Ngubani abalawula emva Elizabeth? Abantwana Elizavety Petrovny Romanovoy

Kukholelwa ukuba wokugqibela tsar Russian, Nicholas II, waba kothile emzalwaneni Romanov, ukhokho ogama uMikhail Romanov - uyise Petra Velikogo. "Kutheni na ingqalelo?" - mhlawumbi uya kucelwa ngabantu abaninzi. Ngenxa emva nayiphi Peter mna, noYohane V, ookumkani yokugqibela All Russia, bengashiyanga inzala ngqo kumgca eyindoda, kwaye namandla ukudlulela phambili mhlawumbi iintombi zabo okanye abantwana babo sele. Ukongeza, urhulumente kangangethuba ixesha elide olawulwa yi uKumkanikazi (Anne, Elizabeth noCatherine), nto leyo has a abaziphethe kakubi kwaye babedume kothando kakhulu. Ngoko ke, nanku umbuzo malunga linyulu begazi soMhlekazi yokugqibela Russian. Ngokusisiseko, siyayazi impendulo ngqo kumbuzo ngubani olawula emva Elizabeth. Kakade ke, uPetros III (unyana ka intombi ka-uPeter Omkhulu, Anna Petrovna kunye Duke Fridriha Golshteyn-Gottorp). Kodwa ke imvelaphi unyana wakhe noPawulos, amabali ezininzi zaye zenziwa.

Imvelaphi Romanov ubukhosi

Ummeli yokuqala elolu hlobo wasebukhosini uBhishophu Filaret, aka Fyodor Nikitich (ntlandlolo izinduna), unyana Nikita Romanovich. Okulandelayo koko wavakalisa ukumkani uMikhail Fedorovich. Kwaye ngoko - unyana wakhe Alexis, lowo wazala oonyana abathathu: umdala - Fedor, eliphakathi - Ivan, Omnci - Pet. Emva kokufa kukayise wakhe, amandla ocande ezandleni Fedor Alekseevich. Njengoko sisazi kwimbali, uPetros A. nomntakwabo uYohane emva kokufa abazalwana babo abadala baba intsebenziswano abalawuli kwetrone Russian. Ngenxa yokuba uYohane yempilo enkenenkene kakhulu kwaye phantse akukho inxaxheba kulawulo lizwe. Kunjalo, waba neentombi amahlanu, apho Anna kuphela yaba kamva uKumkanikazi.

Abantwana Petra Velikogo

Le ukumkani elinesibini abantwana nabafazi ababini (uninzi lafela ezelwe). Unyana wakhe omdala Alex engezanga etroneni, kuba kwanaxa ubomi kabawo watyholwa lokungcatsha waza wagwetyelwa ukufa, kodwa akazange aphile ngokuvisisana ngokubulawa yesivakalisi. Kodwa ke intombi mncinane kunye ozithandayo kaPetros Elizaveta Petrovna Romanova, leyo, nangona ilifa ngqo itrone uyise wakhe, wamnika kuqala ukuba umtshana wakhe uPetros weSibini (unyana Tsarevich Alexei) uze umza - Anne Ioannovne kunye grandnephew yakhe Ivan Indah (nomzukulwana Fifth John), ngenxa yazibandakanya ibhotwe ukuze ekugqibeleni uthabathe itrone waza wavakalisa ngokwakhe ukumkanikazi of Russia. Ngokutsho imithombo ezisemthethweni, yena engenabantwana, nangona abantu amavo abaninzi malunga nenzala yayo. Phambi ndithi owayelawula emva Elizabeth, umazi biography of uKumkanikazi, kwakunye era wobukumkani bakhe. Sinokuthi ukuba kakhulu umdla, kodwa ngaxeshanye, ixesha obalulekileyo kwimbali karhulumente Russian. Oku kubonisa ukuba ilifa kuyise ezinye iimpawu ezinkulu zemvelo, kuquka uthando iinguqulelo.

