni phakathi kweKyrgyzstan neTajikistan, ukuphakama kwayo ngu-4280 m, kwinqanaba elisenyakatho ukuphakama kuluhlu kwaye luphawulekayo, kunye nomzantsi-ophezulu ukuya elamantanjeni yomlambo. Marcans.
• I-Taldyk - idlula idibanisa i-r. I-Gyulci neAlayskub, intlambo esezantsi, ikhona kwi-Alai Range, kwindawo ephakamileyo yee-3,615 m. Umgwaqo omkhulu uqhutyelwa kuyo, apho kunokwenzeka ukuba ufike ku-Osh, ngakwelinye icala-idolophana laseSary-Tash.

KwiNtaba engcwele yeSuliman

Isixeko sase-Osh sithathwa njengenqununu yasezantsi yeKyrgyzstan. Ngo-2009, loo mzi wawuzaliswa ngenye into ekuthandwayo - intaba engcwele yeSolimim-Too (itrone yeSoliman), eyayibizwa ngokuba yindawo yeGugu leMhlaba.

Imbali yayo ibuyele emva kwekhulu leminyaka, kwaye lonke eli xesha lidume njengendawo ebaluleke kakhulu, eqinisekiswa yi-petroglyphs entabeni. AmaSulumane esakholelwa ukuba le ngcwele ingumlinganiselo wemilingo, inika abo bafika apha ngesicelo, inhlalakahle, impilo, inzala kunye nayo yonke into abaya kuhamba ngayo abahambahambayo.

INtaba yaseSyuliman kwisixeko sase-Osh e-Kyrgyzstan inexesha elide malunga neekhilomitha ezili-1 kunye nokuphakama kwe-1110 m. Abakhenkethi nabahambahambayo bangathatha iindwendwe entabeni (ngemali encinci) kwaye bahloniphe iindawo ezikufutshane kunye nombono wesixeko ngaphantsi kwayo.

Kwi-Suleiman-Too kukho indawo yeecawa, nganye inentsingiselo yayo:

• Ibhuloho yaseSirat - ngokwemigqaliselo, yindlela eya emva kokufa, leyo ingadluliselwa kuphela ngumntu ongenasono.
• I-Ene-Besik - ukuvulwa kwe-2 m ububanzi, echaphazela ukuveliswa kwesigamu sesibini somntu.
• I-Tamchy-Tamar-laz, efikelela kwi-8 m, enceda ekuphulukeni kwiintsholongwane kunye nezifo zamehlo.
• Kol-Tash - umgodi ovela kwiidonga ze karst, uphilisa kwizifo ezihlangene.
• I-Bel-Tash - iplati ye-3 m ubude, phakathi kwe-gutter, ukuphilisa izifo emva kwayo kufuneka uqhube ubuncinane amaxesha ama-3, okwenziwa ngempumelelo ngabantwana nakwabadala.
• Bash-Tash - umgodi osondele kwindlela, ngokweengcamango, uphilisa entloko.

Phezu kweSuimim-Too umisa i-chapel "indlu kaBabur", eyakhiwe ngekhulu le-15 kunye nokwakhiwa ngabemi basekuhlaleni ngo-1989, i-museum eneendawo zokusebenza zendawo yakhiwa ngaphakathi entabeni.

Yintoni ekhangele iintaba zabakhenkethi

I-Kyrgyzstan lizwe lase-Central Asia likhanga abavakhenkethi ngeentaba zayo ezintle kwaye zizintle, zizityebi kwimbali, inkcubeko engaqhelekanga kunye nezithethe ezithakazelisayo. Kuthatyathwa njengeparadesi yeentaba kubagibeli, abakhweli kunye nabathandwayo bokuhamba: zikho iinjongo ezininzi ezifuna ukunqoba abagibeli ukuze bafumane isihloko esithi "ingwe yeqhwa", apha ebusika kwaye ikhefu lekhefu likwazi ukuqeqesha, ukunyuka kunye nokuhla kweemifula, abakhenkethi kunye nabathandi bokuzonwabisa .

Iintaba zaseKyrgyzstan ziphezu kwamagqabi kunye neendawo eziphakamileyo zeemvula, imifula enemizila, amachibi alubhakabhaka, amaninzi amnandi kunye neentyantyambo eziqhakazileyo kunye nemifuno enqabileyo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo nezilwanyana.