Museum of Arts Fine. Kunsthistorisches Museum. Vienna ezinika umdla zotyelelo

Ngowe-1891 e Vienna wavula Museum yeembali Art. Nangona enyanisweni kuyo sele likhona ngo-1889.

Ngubani sungula?

Isakhiwo elikhulu kwaye ezintle isimbo Renaissance ngokukhawuleza waba ngomnye amakhadi oshishino kwekomkhulu loBukhosi Austria-Hungarian. I-museum, njengezinye amaziko ezifanayo eYurophu, sele ukhutshiwe ngokusekelwe lokuqokelela yasebukhosini imisebenzi yobugcisa ya vutshila. Isibonelelo yayilwa yaza yakhiwa womzobi odumileyo yaseYurophu Gottfried Sempre.

Wazama ukwenza ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo izinto ezendeleyo uBukhosi baseRoma, yintoni na uyavuya kakhulu umlawuli Austria-Hungarian ngubani akubona kule libhekisela ukuqhubeka Uzuko oyiNgcwele bonke uBukhosi baseRoma.

Apho na?

Art Museum e Vienna ise kummandla Marii Terezii, kufuphi ukwahlula ipaki kakuhle ohlayo, kwaye kukho isi- uKumkanikazi.

Habsburgs ukususela kwinkulungwane elinesihlanu, baqokelela eni usapho. Ukongezelela, abaninzi abalawuli ubukhosi monarchic bathenga imizobo abaculi adumileyo ngexesha lakhe. Xa nifumana igumbi imizobo yokuqokelela iye phantse ndawo, uMlawuli Franz Joseph kunye ingcamango yeza ukuze kwakhiwe isakhiwo eyahlukileyo ukulungiselela ukugcinwa imisebenzi ezinqabileyo ya vutshila. Ngaphezu koko, ukuze ubone imifanekiso Renaissance, imifanekiso bamandulo kunye nezinye izinto zobuciko ezixabisekileyo eziqokelelwe ukutyhubela iinkulungwane yi Habsburg ubukhosi, uya kuba nako ukuya. Kuba zokubukela imifanekiso zazikhutshwa xa Marii Terezii.

incazelo

Isakhiwo myuziyam le grand ngokwenene. Ukwakhiwa ngokwemo unxantathu wathweswa i udaka ubudeki zobungangamela iimitha ezingamashumi amathandathu. Ngaphakathi iholo museum anamanci asithoba enye, zamadoda izakhiwo ezingaphandle. Phambi isakhiwo magingxigingxi yaye intle kukho ingca enkulu zigcinwe kakuhle, apho kukhula namatyholo, cocekileyo zalungisa kwi imilo sekile, iisilinda kunye like.

Bona saa kulo ingca, kukho ngqumba tala enika isithuba Museum kuyacaciswa kakhulu, jonga bumba. isakhiwo ezinkulu-scale ngokwayo zonke eziludumo lulungileyo, ukuba asingethi, kudane ubuncwane eqokelelwe yobuciko kuyo.

nemiboniso

I-Vienna Museum of Art Imbali imiboniso kwaziswa kwezinye awobuncwane Habsburgs. Ngoko ke, ukususela Kunstkammer, ibekwe e Prague Castle, abantu abangeniswe eVienna imifanekiso ezithile ndawonye woMlawuli Rudolf II. Imizobo Kwento waba kwinkcazelo kakhulu nomtsalane Kunsthistorisches Museum.

Ukususela nqaba Ambras anikezelwa imizobo eqokelelwe iTshawe uFerdinand II. Leopold UWilhelm, njengoko irhuluneli i-Southern Netherlands, bathenga womzobo endaweni efandesini e Brussels. Kwaye phezu kwexesha, Ndiyifumene ingqokelela kakhulu olunzulu nento enomongo mizobo yi iinkosi ezikhulu yokudweba - Rubens, Tintoretto, titian, Van Eyck kunye nabanye. I-Art History Museum wayekhuliswe Imizobo adumileyo kunye neminye imisebenzi iinqaba ezininzi, amabhotwe, zobuciko, besive Habsburgs.

I Austrians babekwazi ukulondoloza ubuncwane ayo abizayo kwi lokuQala iMfazwe Yehlabathi Second. Kuleli ngo-1918 imiboniso Le myuziyam zadluliselwa kuRhulumente. Isakhiwo ngokungqongqo imyuziyam yomlando art umonakalo ngexesha Second World War. Noko ke, abahlali Vienna bakwazi ukuthatha unonophelo imisebenzi emangalisayo zobugcisa. Aye sithathe amanyathelo kwaye wayifihla nobuncwane nanto inkcubeko yehlabathi ngaphambi kokuqhambuka kwemfazwe. Kunsthistorisches Museum e Vienna wabuye eminyaka emva yeSibini kweMfazwe Yehlabathi, ngo-1959.

izinto zakudala kunye neHolo Egyptian

Liveza yamandulo kakhulu, ayikho kuphela imizobo le Renaissance, kodwa imisebenzi yamandulo yobugcisa, ogama yobudala sele ifikelele iminyaka amawaka amane. Umzekelo, Umfanekiso intloko, nokwafumanekayo ngexesha ukumba e Giza malunga nekhulu leminyaka eyadlulayo.