UElizabhete ebuntwaneni

Future uKumkanikazi wazalwa ngo-1907 e-Kolomna. Abazali bakhe abazange batshate ngokusemthethweni, ngoko Elizabeth maxa wambi ebizwa ngokuba intombi ongekho uPetros. Kunjalo, unyaka emva kokuzalwa kwakhe, ukumkani watshata nonina waza wamisela yokuqala Catherine wayo, neentombi zakhe ezimbini wanikwa isihloko amakhosazana. Elizabeth kunye nodadewabo Anna wachitha ebuntwaneni kwi Winter Palace. Bakhulela tofotofo, engqongwe intonga lonke ngabakhonzi. Amantombazana bafumana imfundo enkulu noqeqesho. Baye nafundiswa French, isiJamani, Italian. Bafundisa yokuziphatha - ukukwazi ukuziphatha kuluntu eliphezulu. Xa izifundo izifundo ziye ukudanisa nokudlala umculo. Inkosazana oselula kakhulu kakuhle ukufunda, isandla elungileyo i ilayibrari olubanzi. Lonke olu lwazi lusetyenziswa ebukumkanini ka Elizabeth. Eli xesha lalidume kwimibhiyozo amakhulu eliqela iibhola, uzenza akhangeleke. Bona uKumkanikazi oselula bababengezelela izakhono zabo wayenga nabalandeli.

ulutsha

Elizaveta Petrovna Romanova kwaba mnandi kakhulu emihle. isoka lakhe njalo buzz. Kuthiwa ukuba wayeza zasvatat of French iNkosi uLouis XV. Abantu bade namarhe malunga kumtshato oluzayo lwe inkosazana kunye nomtshana wakhe Petrom Alekseevichem - yindlalifa kwitrone Russian, kodwa yena wakhetha ukutshata iNkosazana Dolgoruky. Elizabeth naye waba ukubandakanyeka ekuzingeleni, ihashe, ukukhwela isikhephe, kunye nokhathalelo rhoqo ubuhle babo. Kwaye singayenziyo phawula indlela emva kokufa ekuqaleni Peter II kwetrone wadlulela ukuba umzala wakhe uAnna, yaye ngeminyaka njengoko 10 poluopale (1730-1740 gg.). Noko ke, kuphela unyaka emva kokufa umzala wakhe yazibandakanya kwibhotwe wenyuka itrone yakhe enkulu, weza ebukumkanini Elizabeth of Russia.

Imbali Ukuvuma kwetrone

Ekupheleni kobukumkani Anna Ivanovna phantse ngaphandle ishishini. Ke umlawuli de facto karhulumente Russian waba Biron. Emva kokufa uKumkanikazi mntu wakhumbula intombi uPetros Omkhulu kunye isithsaba wegqitha grandnephew zoLutsha ka-Anna Ivan leSithandathu, nonina, Anna Leopoldovna, waba ibamba. Noko ke, amandla wahlala ezandleni amaJamani ndamthiya. iingangamsha abaninzi Russian babengonwabanga ngokwemvelo nale umyalelo yezinto, amathemba abo inkosazana waza wagqiba ekubeni bazise ubukumkani Elizabeth ngokuthi zokusingatha ubhedu. Ngaloo mihla ugqirha uqikelelo Lestocq nomculo utitshala Schwartz, kwakunye lonke ibandla grenadier le Preobrazhensky webutho. Engena Winter Palace, oko yazibeka uKumkanikazi entsha, kunye Ivan oselula nonina babanjwa. Ngale ndlela weza amandla Romanova Elizaveta Petrovna (1741-1761 gg.) Kwaye nje wakhe Kuzina Anna, imithetho kanye-10 iminyaka. Phakathi empresses ezimbini ebukumkanini Romanov ubukhosi, uyakwazi ukuchitha ixesha elininzi nezifaniso kodwa ecaca - ukuba umkhethe. Ke omnye, yaye abanye anyolukele uthando kunye novuyo, njengoko umthetho, bawongwa ngenxa izihloko zawo oyintanda kunye nezithuba karhulumente. Ngenxa yoko, urhulumente obulawulwa balithandayo, unceremoniously ukudubula izandla zakhe kwizikhongozelo zobuncwane.

Elizaveta Petrovna - uKumkanikazi. Ngokufutshane malunga neminyaka wobukumkani bakhe

Shumi ekhumbulekayo, apho imithetho Russian Elizaveta sele ezibalulekileyo echumayo eli lizwe. Yena iintsuku zokuqala wavakalisa ukuba ufuna ukuqhubeka ikhosi esithathwe ngutata wakhe omkhulu. Kwaye ngoko ke. Koko mbali ithathwa njengento linyathelo azame absolutism bakhanyiselwa kuqala. Yaba ngeli xesha eRashiya zisekelwe Abarhwebi, Ngezidwangube (ukuboleka) kunye Copper (zikarhulumente) neebhanki. Uyekwa isigwebo sentambo, lihlengahlengiswe izikolo zomkhosi, inethiwekhi eyandisiweyo kwizikolo zaseprayimari, izikolo igrama evulekileyo kwizixeko ezinkulu eRashiya. Ngokufutshane, kunye nesiqalo nokufika Elizabeth waqala yiEnlightenment.

