Ukwazi iplanethi yakho yasekuhlaleni: yintoni ilwandle?

Umntu onamandla akhe onke agxile kwindawo, abalobi bezobuqhetseba bezobuqhetseba basebenze imifanekiso yokuphuhliswa kwamanye amaplanethi, kunye nento esinayo "ngaphantsi", ngamanye amaxesha, kungekhona wonke umntu owaziyo. Kwaye ukuba umhlaba ungaphantsi kancinci, ke akukho nto iyaziwa malunga nobunzulu bamanzi. Yaye akuyena wonke umntu onokuphendula umbuzo olula malunga naluphi ulwandle. Masenze "imichilo" kwimfundo kwaye sibhekane neengcinga kunye nenkcazelo.

Yintoni na, ulwandle, kunokuba luhluke kwamanye amabutho amanzi

Phantse kwisithathu somhlaba weplanethi (iipesenti ezisixhenxe ezisezantsi) ihlala emanzini. Yenza i-Ocean Ocean. Ikwahlukana kwakhona, ibe yincinci. Sonke siyazi kakuhle: iilwandle kunye neendawo, imilambo kunye neengxaki ziyingxenye zayo. Iilwandle zibhekwa njengona mkhulu. Ngokutsho kwenkcazo, lo bunzima bamanzi phakathi kwelizwekazi. Kukho ezine kuzo zonke (nakuba abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba kukho ezintlanu). Ifudumala kakhulu yiLwandle lwaseNdiya. Owona mkhulu uQoet. I-Arctic Ocean ininzi ihlanganiswe ngamaqhwa. I-Atlantic - ikwahluke ngamanzi amandla. I-5, elwandle elingabonakaliyo, mhlawumbi ikhona kwindawo yeSouth Pole. Akakhethiwe kwihlabathi kunye neemephu. Ukucinga ukuba ulwandle luni, kuya kuba lula ukuba ukhangela umfanekiso wesiplanethi ukusuka kwi-orbit. Esi sikhulu esikhulu, esihlanganiswe ngamanzi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye neqhwa elimhlophe. Imiqondiso yayo: indawo phakathi kwamazwekazi, ubungakanani obukhulu.

Umbono weembali

Ngamaxesha amandulo abantu babengazi ukuba zininzi amanzi emhlabeni. Ewe, kwaye ukuphuhliswa kwezi zithuba kwakuyinto engabonakaliyo ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kunye nezixhobo zanamhlanje. KwiGrisi yamandulo, umbuzo woluphi ulwandle, waphendula - amanzi ajikeleze ihlabathi elidumileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo babemelwe ngendlela yomlambo ojikelezayo emhlabeni. Umgangatho wabo wokuhamba wawungavumeli ukuba bahambe phakathi kwamazwekazi, oko kuthetha ukuba kwakungenakwenzeka ukuqokelela idatha yangempela ngobukhulu be-expanses ye-ocean. Iimbono zoluntu zaqala ukutshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe ngokuphuhliswa kokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi. Ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe, ukuqonda kokuqala kobukhulu bokwenene boLwandle lwaseMhlabeni bekhulile. Nangona kukho ubungqina bokuba abantu basendulo babezi ngakumbi malunga nomhlaba, abazange bakwazi ukugcina le ngcaciso. Ubungqina bekhadi likaMercator, elingaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu amahlanu ubudala.