Kukholelwa ukuba yenziwa ebudeni bolawulo kaFaro Cheops. Hi ndlela leyi, lolondolozo lwembali une iholo olubanzi enikelwe mxholo umYiputa. Lixhotyiswe zombini i itempile yamandulo umYiputa. Eli gumbi iqulethe ubutyebi ezinqabileyo, awakubonayo ixesha koFaro.

lidala nemiboniso

Kwakhona kule myuziyam kukho imiboniso bamaxesha amandulo. Le ikopi namaRoma Umfanekiso intloko Aristotle, ikopi yesiGrike sculpture original "Aphrodite kunye Eros." I edumileyo eye- BAS-isiqabu "Gemma Agasti" ezenziwe ebherilo kunye nezinye ubutyebi ezininzi bezobugcisa yeenkcubeko zamaGrike nezamaRoma.

Imiboniso ubucwebe

Ukongeza Imizobo ubudala, izindlu imyuziyam ingqokelela iinkosi edume ngobugcisa othengisa ngayo. Umzekelo, umsebenzi genius Italian Benvenuto Cellini. umsebenzi kabani zindala kakhulu ukunika abameli amakhosi yasebukhosini Europe ngenkulungwane yeshumi.

Enye yezi zenzo - ityuwa kunye nomfanekiso weNeptune and Ceres - inokubonwa kwenye iiholo ye Vienna Museum of Art History. umsebenzi eling'awukazi, noxhamla ubuncwane le othengisa odumileyo nje nanto. Kukho izinto akanaso amanye amagcisa dumeke. A sisitya yisafire Gasparo Miseroni umsebenzi, umsebenzi wobugcisa ngenkulungwane yeshumi emva kwexesha.

imiboniso lwendlovu

Enye iiholo kulo myuziyam iqulethe lwendlovu. Phakathi avuleke ezininzi ingakumbi sculpture langutana Yakoba Auera "Apollo uDaphne" ukususela kunyaka 1688. Bone nangokukrola wachuma ingakumbi e Vienna, yaba yokuzonwabisa njengefashoni ngexesha loMlawuli Leopold I.

Ngoko ke, umhlola wakhe kweli gumbi desktop zonke. Kukho kwakhona umhlola of a oselula Marii Antuanetty, kumkanikazi French, wamnqumla intloko phezu itheko, ezifana izinhanha ezininzi, ngexesha revolution.

Umfanekiso kwigalari iholo Minti

Ukanti sisiseko, undoqo kwimbali Vienna Museum of Art yobuciko. Ukuba ukhumbula zonke iimvumi odumileyo yaseYurophu zonke xesha, ukuba isiqingatha umsebenzi wabo ukuze kungafunyanwa kulo myuziyam. Art Gallery has a amacandelo ezimbalwa, ngoko, ukuba bathi,. Omnye lunikezelwa imisebenzi ngabapeyinti Flemish. Apha ungabona Imizobo ongenakufa ngu Rubens, Van Dyck, Yakoba Yordansa. Kwicandelo waseJamani iqulethe imisebenzi Albrehta Dyurera, Holbein, Cranach. icandelo Dutch imelwe imizobo yi Hals, Terborch, Van Reyna, kunye nezinye amagcisa edumileyo.

Italian iqulethe Imizobo yi titian, Giorgione, Mantegna, Caravaggio, Raphael. Kukwakho icandelo elungiselelwe amagcisa ukuba iBritani neFransi.

Ukongeza zonke ezi imiboniso, imyuziyam unalo iholo unique Minti. imifanekiso yakhe ifakiwe ingqokelela eziphezulu ezintlanu ehlabathini. Apha ziqokelelwe kakhulu iingqekembe yamandulo yaye kunqabile, imedali, imihombiso kunye nezinye enjalo.

Natural History Museum

Ukuba unomdla lwembali edumileyo, nceda undwendwele i-Museum of Natural History. Masakhane kwi indlela Renaissance. Likhangeleka kakuhle kakhulu Museum of Art History. Vula la maziko ezimbini kulo nyaka. I-Natural History Museum lizisa avuleke zendalo ukubayinxalenye endlwini Habsburg. Eli ziko ibe namagumbi amathathu anethoba apho kukho izityalo kunye nezilwanyana extinct ambalwa eminyaka eyadlulayo. Lokuqokelelelwa izinto ezingaphezulu kwezigidi ezintathu. Inkoliso yabo ivela kwiimbombo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba. Umgangatho wokuqala uya kufaneleka ingcaciso eyayinikelwe zonke iintlobo abameli zezilo. imiboniso Famous ke amathambo Diplodocus waza wafaka Steller kaThixo cow elwandle. Kumgangatho wesibini kukho nemiboniso zejoloji. Le yingqokelela ubuncwane ezinqabileyo, iiminerali, ukuqokelelwa kwezimbiwa. Kukho iingceba i zimpahla nomfanekiso elincinane of Venus of Willendorf.

indlu Figaro

Yintoni Kuhle ukubona abo banomdla Vienna (isixeko) na. Kukho iindawo ezininzi. Iindwendwe eVienna, kufuneka ubone indlu yingqondi zomculo ngokuqinisekileyo - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Oku kulapho umqambi odumileyo babehlala kwisithuba ukususela 1784 ukuya 1787. Apha wazalwa opera odumileyo "Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro." Ngoko ke, kude kube ngoku, abemi kunye kubizwa ngokuba yindlu - Indlu ka Figaro. I Viennese ziye sizisole euro kwezigidi ezisibhozo ukuze ngokutsha kwesakhiwo. Indlu imi inxalenye endala aloo mzi, kufutshane Cathedral eSt kaStefano.

isiphelo

Ngoku uyazi ukuba eVienna (mzi, apho siye saxubusha neempawu) ngokwaneleyo amahle umdla Kakade ke, ubukhulu becala ngenxa kwiimyuziyam yayo. Qiniseka ukuba ukutyelela iindawo zichazwe kweli nqaku. Ndikholelwe, le ubuhle ufanelwe yonke wabatyeleli nguye.