Merit

Embindini lokulawula wakhe kwaba sesinye sezona ziganeko ebalulekileyo kweli lizwe - sisiseko University eMoscow. Umsunguli yawo omnye weenceke zakhe - Shuvalov. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, emva kokuba Academy of Arts Fine yavulwa. Ngelo xesha, izazinzulu abaselula, eyona abadumileyo ngaye kwazalwa uMikhail Lomonosov, wafumana inkxaso karhulumente, njalo-njalo .. Ngamafutshane, ukuba abazange ixhomekeke kwi weenceke, ifoto yembali Elizabeth ibiya kuba omnye kakhulu ebalulekileyo phakathi kwabalawuli Russian. Konke oku kungentla libhekisela icala lokomoya, kodwa ngokwemiqathango eziphathekayo ebudeni bolawulo uKumkanikazi kuphawulwa ekudalweni ngemisebenzi zokwakha, zisanda kwakhiwa okanye yakhiwe. Isakhiwo grand kweli lizwe negalelo kuphuhliso yeenkosi ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Yiyo le iminyaka wokulawula ka Elizabeth. Izakhiwo zale zeephiriyodi nangoku kuthiwa iimeko sobuciko Elizabeth. Ebudeni beminyaka yolawulo wakhe naye eninzi zoloyiso zomkhosi, kude ekoyiswa Berlin. Oku kusenokwenzeka ukuba okuninzi kweziganeko, kuphela ukufa uElizabhete sisiqalo sexesha elitsha kwimbali Russian.

Peter III

Njengoko ubona, ubukumkani bentombi era uPetros Enkulu yazala ezininzi uloyiso oluzukileyo. izindlu ezininzi yaseYurophu royal sasixhalabele onke amandla nokukhula ubukhosi Russian, ngoko ke ukufa Elizabeth yamkelwa bonke, ngokukodwa abameli zendlu Brandenburg ezifana uwe ezulwini, ummangaliso. Ngapha koko, yena njengento engenabantwana, ngoko angazishiyi indlalifa. Peter III - owayelawula emva uElizabhete umtshana wakhe, unyana wodade wabo omdala Anna Duke Karl Peter Ulrich of Holstein. Ngokufutshane, emva kokuba isebe Romanov okunene kuphazanyiswa. Kakade ke, indlalifa elizayo ukopha nokayisemkhulu ezukileyo, kodwa yaba sodidi Holstein yaye kumnombo inkunzi umgca ngqo Frederick Mna, uKumkani Denmark. Kodwa ke imvelaphi indlalifa elizayo etroneni Russian, noPawulos ndiyamazi, kwakukho abaninzi amarhe.

Abantwana ibhotwe uElizabhete kumbindi amarhe

Mhlawumbi abo akazazi emoyeni oxhaphakileyo kwinkundla Russian phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-18, uya kuba sothuke: nakwinzala abanye ngawo, xa uKumkanikazi engenabantwana kunye engatshatanga. Noko ke, kukho izinto ezilula kangaka. Uninzi inkundla yamisa ukuba uKumkanikazi kudala ngaphambi kokuba eze etroneni, wayetshate umalusi ecaweni Ukrainian Alexei Rozum, owathi kamva thaca itayitile Prince Razumovsky. Kwaye ke ukuqhubeka kwebali aba oonyana baka-Elizabeth. Nangona kungamampunge kuphela, yaye akukho bungqina apho. Kodwa emva kokufa kwakhe kuluntu ngoku wandula ukubonakala nabakhohlisi wavakalisayo ngokwabo ziindlalifa zalo.

unyana Elizabeth

Hi ndlela leyi, amarhe kwakhona sintyumpantyumpeka igama Prince uPawulos Yokuqala. Kwintendelezo kwaye ukusasaza intlebendwane ukuba yena unyana ka Elizabeth. Le rumor wanceda ukuthetha ngento yokuba phakathi uPetros III kunye nomfazi wakhe, Catherine akazange alale zomtshato. Kakade ke, umntwana wayeza ukhawule ngomnye abathandi elizayo uKumkanikazi, kodwa sengqondo ekhethekileyo kakumkani olawulayo ukuba "grandnephew 'yakhe luphembelela qash. Ngelishwa, ngexesha uElizabhete akunakwenzeka ukuba aqhube uvavanyo yemfuza, ngoko kuhlala imfihlelo bonke.

