Wempi 'eParis Thethani'

1941 kwaphawulwa umzabalazo komsindo ngaphambili eMzantsi Ukrainian. Le imfazwe phezu Sevastopol, apho kwizithuthi Sea Black yayisekelwe.

Sevastopol Bay na zokupaka 30, akaze ogqunywe ngumkhenkce. Kunokuba ukuyeka iinqanawa nawuphi yeetoni kunye nemvula. Sevastopol zobuchule kwabonakala. Caucasus wahlala ukulwenza i Wehrmacht kangangoko elikhuselayo Sevastopol encamini Black Sea Fleet.

Ukuzama umbane lokufakwa Umzi bay ayiphumelelanga ekwindla ka-1941. Ebusika, amaJamani ngokusesikweni sokuhlaselwa. Ekupheleni kukaDisemba, imikhosi yaseJamani aba-2 kuphela km ukuya Sevastopol Bay, yaye kunzima ukulungiselela uhlaselo.

Xa emfazweni phakathi elwandle kwicala le projectiles utshaba wawisa isichotho amandla enkulu yingozi. Umkhosi wotshaba siyadlula zokudubula wempi "Paris Thethani". Ukubetha on Sevastopol imikhosi umkhosi waseJamani yehla.

Inqanawa, okanye inqanawa emgceni, ngaba isakhiwo entsonkothileyo kakhulu nonamandla. Ubungakanani wenqanawa kuba kwamabala amabini ekhatywayo, nokuphakama - a isakhiwo multi-esinemigangatho. Wempi axhobe ezinkulu-bodidi kabini-barreled elide-uluhlu zokudubula, isikrweqe kwaye luza kukhuselwe. Konke oku kwenza inqanawa yale nqaba ezidadayo. Nam into lencopho ayikho nako ukumelana Ukuhlasela lo inqanawa. Ngo 1941 eSoviet Union Zempi ezintathu: "Paris Thethani" (oLwandle Black), "uMarat" (Ulwandle Baltic) kunye "Oktobha Revolution" (Ulwandle Baltic). Zempi eyakhelwe phambi kokuba revolution iprojekthi enye. izisombululo abaliqela ezintsha koko ubeka le nqanawa. Okokuqala, indima kwakungamandla awayeqhuba ukwenza hayi injini, no-4 turbines umphunga. Nenqaba komlilo ephambili exhotyiswe ababini kodwa emithathu imipu. Weenqaba ezinde amalungiselelo emgceni, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukukhululwa ngaxeshanye imipu 12 ukusuka komboko.

Inqanawa "Paris Thethani" ngaphambili ngokuba "Sevastopol". Ukubana abantu isitsha 23 300 tonnes. Kwezikhali yayiquka ezinde amathathu ngemipu 12 nemipu 16 casemates ecaleni. Ukudalwa yale ingxilimbela ukusuka kanondyebo komlawuli eyayabelwe engange abazizigidi ezingama-40, okanye okulahlwayo 30 zegolide. 1220 - abantu abaninzi kangaka edingekayo ukusebenza, ukugcina nokulawula eso sithuthi. Baba amajoni kunye namagosa "Paris Thethani". Yaba uluhlu wempi echanekileyo yaye elide ehlabathini.

I-revolution wathabatha "Sevastopol" kwi Red Fleet. Le nqanawa ke ngokuba "Paris Thethani". De 1930, lo wempi yaba isiseko phezu koLwandle iBaltic, yaye emva koko ithunyelwe kwi-Sea Black, apho waba maxesha olupheleleyo kuthwalelwa phandle. Ngenxa ukubana le nqanawa lwandiswa, kwaye inani labasebenzi. Kodwa nangona iimeko ezinzima yenkonzo, amajoni namagosa i "Paris Thethani" nebhongo inqanawa yakhe.

I-Black Sea Fleet yenzelwe ukunika eSoviet Union kobunganga ngokupheleleyo kuLwandle Black nokutshabalalisa naliphi icala. Kwaye kwabonakala wokwenene kakhulu, kuba loo nqanawa yinxalenye nqanawa "Paris Thethani", lweenqanawa ezintywilayo 47, ababhuqi 19 cruisers ezintlanu. Phantsi kwemiqathango zezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe, iJamani akukho ilungelo ukuqhuba izithuthi kuLwandle Black. ETurkey enye kuphela nqanawa enamandla. Italy kuphela wakhangela umdlali inzima. ekuchithweni kwayo fleet Zempi 4, 59 abonakalisi, cruisers 22 ngwenya 110.

Ukuqhambuka kwemfazwe nqanawa edume adibana phezu kweendlela kunye ezinzulwini zobusuku ngafakwa qwa. Kakade 3am wempi wamhlangula kuhlasela yokuqala Aviation zwilakhe.

Kamva, amaJamani usithume ukuba siyonakalise i "Paris Thethani" konke okusemandleni. Zamob ngaphezu kwakanye wasindisa amajoni Soviet emhlabeni, xa amaJamani ezibe ngaphandle Sevastopol. Neqela le nqanawa kunye ngezikhali yayo ezibalaseleyo akwazi yokugxotha uhlaselo emva kokuhlaselwa. Emva kwexesha elithile inqanawa wayeka inxaxheba kwimisebenzi zomkhosi, njengoko isisongelo ukusuka umoya omkhulu kakhulu. Kodwa oogxa bakhe baya elunxwemeni kwaye baye bazimanya nodidi umlo kumhlaba.

Wempi wasidiliza indwe kuphela ngowe-1957, yaye oku yaphela xesha leenqanawa zokudubula enkulu.