Iimbono zanamhlanje

Iingcali zenzululwazi zikholelwa ukuba ikusasa labantu lidibana ngqo nolwandle lwehlabathi. Xa ebuzwa ukuba ulwandle luni, baqhuba ibali elingapheliyo malunga nemithombo yalo engapheliyo. Umzekelo, amanzi ngokwawo. Ingumthombo wemigodi yamanzi, equlethe ngaphezu kwemashumi asixhenxe anesihlanu. Ukusuka kuyo unokukwazi ukubona i-magnesium ne-iodine, i-cadmium kunye negolide, i-bromine kunye neetyuwa zetyuli. Ewe, kwaye amanzi aphelileyo aya kuhlala. Iitokisi zamanzi zikhulu kangangokuba kunzima ukucinga. Wonke umntu ohlala kwiplanethi unomthamo olingana nama-270 million cubic meters. Le malunga nama- Mozhaisk, okukufutshane noMoscow. Umgangatho wamanzi ngumthombo wamandla. Uninzi lwegesi kunye neoli liveliswa kwikharityhulam yelizwekazi. Ukugcinwa kwezi zinto, ngokwezenzululwazi, zinkulu. Kwiminyaka yokugqibela, iimpahla ze-ferromanganese nodules zafunyanwa. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ucinge malunga nokutsalwa kweentlobo ezingamashumi amathathu zesinyithi. Amanxweme nawo angumthombo wamandla. Inokufumaneka kwiimitha kunye namanzi. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zabala ukuba iplanethi ngoku iindawo ezingamashumi amabini anesihlanu apho kubalulekile ukwakha izikhululo ezinjalo. Eyona nto ibhetele kumanxweme e-White, Okhotsk neBarents.

Eziphilayo

Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwebonke behlabathi kwenza oososayensi bacinge ngesidingo sokuphuhlisa izibonelelo zokutya. Uninzi lwabheka iilwandle. Kulapho ujikeleza kwaye wandisa ezininzi iintlobo zezidalwa. I-akhawunti yeentlanzi malunga neepesenti ezili-14. Inxalenye ininzi ithathelwe yi-algae. Kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwabo ekudleni kuya kwenzeka, nangona kungekaqhelekanga. Ngoku ke ingqalelo ishintshelwe ekuphuhlisweni kweefama zaselwandle. Bazama ukuzalisa zonke iintlobo zezilwanyana eziluncedo. Ulwalathiso lubhekwa li thembisa. Okwangoku, ikhulile ngokwaneleyo, ikakhulukazi i-oyster kunye ne-mussels, kelp. Ukusebenza ukuphuhlisa ulawulo lwe-mariculture lwenziwa ngamazwe onke. Yonke into eyaziwa nge-biosphere yolwandle yimiba yonxweme. Iipesenti ezingamashumi asibhozo aziphandi, ezivumela uluntu ukuba lube nethemba eliphezulu kwixesha layo elizayo. Kusoloko kukho iingxelo zokufumanisa iintlobo ezitsha zezinto eziphilayo ezinzulwini, ekubeni ukuphuhliswa kwetheknoloji kwenza ukuba kubekho uphando olunzulu olwandle.

I-ecology ye-Ocean Ocean

Umsebenzi wezakhono zomntu uthinta imeko yolwandle. Ngaphezu koko,
Ububi bezenzo kaninzi lukhokelela kwintlekele engenakulinganiswa. Ngokomzekelo, emanzini ase- Atlantic Ocean, kukho ininzi yeoli neoli. Ubuchwephesha bokucoca abenziyo abukho. Iintlekele ezinjalo zionakalisa zonke izinto eziphilileyo, zonakalise i-ecosystem. Ukongezelela, ngokuqhelekileyo imbangela yokungcoliseka koLwandle lwaseMhlabeni ngumsebenzi womntu emhlabeni. Ngoko ke, eLwandle lwaseAzov, ezininzi izichumiso ezisuka kwimimandla yokugeleza, ukuba ithathwa njengento engcolileyo kwihlabathi. Ioli ihlupheka i-Baltic ne-Mediterranean. I-Gulf yasePersi ngokuqhelekileyo isikhashana ibe yinto yokulahla inkunkuma yeoli ngenxa yempi yempi ekhutshwe kwintsimi yayo.

Kubaluleke ngoku ngoku ukukhuselwa kolwandle olusuka kwimisebenzi yabantu. Oku kufuneka ukuba kwenziwe ukuba sifuna ukuba inzala yethu ibe nolwazi olwandle!