Princess Tarakanov

abaninzi amabali bayazi ukuba emva kokufa Elizabeth eSt Petersburg kwakukho intombazana uhlobo, ngubani ngokuba yena nentombi yakhe, yaye kamva wayevalelwe entolongweni uCatherine II kwi uPetros Paul Fortress. Xa Tretyakov Gallery waqhubeka ukupeyinta umzobi odumileyo uKonstantin Flavitsky, leyo ibizwa ngokuba "Nkosazana Tarakanov". Kodwa kutheni le ntombazana ayenxiba eli gama? Ke ukuba ithe intombi uKumkanikazi, ange wavuma le Elizaveta Petrovna Romanova? kusolwa abantwana bakhe akhulelwa okanye Alekseem Razumovskim (umyeni wakhe morganatic), okanye omnye wabazalwana Shuvalov. Ngoko kutheni Tarakanov? Ngokutsho kwezinye marhe kwezinye dolophu Swiss bafunda abatshana Alekseya Razumovskogo, ukuyilwa apho imali zaye zabelwa ukusuka kaNondyebo kaRhulumente. Bona enxibe igama Daragan. Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba waba iingcambu Russian, baza kwaziwa eSwitzerland Tarakanov. Yaye ebudeni bolawulo uCatherine II kwinkundla wabonakala neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya Elizabeth Vladimirovskaya saziso ukuba yena nguye intombi ka-Elizabeth kunye Alekseya Razumovskogo. Ngaloo Tarakanova akazange ukubiza. Eli gama lalisetyenziswa kuqala kwincwadi yakhe uzowenza French Zhan Anri Castera.

Ibali Yinyaniso okanye legend?

Enyanisweni, ulwazi lokuba uElizabhete oonyana abangengabo, kusenokuba yinyaniso kakuhle. Emva zonke zivavanyelwa simahla umkhethe kunye nokuziphatha kwi umgqakhwe kwinkundla Russian (niyimigqakhwe) abazange ezizodwa yaye eqhelekileyo. Emva kokuzalwa iintsana senziwa ukunika ngentlawulo encinane nokulondolozwa abakhonzi, kwindawo ethile ngcono besiza. Ngamanye amaxesha usapho ingaya bengazi ikhula kufutshane yabo, igazi lakhe blue eziphuma emithanjeni zakhe umntwana. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yoonyana uKumkanikazi kwabo kubonakala ukuba akazange afune ukuba ndibunikele ezandleni engaziwayo, wakha umakazi zabo kwicala kayise. Hi ndlela leyi, kumabali wenzala yasebukhosini ke asithethi malunga nentombi enye nonyana omnye, yaye abantwana abaninzi. Ukongeza kwimbali Princess Elizabeth Tarakanova, ebudeni bolawulo Catherine kwakhona amarhe enye intombi uKumkanikazi edlulileyo ogama Dositheus ngenkani wasisusa isigqubuthelo kwaye entolongweni sigodlo Novospassky.

Paul kuqala

Xa uhlolisisa umthi ngokwemilibo yabo kubaphathi usapho Romanov, ungabona Ulolawula emva Elizabeth. Kwakhona, ukuba umtshana wakhe, unyana ka dade omdala, uAnna, Peter III. Hi ndlela leyi, inani kwesihloko "umzukulwana Petra Velikogo" phakathi neziqu zakhe ezininzi. Ukusuka imbali akwabizwa ukuba gqaba ahlala etroneni. Kungekudala umfazi wakhe, okweqanda isiJamani Nozipho Augusta, yaba christened Catherine, wabhukuqa waza waba nelungelo kuphela eRashiya, Kakade ke, ngoncedo abalandeli zakhe ezininzi. Emva kokufa kwakhe, wegqitha isithsaba kunye itrone unyana wakhe, uPawulos Yokuqala. Noko ke, kude kube ngoku akwaziwa imvelaphi bakhe, yaye ngenxa yoko imvelaphi Abalawuli Russian.